SOCIAL SCIENCES RESEARCH AND ACADEMIC JOURNAL

Discriminant Analysis for Predicting Digital Skills in the Work of Fourth-Year Digital Marketing Students, Southeast Bangkok University

Thammasorn Morawan — 2025-05-30

The objectives of this research were to examine the discriminant analysis for prediction of digital skills in work of fourth-year digital marketing students in the group with digital skills in work and the group that needs to develop digital skills in work. The sample group consisted of 73 fourth-year digital marketing students from the Faculty of Accountancy and Management Science at Southeast Bangkok University who were selected through a simple random sampling method using a lottery method. The data collection instrument was a questionnaire. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics including frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation, as well as multivariate statistics through discriminant analysis with the Enter method, employing Box’s M test, Eigenvalue, Canonical Correlation, and Wilks’ Lambda.

The findings were found that factors affecting the digital skills in work of the 4th year digital marketing students consisted of 6 factors: perceived usefulness of digital technology (PU), self-efficacy of digital technology (SE), social environment (EN), attitude and value (AV), knowledge of digital marketing (KDM), and perceived ease of use of digital technology (PEoU). The classification equations were able to predict the membership of the group of students with digital skills in work with 86.27 percent accuracy and the group of students who need to develop additional digital skills in work with 86.36 percent accuracy, and predicted the membership of both groups with 86.30 percent accuracy. The classification equations were as follows:

The equation of the raw scores was:

Y = -12.096 + 1.235(PU) + 0.218(PEoU) - 0.268(KDM) + 0.464(AV) + 0.732(SE) + 0.552(EN)

The equation of the standard scores was:

Z = 0.477(PU) + 0.101(PEoU) - 0.145(KDM) + 0.215(AV) + 0.358(SE) + 0.253(EN)

Investigating Intercultural Communicative Competence of Thai EFL Undergraduates: Implications for Pedagogies

Krishna Kosashunhanan — 2025-05-30

This research investigated the intercultural communicative competence (ICC) of Thai EFL undergraduates at a private university in Bangkok, Thailand and explored the challenges and barriers that obstructed students’ ICC development. This research was a mixed-methods approach, data were collected through self-report questionnaires based on Byram’s (1997) ICC model, conversation-based quizzes, and focus group interviews. The findings reveal that the students exhibit positive attitudes and cultural sensitivity, they face challenged in applying intercultural knowledge and skills in real-world contexts. Key barriers include limited exposure to diverse cultural experiences, a curriculum that emphasized linguistic proficiency over intercultural skills, and
a lack of confidence in using intercultural communication strategies. To address these issues, this study proposed pedagogical strategies that integrated cultural elements into language instruction, focusing on experiential learning,
role-playing, and virtual intercultural exchanges. The study highlighted the importance of fostering both linguistic and intercultural competence to better prepare students for global communication. Limitations and suggestions for future research are also discussed.

Developing Indigenous Knowledge-Based Products to Improve Community Management Efficiency in Ban Thung Nang Khruan, Cha lae Sub-District, Thong Pha Phum District Kanchanaburi Province

Nobparat Chaichana — 2025-05-30

This objectives of this research were to: 1) explore the potential of community products in Ban Thung Nang Khruan, 2) develop prototype community products in Ban Thung Nang Khruan, and 3) identify product management approaches that aligned with the local way of life and market demands by utilizing local wisdom. The research area was Ban Thung Nang Khruan, Chalerm Subdistrict, Thong Pha Phum District, Kanchanaburi Province. A qualitative research methodology was employed for incorporating anthropological research methods and participatory research approaches. The sample group consisted of 24 participants including representatives from households, temples, and government agencies. Data were collected through interviews, observations, focus group discussions, and analyzed using content analysis and descriptive analysis.

The research findings revealed that: 1) Ban Thung Nang Khruan had the potential to develop products that reflected local wisdom. Several community enterprised groups exist, each utilizing natural resources and traditional knowledge to create unique products. 2) The community had developed a prototype of woven textile products through the Ban Thung Nang Khruan handicraft group by integrating local wisdom with market demands. The product development process began with market trend analysis, consumer demand assessment, and product quality improvements based on the findings. As a result, the woven textiles produced are distinguished by their aesthetic appeal and durability, meeting customer expectations and achieving market competitiveness. 3) The approach to managing products based on local wisdom emphasized the use of natural resources and indigenous knowledge to create high-quality, unique products. This process was supported by building networks with external organizations and fostering collaboration among community members, enhancing the cultural value and uniqueness of the products. Furthermore, government agencies should provide support by establishing community product development learning centers and promoting online marketing to expand market opportunities.

Evaluating the Expense of Immigration Fees to Support the Annual Budget for Fiscal Year 2023

Mutita Markvichit — 2025-05-30

The research on the evaluation of immigration fees to support the annual budget for fiscal year 2023 aims to 1) evaluate the efficiency, effectiveness and value for money of immigration fees to assist the annual budget for fiscal year 2023 and 2) find out a guideline for improving and developing in expense of immigration fees to aid the annual budget for the following year. This is mixed-method study that quantitative data collected through 450 immigration police officers. The qualitative study carried out with 20 immigration police officers who were executive level (Inspector to Superintendent) and practitioner level (Squad Leader to Deputy Inspector) via in-depth interviews.

The finding indicate that immigration fee expenditures were managed with optimal efficiency, effectiveness, and value for money. This is consistent with the budget objectives that aim to upgrade service and increase the efficiency of immigration police officers. The major problem to need improvement is delay in budget allocation which causes problems in budget management within the agency.

Therefore, it leads to recommendations for improving and developing the expense of immigration fees to support the budget for the next fiscal year. The approval process and budget allocation should be developed rapidly and increasing budget should be related and sufficient for the operation and needs of the provincial immigration offices. The budget allocation to support welfare includes residence, training of duty, including budget allocation in proving modern equipment and technology such as passport inspection machines and the use of biometric mobile devices to verify personal identities efficiently.

The Solid Waste Management of Kaeng Sian Subdistrict Administrative Organization, Mueang District, Kanchanaburi Province

Apiwat Samathi — 2025-05-30

The purpose of this research was to: 1) examine the condition of the area, the issues, and the causes of the residual waste problem at the Kaeng Sian Subdistrict Administrative Organization’s waste disposal site, and 2) investigate the management approaches for addressing residual waste at the site in Mueang District, Kanchanaburi Province. This study employed a mixed-methods approach, using interviews to collect data from 53 individuals including administrators, local leaders, government officials involved in waste management, and residents affected by waste-related issues. Additionally, questionnaires were used to gather data from a sample of 363 local residents. Qualitative data were analyzed using descriptive analysis while quantitative data were analyzed using percentage calculations.

The study findings revealed that:

1. The area was in poor shape with a lot of rubbish that hadn’t been buried. The issue of residual waste encompassed both the issue of waste leachate seeping into agricultural areas and the issue of a significant volume of residual waste. The causes of the problem included the increasing amount of solid waste, the lack of proper landfill management following sanitary regulations, delays in procurement and waste management operations under the Government Procurement and Inventory Management Act B.E. 2560, and ineffective collaboration among the government, private sector, and public sector in addressing the problem.

2. The waste management approach focused on enhancing spatial management efficiency while preventing and reducing pollution at the source (waste disposal site). This was accomplished through a structured intervention plan comprising urgent (short-term), medium-term, and long-term measures.

Guidelines for Enhancing the Potential of Young Smart Farmers in Lamphun Province through BCG Economic Development Approach

Thannapat Jarernpanit — 2025-05-30

This article aimed to study the needs and potential of young smart farmers through the Lamnamrak Community Enterprise in Lamphun Province and to propose guideline for enhancing the potential of these farmers in the region following the BCG economic development approach. The study employed a qualitative participatory research method, targeting eight members of the new generation farmers' group within the Lamnamrak Community Enterprise in Lamphun Province. The sample was selected using a purposive sampling method. The research tools included a needs assessment survey and focus group interviews to extract lessons learned regarding the group's resources and potential. A participatory research process was also used to plan and design strategies for capacity development. The findings in relation to the first objective provided an assessment of the potential of the new generation farmers within the Lamnamrak Community Enterprise. For the second objective, the study presented guidelines for enhancing the capacity of young farmers in Lamphun Province based on the BCG economic model development. These guidelines included a capacity development curriculum for young farmers and entrepreneurs, along with recommendations for future research projects to further develop the group's potential.

The Role of Interactive Multimedia Teaching Tools for Enhancing Academic Achievement: A Case Study of the Provincial Studies Course, Yala Community College

Wanphen Phongsuwarisi — 2025-05-30

This research was the experimental research in one group to before and after and the objectives were to: on learning achievement and to examine students’ satisfaction toward their use in the Provincial Studies course at Yala Community College. The sample group was 40 students enrolled in the GE 0201 Provincial Studies course during the first semester of the 2024 academic year and selected using simple random sampling. The research instruments included: (1) interactive multimedia worksheets designed by the researcher using the LIVEWORKSHEETS platform, which allows for interactive learning aligned with the principles of multimedia learning theory and cognitive load theory; and (2) a learning achievement test, consisting of 20 multiple-choice questions to assess foundational knowledge and three short-answer questions to evaluate analytical and integrative thinking. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and paired t-tests.

The findings revealed that: 1) students’ posttest scores (M = 5.04, S.D. = 0.36) were significantly higher than their pretest scores (M = 3.45, S.D. = 0.36), with statistical significance at the 0.05 level (t(39) = 38.74, p<.001); and 2) students reported high satisfaction with the use of the interactive multimedia worksheets overall (M = 3.75, S.D. = 0.75), particularly noting that the worksheets enhanced their understanding of the course content (M = 4.41, S.D. = 0.58). These results indicate that the interactive multimedia worksheets effectively facilitated students’ learning and comprehension of the Provincial Studies course. Future research should explore comparisons between experimental and control groups and analyze the impact of specific multimedia components on learning outcomes.

The Causal Model between Academic Self-Efficacy and Academic Resilience on the Professional Identity of Student Teachers

Wipawee Siriluk — 2025-05-30

This objectives of this research were to: 1) examine the levels of academic self-efficacy, academic resilience, and professional identity among student teachers, and 2) analyze the causal model between academic self-efficacy and academic resilience on the professional identity of student teachers. This study employed
a survey research methodology. Data were collected from 211 third-year student teachers from universities across Thailand and obtained through multi-stage random sampling. The data collection instrument was a questionnaire for students, consisting of an academic self-efficacy scale, an academic resilience scale, and a professional identity scale. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and structural equation models.

The findings revealed that 1) the pre-service teachers demonstrated high levels in overall three characteristics: academic self-efficacy, academic resilience, and professional identity, and 2) the causal relationship model between academic self-efficacy, academic resilience, and professional identity showed good fit with the empirical data (χ2 (43, N = 211) = 58.46, p = .06, χ2/df = 1.36, CFI = .99, TLI = .98, RMSEA = .04, SRMR = .04). Academic self-efficacy had a direct effect on academic resilience but no direct effect on professional identity, while academic resilience had a direct effect on professional identity. Furthermore, academic self-efficacy had an indirect effect on professional identity through academic resilience.

Knowledge Management of Community Economic Development Group: A Case Study of Mor-Hom Dyeing Group in Phrae Province

Nathasar Punbua — 2025-05-30

This objectives of this research were to: 1) explore and develop knowledge management practice for Mor-Hom dyeing community economic development groups in Mueang Phrae District, Phrae Province; and 2) disseminate Mor-Hom dyeing knowledge and evaluate its practical application in communities interested in this traditional technique. The methodology included employing qualitative research methods and collecting data through in-depth interviews with local experts across five communities. The dissemination of Mor-Hom dyeing knowledge involved organizing community meetings, creating informational documents, and validating the content with three experts. A community meeting with 30 participants interested in Mor-Hom dyeing was held to further disseminate the knowledge and monitor its practical application.

The study identified three key stages in the knowledge management process for Mor-Hom dyeing: 1) preparation of wet Mor-Hom, including leaf preparation, alkaline water creation, and fermentation; 2) dyeing process, involving dye vat preparation and material treatment; and 3) application of Mor-Hom dye. Community follow-up revealed that 90% of participants effectively applied the knowledge acquired. The most comprehended topics were leaf preparation, followed by Mor-Hom fermentation and the creation of alkaline water. Key benefits of participation included understanding the Mor-Hom dyeing process, gaining practical skills, acquiring additional knowledge on Mor-Hom cultivation and harvesting, and the potential to disseminate this knowledge furt her. Moreover, the process inspired participants to produce Mor-Hom-dyed textiles for household.

Personal Factors Influencing Attitudes towards Sustainable Development and Environmentally and Socially Responsible Consumption Behavior among Adolescents in Bangkok and Its Vicinity

Surakiat Tadawattanawit — 2025-05-30

This objective of this article was to study attitudes towards sustainable development and environmentally and socially responsible consumption behavior of adolescents in Bangkok and its metropolitan area, as well as analyzing the personal factor of gender on these attitudes and behaviors. Data were collected from 465 adolescents in Bangkok and its metropolitan area using a stratified random sampling method by using a questionnaire with an overall reliability coefficient of 0.955 and data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the t-test.

The research results found that adolescents in the area had a high overall attitude towards sustainable development ( = 4.43). When considering each aspect if was found that the environmental (= 4.42), economic (= 4.42), social ( = 4.44), and educational (= 4.43) aspects were all rated at the highest level. In terms of environmentally and socially responsible consumption behavior, the adolescents exhibited high levels (= 4.29), with environmentally responsible consumption at (= 4.36) and socially responsible consumption at ( = 4.23). Furthermore, females showed statistically significantly higher attitudes and consumption behaviors toward sustainable development than males at the .01 level. In each attitude dimension-environmental, economic, social, and educational-females scored higher than males at the .05, .01, .01, and .01 levels, respectively. Similarly, in consumption behavior, females also scored higher in both environmentally and socially responsible consumption, with significance at the .01 and .05 levels.

Intrapreneurial for Organizational Personnel in Airports

Panadda Charoensak — 2025-05-30

This research used Mixed methods research integrating both qualitative and quantitative research methods. This research aimed to explore the conceptual framework of intrapreneurship development for airport personnel in Thailand. The research instruments included a content synthesis table derived from a review of relevant literature comprising 64 items and an evaluation form on the research framework titled "Model for Developing Intrapreneurship in Airport Personnel." The framework was assessed for its suitability by a panel of five experts. Data analysis was conducted using statistical methods, including mean (), standard deviation (S.D.), and content analysis

The study revealed that the conceptual framework for the intrapreneurship development model for airport 1) Intrapreneurial consists of three key dimensions with a total of 16 characteristics, 1.1) The behavioral dimension includes 1.1.1) innovativeness 1.1.2) creativeness 1.1.3) proactiveness 1.14) opportunity recognition 1.1.5) risk-taking 1.1.6) tolerance of failure and 1.1.7) networking. 1.2) the attribute dimension includes 1.2.1) skills, 1.2.2) abilities 1.2.3) perception of their own capabilities 1.2.4) personal knowledge, and 1.2.5) experience. Lastly, 1.3) the attitudinal dimension includes 1.3.1) relationship to the organization 1.3.2) motivation 1.3.3) satisfaction, and 3.4) intention. 2) Airport services covers 9 dimensions: 2.1) safety standards 2.2) air traffic management 2.3) security management 2.4) passenger services 2.5) airport management 2.6) environment and sustainability 2.7) airport code designation 2.8) ground services, and 2.9) emergency management systems.

Enhancing University Students’ Understanding of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) through Participatory Learning with the Connectivity Logistics Activity

Matee Vicheansan — 2025-05-30

This objectives of this research were to: 1) examine the level of students’ understanding of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) before and after participating in the “The Connectivity Logistics” activity, 2) analyze the effects of the activity on enhancing SDG-related understanding through participatory learning, and 3) explore students’ opinions regarding the effectiveness of the activity in promoting the SDGs. The sample group consisted of 100 undergraduate students from the College of Logistics and Supply Chain, Sripatum University, across three campuses: Bangkok, Chonburi, and Khon Kaen. The research employed a mixed-methods approach, including quantitative data collection via a 10-item SDG comprehension questionnaire (pre-test and post-test), a 15-item opinion survey on the activity, and qualitative data from in-depth interviews with seven students.

The findings revealed the level of understanding of students of the SDGs, with mean scores increasing from 6.23 before the activity to 8.12 after the activity (out of 10). The evaluation of student opinions indicated high levels of satisfaction across all dimensions (mean scores ranging from 4.06 to 4.35 out of 5), particularly in experiential learning in community settings. In-depth interviews confirmed the activity’s role in inspiring students, raising awareness, and empowering them to contribute to sustainable societal development. The results align with Kolb (1984) theory of experiential learning, which emphasizes hands-on practice, reflection, and cognitive processing to enhance understanding. This approach bridges the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical application. Moreover, the activity was designed in accordance with the SDG framework, which promotes integrated environmental, social, and economic dimensions.

Factors Influencing Job Retention of Professional Nurses in Community Hospitals at Nakhon Sawan Province

Pongthawat Harnpun — 2025-05-30

This objectives of this research were to: 1) assess the level of job retention among professional nurses in community hospitals at Nakhon Sawan Province, and 2) identify factors influencing their retention. The study sample comprised 208 full-time professional nurses who were not in leadership roles, specifically excluding those serving as heads of workgroups, in community hospitals within Nakhon Sawan Province. Data collection tools included a questionnaire with a content validity index ranging from 0.67 to 1.00 and a reliability coefficient of 0.947. Statistical methods employed included mean, standard deviation, and multiple regression analysis.

The research findings were as follows:

1. The overall level of job retention among professional nurses in community hospitals at Nakhon Sawan Province was ad a high level (= 3.74, S.D. = 0.75). Among the factors examined, job characteristics received the highest mean score ( = 4.06, S.D. = 0.52), followed by personal characteristics ( = 3.99, S.D. = 0.49), manager characteristics ( = 3.95, S.D. = 0.75), and organizational characteristics ( = 3.58, S.D. = 0.66). All these factors were rated at a high level.

2. Factors affecting influencing job retention among professional nurses included personal characteristics, organizational characteristics, and task requirements. These factors collectively predicted job retention at 64.7% (R² = 0.647) and with statistically significant at the 0.05 level. However, manager characteristics did not have significantly impact on job retention.

The Tax Planning of Financial Policies and Executive Compensation that Affect the Operating Results of Companies Listed on the Market for Alternative Investment (MAI)

Nathanon Konsila — 2025-05-30

This objective of this research was to: study the tax planning, financial policies and executive compensation
that affect the performance of companies listed on the Market for Alternative Investment (MAI). The sample consisted of 60 MAI-listed companies, excluding those in the financial sector. Data were collected from annual financial reports during 2020-2022, resulting in 180 firm-year observations. The study employed descriptive statistics, frequency, percentage, mean, median, standard deviation, maximum, minimum, skewness, kurtosis and test the hypothesis using multiple regression analysis with stepwise selection method.

The results revealed that: 1) company's growth had a positive effect on security returns (p < 0.01), while company size had a negative effect (p < 0.05), with an explanatory power of 23.80% (R² = 0.238); 2) tax-to-total-assets ratio, firm size, firm size, and firm growth positively affected return on assets (p < 0.01, p < 0.05), while effective income tax rate and interest coverage ratio showed negative effects (p < 0.01, p < 0.05), explaining 92.70% of variance (R² = 0.927); 3) tax-to- total-assets ratio and firm size positively influenced return on equity (p < 0.01), while effective income tax rate, dividend payout ratio, and investment in tangible assets showed negative effect (p < 0.01, p < 0.05), with an explanatory power of 66.30% (R² = 0.663); and 4) tax-to-total-assets ratio and firm size positively affected earnings per share, while effective income tax rate showed a negative effect (p < 0.01), explaining 65.10% of the variance (R² = 0.651).

Guidelines for Building Confidence in Crime Scene Inspections by Forensic Officers in Phetchabun Province

Netithorn Kundiloknattawasa — 2025-05-30

This objective of this research was to: to propose guidelines for building confidence in crime scene inspection by forensic officers in Phetchabun Province. The population used as an important source of information this time is the deputy director (investigation) of the police station in Phetchabun Province who was assigned to be the head of the investigation, totaling 18 persons, who were purposively selected. The research instrument used was in-depth interviews and content analysis.

The research results found that guidelines for building confidence in crime scene inspection by forensic officers in Phetchabun Province 1) Knowledge and skills, consisting of: 1.1) scientists who inspect crime scenes must be knowledgeable and skilled; 1.2) having skills and expertise in inspecting crime scenes; 1.3) quick wit
in inspecting crime scenes; 1.4) give advice to investigators to observe and control entry into the crime scene without destroying or contaminating evidence, 2) Ethics of forensic investigators, consisting of: 2.1) inspecting crime scenes quickly; 2.2) having good interpersonal skills with investigators; 2.3) not demanding or accepting property or benefits; 2.4) performing duties with honesty and integrity; 2.5) having patience in inspecting crime scenes; 2.6) traveling to inspect crime scenes immediately without delay; 2.7) performing duties willingly. 3) Behavior in performing duties includes 3.1) entering to inspect the scene of the incident without delay 3.2) a good-natured
person 3.3) behaving appropriately and showing respect for each other 3.4) enthusiastic in performing duties
3.5) dressing neatly and appropriately for performing duties 4) Systematicity in performing duties includes
4.1) professional 4.2) performing duties according to the specified standards and procedures 4.3) having a time frame for performing duties and performing duties properly and completing them according to the specified procedures 4.4) having the readiness of materials, equipment and tools for performing duties 4.5) being able to perform duties immediately when requested or notified of an incident.

Guidelines for Using Discretionary Powers No Contrary to the Law

Ongard Jeyalee — 2025-05-30

State officials must exercise state power based primarily on the provisions of rules or laws. This is because state institutions are legally established and granted authority by law. Therefore, the exercise of state power by officials must be lawful in every action, in accordance with the principles of the rule of law. However, the exercise of state power known as discretionary power, though governed by legal frameworks to prevent bias or misuse, still often leads to disputes. Many cases arise from the unlawful use of discretionary power by state officials. This clearly demonstrates that the existing laws are insufficient to fully safeguard against the misuse of administrative discretion. Therefore, there should be clearly written guidelines for the use of discretionary power by administrative bodies, to prevent any misuse, as stipulated in the Act on Establishment of Administrative Courts and Administrative Court Procedure, Section 9, paragraph one (1).