Journal of MCU Palisueksabuddhaghosa Review

Understanding Buddha Images: Origins, Symbolic Meanings, and Artistry Through the Ages

Phrakhruvinaithon Jirapach Jittasophan (Metongsan) — 2025-11-19

เมื่อราวหนึ่งพันห้าร้อยปีที่แล้วผู้คนในดินแดนไทยได้รับเอาหลักธรรมเมื่อราวหนึ่งพันห้าร้อยปีที่แล้วผู้คนในดินแดนไทยได้รับเอาหลักธรรมคำสอนของพุทธศาสนามาถือปฏิบัติ นับแต่นั้นตราบจนกระทั่งปัจจุบันพุทธศาสนาก็ไม่เคยสูญหายไปจากดินแดนไทย ทั้งยังกลายเป็นความเชื่อหลักของคนส่วนใหญ่ด้วยตลอดระยะเวลาที่ผ่านมาผู้คนในดินแดนไทยทุกยุคทุกสมัยได้สร้างพระพุทธปฏิมาขึ้นเพื่อเป็นสื่อแทนองค์พระศาสดา มีความสวยงามและเปี่ยมล้นความหมาย แต่ความจริงแล้วพระพุทธรูปมิได้สะท้อนแค่เพียงความเลื่อมใสศรัทธาต่อพุทธศาสนาเท่านั้น หากยังแฝงนัยทางประวัติศาสตร์ สังคม และวัฒนธรรมในแต่ละช่วงเวลาด้วยด้วยเหตุที่พระพุทธปฏิมามีนัยแฝงถึงแง่มุมต่าง ๆ มากกว่า รูปแทนองค์พระศาสดานี่เอง จึงเกิดการค้นคว้าและเรียบเรียงหนังสือ "รู้เรื่องพระพุทธรูป" เล่มนี้ขึ้นโดยพยายามให้แง่มุมที่เกี่ยวข้องกับคติความเชื่อต่าง ๆ ที่ผันแปรไปตามแต่ละสมัย ตลอดจนให้ข้อมูลเฉพาะของพระพุทธรูปสำคัญเหตุการณ์ทางประวัติศาสตร์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง และความเปลี่ยนแปลงทางพุทธลักษณะแห่งองค์พระพุทธปฏิมาเพื่อให้ผู้อ่านได้ทราบถึงความเป็นไปทางสังคมและวัฒนธรรมไทยสมัยต่าง ๆ ผ่านองค์พระพุทธรูป

Integrating the 5 precepts for improving quality of life: a case study of executives' views Graduate programs Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University

Pimnara Mekhawiphat — 2025-08-21

งานดุษฎีนิพนธ์เรื่อง “บูรณาการศีล ๕ เพื่อการพัฒนาคุณภาพชีวิต: กรณีศึกษาทัศนะของผู้บริหารหลักสูตรระดับบัณฑิตศึกษา มหาวิทยาลัยมหาจุฬาลงกรณราชวิทยาลัย” เป็นผลงานนิพนธ์ของ จ่าสิบเอกสมหมาย แวงวรรณ เป็นนิสิตระดับปริญญาเอก หลักสูตรพุทธศาสนาดุษฎีบัณฑิตสาขาวิชาพระพุทธศาสนา ของบัณฑิตวิทยาลัย มหาวิทยาลัยมหาจุฬาลงกรณราชวิทยาลัย ซึ่งสาเหตุที่เลือกดุษฎีนิพนธ์เรื่องนี้มาศึกษาเพราะว่าผู้วิจารณ์มีความสนใจเรื่องนี้เพื่อเป็นการศึกษาหลักศีล ๕ ในการพัฒนาคุณภาพชีวิตของคนในสังคม จึงสนใจเนื้อหาในการศึกษาครั้งนี้และที่สำคัญผู้วิจารณ์เองก็มีความสนใจในการศึกษาเรื่องการนำศีล ๕ มาพัฒนาคุณภาพชีวิตในหลายๆ ประเด็น จึงได้ยกดุษฏีนิพนธ์ทางพระพุทธศาสนาเรื่องนี้มาวิจารณ์ซึ่งมีประเด็นที่น่าสนใจตามโครงสร้างดุษฎีนิพนธ์โดยภาพรวมประกอบด้วยบทที่ ๑ บทนำเรื่อง การนำหลักศีล ๕ มาบูรณาการกับชีวิตประจำวัน บทที่ ๒ ศีล ๕ กับการพัฒนาคุณภาพชีวิต บทที่ ๓ การพัฒนาคุณภาพชีวิตตามหลักศีล ๕ ของนักปราชญ์ทางพระพุทธศาสนาและในทัศนะผู้บริหารหลักสูตรระดับบัณฑิตศึกษา บทที่ ๔ บูรณาการศีล ๕ เพื่อการพัฒนาคุณภาพชีวิตตามทัศนะของผู้บริหารหลักสูตรระดับบัณฑิตศึกษา มหาวิทยาลัยมหาจุฬาลงกรณราชวิทยาลัย และบทที่ ๕ สรุปผลการวิจัย สรุปองค์ความรู้ และข้อเสนอแนะซึ่งงานดุษฎีนิพนธ์เรื่องนี้มีจำนวน ๑๘๘ หน้า ( ไม่ร่วมภาคผนวก ) ดุษฏีนิพนธ์เล่มนี้เป็นการวิจัยเชิงคุณภาพ (Qualitative Research) ดังนั้นผู้วิจารณ์จะได้แบ่งการวิจารณ์จะได้นำดุษดีฎีนิพนธ์มาวิเพื่อวิจารตามกระบวนการดังต่อไปนี้

Designing an Online Instructional Model for Teaching the Dhammapada

wattana khamken — 2025-11-19

This research paper aimed to: (1) study the principles, concepts, and methodologies of online teaching and learning; (2) develop a model for teaching analytical Pali Dhammapada in accordance with educational reform; and (3) propose an innovative approach to learning analytical Dhammapada through an online system. The study employed qualitative research integrated with research and development (R&D) methodologies, including documentary research, relevant learning theories, in-depth interviews with Pali and educational technology experts, and the design, implementation, and evaluation of a prototype learning model.

The findings revealed that an effective online learning environment must be learner-centered, with Robert Gagné’s instructional design theory serving as a framework. The content for the Dhammapada lessons should emphasize analytical learning—moving beyond mere word-for-word translation to include in-depth analysis of Pali vocabulary, grammatical structures, key doctrinal themes, and metaphorical meanings. The instructional design also incorporated multimedia resources such as video lectures, infographics, interactive quizzes, and online assessments. The innovation resulting from this research is the DAeLM (Dhammapada Analytical e-Learning Model), which consists of eight core components: foundational theories, a learning management system (LMS), analytical Dhammapada content, multimedia learning tools, learning activities, multi-dimensional assessments, prototype testing, and further development. The model was tested with a sample group comprising Buddhist monastics and university students, with positive results in both learning achievement and learner satisfaction. This research demonstrates that online instructional models for Dhammapada can enhance deep understanding of Pali scriptures, promote accessibility, and align with the digital era's educational demands. Therefore, the model should be promoted and further developed for broader use in Pali schools, Buddhist universities, and other online Buddhist studies programs.

The Development of Learning Management Models in The Virtual Reality World Based on Collaborative Imagineering Concepts to Promote Innovative Skills for Graduate Students of Bunditpatanasilpa Institute

Patcharee Meesukhon — 2025-11-19

This research aimed to develop and present a virtual-world learning management model based on cooperative Imagineering principles to enhance innovation creativity skills among undergraduate students at Bunditpatanasilpa Institute, as well as to study the outcomes of implementing this model. The population and sample consisted of second-year students majoring in Dance Education and Music Education at Nakhon Si Thammarat College of Dramatic Arts, Bunditpatanasilpa Institute. The study employed a research and development (R&D) approach, utilizing data analysis through mean (x̄) and standard deviation (S.D.).

Research results revealed that the developed model comprised six main components and a seven-step learning process emphasizing practical engagement, collaborative tasks, and continuous assessment. Expert evaluation indicated that the model was highly appropriate (x̄ = 4.38, S.D. = 0.60; IOC = 0.95), particularly concerning content (x̄ = 4.19, S.D. = 0.41), and the presentation within an engaging virtual environment supported by diverse and contemporary learning media. Experts also recommended additional technological support.

Implementation of the model via the Metaverse platform demonstrated statistically significant improvements at the .05 level in students' post-learning achievement (x̄ = 19.77, S.D. = 2.05) compared to pre-learning achievement (x̄ = 15.00, S.D. = 1.68). Additionally, students' creative innovation skills significantly increased at the .01 level (post-learning x̄ = 2.90, pre-learning x̄ = 2.88). Students expressed the highest level of satisfaction with the learning model (x̄ = 4.52, S.D. = 0.70), and their creative outputs were evaluated as most appropriate (x̄ = 4.68, S.D. = 0.51). The learning management model presented was assessed by experts as highly suitable (x̄ = 4.72, S.D. = 0.49), underscoring its effective potential in promoting creative innovation.

A MODEL OF INTEGRATING BUDDHIST PRINCIPLES TO STRENGTHEN THE PROFESSIONAL DUTIES OF LAY JUDGES IN THE JUVENILE AND FAMILY COURTS, REGION VI

Dararat Chongsiri — 2025-11-19

The research article aimed to: 1) examine the principles and approaches in the performance of lay judges in the Juvenile and Family Court Region 6; 2) explore the Buddhist doctrines that strengthen collaborative performance among lay judges; and 3) propose a model of integrating Buddhist principles to strengthen the professional duties of lay judges in the Juvenile and Family Courts, Region VI. The study employed qualitative research methodology, combining documents with field work through in-depth interviews. Key informants were purposefully selected, comprising a total of 27 individuals, including both Buddhist monks and lay judges. Data were analyzed using descriptive and interpretive methods.

The research findings revealed that five core qualities that characterize the effective performance of lay judges: 1) Leadership that fosters unity, 2) Observant human nature, 3) Tranquil personality, 4) Upholding ethics, and 5) Selflessness. These qualities are reinforced by 4 key Buddhist doctrines: 4 Brahmavihãra which form the foundation of compassionate thinking; 4 Iddhipãda which serve as internal motivation; 4 Sañgahavatthu which guide team relationships; and 6 Sãraṇĩyadhamma which foster a culture of harmony and mutual trust—together embodying a living model of justice for contemporary Thai society. These findings are synthesized into the “LOTUS 4B Model”: L-Leadership that fosters unity; O-Observant human nature; T-Tranquility personality; U-Upholding ethics; and S-Selflessness. 4B refers to the integration of the four aforementioned Buddhist doctrines represented metaphorically as parts of a lotus-petals, stamen, sepals, stem, and roots-each component includes clear indicators measurable both quantitatively and qualitatively. This model embodies the deep power of compassion, wisdom, ethical integrity, inner peace, and selfless service, offering a holistic and sustainable framework for strengthening the juvenile justice system in Thailand.

GUIDELINES FOR THE PRACTICING VIPASSANA MEDITATION TO PREPARE THE TERMINALLY ILL PATIENTS THROUGH THE INTEGRATED BUDDHISM

Tanakin Chairat — 2025-11-19

This research article aimed to: 1) study the theory about the principles of self-death preparation for late patients in Thai society, 2) study how to practice insight meditation for late patients, and 3) to present the Buddhist integrated insight meditation on the preparation of late-stage patients’ deaths. This is qualitative research done by using field work methodology where in-depth interview of key informants was also made and then the contents analysis was done through the descriptive analysis respectively.

This research investigated the preparation for death among terminally ill patients, yielding 3 key findings; 1) Death preparation involves mind training and continuous mindfulness, especially during the final moments, 2) The principle of “the body is ill, but the mind is not” guides mental training based on the Four Foundations of Mindfulness, aiming for 3 distinct levels: worldly mindfulness, worldly mindfulness integrated with spiritual understanding, and purely spiritual mindfulness. Ānāpānasati was identified as the most effective Vipassana meditation practice for terminally ill patients, 3) Cultivating Ānāpānasati and maintaining mindfulness in all postures leads to the wisdom of understanding life as a natural process. When Anapanasati is fully developed, the mind becomes liberated from defilements, achieving tranquility and complete freedom. The knowledge gained from the research is the model ‘Being mindful, well death through Buddhist way". This model emphasizes meditation practice according to the principles of 4 Satipatthana, characterized by diligence (Atāpi), cclear comprehension (Sampajāno), and mindfulness (Satimā). This continuous mindfulness training helps patients' minds to accept the reality of life, let go of attachments and suffering, understand and accept the transformation of existence, and face death without fear, thus being prepared for a peaceful demise. When the practitioner's final moment is characterized by wholesome mental states, it leads to a mindful and good death, in accordance with the Buddhist path.

Guidelines of Four Foundation of Mindfulness Development in Bodhipakkhiyadhamma for Support the Insight Meditation Practice

Phramahanarong Panyawuttho (Lokaew) — 2025-11-19

This research article investigates on 3 objectives: (1) to study the Four Satipaṭṭhāna in Bodhipakkhiyadhamma, (2) to examine Buddhist teachings supporting the practice of Vipassana meditation, and (3) to propose guidelines for the Four Foundations of Mindfulness development in Bodhipakkhiyadhamma to enhance the practice of Vipassana meditation. This was qualitative research conducted through documentary analysis, drawing data from Theravada Buddhist scriptures and related documents. The findings are summarized, analyzed, organized, and presented in a descriptive narrative. The research findings indicated that guidelines for cultivating the Four Foundations of Mindfulness in Bodhipakkhiyadhamma to support Vipassana meditation are divided into four foundations: 1) practitioner with effort, mindfulness, and wisdom contemplates on body in six aspects to see them as they truly are: breath mindfulness, postures observing, clear comprehension, observing the 32 parts of the body, 4 elements, etc., to understand the Three Characteristics of the body and avoid heedlessness, 2) practitioner with effort, mindfulness, and wisdom contemplates on feelings in nine aspects to perceive the Three Characteristics: pleasant, painful, neutral feelings, pleasant feelings with attachment, pleasant feelings without attachment, painful feelings with attachment, painful feelings without attachment, neutral feelings with attachment, and neutral feelings without attachment, to recognize suffering, happiness, and the practice of letting go without clinging, 3) practitioner with effort, mindfulness, and wisdom contemplates on the mind to see the Three Characteristics in 16 aspects, such as knowing when the mind has lust or is free from lust, or when it is not liberated from defilements, to maintain mindfulness of one’s mental state and avoid being swayed by craving and defilements, 4) practitioner with effort, mindfulness, and wisdom contemplates Dhamma in five aspects to perceive the three characteristics: Five Hindrances, Five Aggregates, Twelve Sense Bases, Seven Factors of Enlightenment, and Four Noble Truths, to understand suffering, its cause, its cessation, and the path to its cessation, thereby supporting the progressive development of Vipassana meditation. The knowledge derived from this research is structured as the “KVCD Model.”

A MODEL OF INTERNATIONAL VIPASSANĀ PROPAGATION OF WAT PA RATTAPHUM VIPASSANĀ STUDIES CENTER, SONGKHLA PROVINCE

Phra Chayapon Chayabhalo (Chaitavorn) — 2025-11-19

This research article aims to: 1) study the model of Vipassanā propagation in the Theravāda Buddhist scriptures, 2) study the current model of Vipassanā propagation at the Wat Pa Rattaphum Vipassanā Studies Center, and 3) propose a new model for international Vipassanā propagation at the Wat Pa Rattaphum Vipassanā Studies Center, Songkhla province. This qualitative research applied document analysis and in-depth interviews with 27 key informants, including Vipassanā masters, practitioners, and related experts. The data were analyzed using content analysis and descriptive interpretation.

The findings revealed that 1) The propagation of Vipassanā meditation according to the Theravāda canon is firmly grounded in the triadic structure of Pariyatti, Paṭipatti, and Paṭivedha. This traditional framework remains highly relevant and applicable to addressing contemporary global challenges, especially within the volatile and complex dynamics of the VUCA world. It also aligns with the United Nations’ Inner Development Goals (IDGs) aimed at sustainable inner transformation. 2) The Vipassanā propagation model employed by the Wat Pa Pattaphum Vipassanā Studies Center is consistent with Theravāda principles, especially the Four Foundations of Mindfulness teaching, even though the teaching methods vary. All stakeholders expressed the need for a multidisciplinary approach—integrating online media, translation, psychological support, and institutional collaboration to enhance international dissemination. 3) The research synthesized a proposed model called the PPP+S Model, which stands for Pariyatti, Paṭipatti, Paṭivedha, and Sustainability (S) intended to provide a strategic and sustainable framework for the international propagation of Vipassanā meditation.

The knowledge gained has been presented to the abbot and monastic board to support the establishment of the International Vipassanā Foundation, which will serve as a platform for promoting high-quality, contemporary, and sustainable Vipassanā practices worldwide.

Kaap Phra Chai Suriya Poem: A Representation of the Governed Citizens based on Buddhist Principles in Sunthorn Phu’s Perspective

Panisa Thammachat — 2025-11-19

This research article focuses on 3 main objectives: (1) to study the representations of the governed citizen based on Buddhist principles in Sunthorn Phu’s perspective in Kaap Phra Chai Suriya poem, and (2) to examine the linguistic strategies used in conveying these representations based on Buddhist principles in Sunthorn Phu’s perspective in Kaap Phra Chai Suriya Poem. It was qualitative type of research using data collected from online sources, the Vajirayana website, including 119 stanzas of Sunthorn Phu’s “Kaap Phra Chai Suriya” and “Supasit Sorn Stree” analyzed by the frameworks of representation theory and linguistic strategy.

The result showed that 1) Sunthorn Phu presented a total of 8 representations of the governed citizens based on Buddhist principles including 4 positive representations of Govern citizens: Showing respect to the respectable people, being individuals with proper manners, Being practitioners of right livelihood. Conversely, other 4 negative representations also identified the governed citizens: Showing disrespect to the respectable people, being driven by sensual desire, Being dishonest, and Lacking of loving kindness. These representations are in accordance with Buddhist principles including the Thirty-Eight Blessings (Mangala Sutta), the Four Brahmaviharas, the Seven Qualities of a Good Person (Sappurisa-dhamma), the Five Precepts, and the Four Noble Truths. 2) There were 6 linguistic strategies used in conveying these representations based on Buddhist principles in Sunthorn Phu’s perspective including lexical choice, metaphor, allusion, sentence, presupposition and speech acts.

An Analytical Instructional Model for Teaching the Dhammapada via an Online Learning Platform

wattana khamken — 2025-11-19

This research paper aimed to: 1) To study the current conditions, curriculum, content, and instructional methods for teaching analytical Pali Dhammapada among Thai monks. 2) To examine the principles of online learning management and to develop a learning process for analytical Pali Dhammapada instruction in accordance with educational reform guidelines. 3) To create an innovative model for online learning of analytical Pali Dhammapada. This research is a qualitative study employing documentary research, field research, and action research. Data were collected from two administrators of monastic education institutes, ten Pali teachers, and ten Pali students.

The findings revealed that: 1) The current Dhammapada teaching system in Thai Sangha still employs traditional curriculum focusing on Pali-Thai translation, lacks content integration and practical application, and has an unsystematic evaluation process, resulting in only 10-20% pass rates; 2) The development of online teaching models should integrate multimedia, interactive elements, and efficient learning management systems; 3) The developed learning innovation comprises a comprehensive online learning management system covering content, assessment, and communication aspects, with Dhammapada content organized into six main categories: karma and its results, perfection cultivation, threefold training, cycle of existence, practice for defilement elimination, and nirvana attainment. This research highlights the necessity of modernizing Buddhist scriptural education to enhance its efficiency through the application of technology and learning innovations. Key recommendations include developing a comprehensive online Dhammapada teaching system covering the entire Tipitaka and conducting research to develop integrated applications for complete Tipitaka learning.

THE PROCESS OF PROMOTING MEDITATION ACCORDING TO THE TEACHINGS OF PHRA DHAMMAKOSAJARN BUDDHADASA BHIKKHU

Phra Thawan Chatapanyo (Chukaew) — 2025-11-25

This research article is a part of the research on “The Way of Practicing Anapanasati by Buddhadasa Bhikkhu According to the Principle of 4 Satipatthana”. The objectives of the study were: (1) to study the way of practicing Ānāpānasati according to the principle of Satipatthana 4 (2) to study the way of practicing Ānāpānasati according to the principles of Buddhadasa Bhikkhu (3) to present the analysis of the way of practicing Ānāpānasati by Buddhadasa Bhikkhu according to the principle of Satipatthana 4. This was qualitative research through documentary investigation.

The research results found that the way of practicing Ānāpānasati by Buddhadasa Bhikkhu according to the principle of 4 Satipatthana found is practicing Ānāpānasati based on following the teaching of Satipatthana as the standard practical tradition in Buddhism, namely, keeping the precepts, developing mindfulness, and developing concentration to create wisdom to experience the truth. The starting point of learning is practicing the contemplation of the body in Mahasatipatthana to have continuous mindfulness with sufficient power to see the arising, focusing on the destruction of the continuation of postures called Santati. Experiencing the arising and passing away of form and name consistently occur only of those who are with enough perseverance and strong faculties. The development of Ānāpānasati according to the principles of Buddhadasa Bhikkhu is a process to promote the study of meditation found in Theravada tradition which is a practical method to organize one’s thoughts in daily life, namely studying, working efficiently, developing one’s personality, and at the highest level, to use as a basis for the development of insight development. Meditation according to the teachings of Phra Dhammakosacharn (Buddhadasa Bhikkhu) refers to a practical method reaching to the Jhāna within the 4 Naya: Gaṇanānaya, Anubandhanānaya, Phusanānaya, and Ṭhapanānaya. There are also 4 other methods of Vipassana practice: Sallakkhanānaya, Vivaṭṭanānaya, Parisuddhinaya, and Tesañca Paṭipassanānaya called 16 levels of Ānāpānasati meditation, which will lead to the extinguishing of defilements. The development of insight meditation in Buddhism includes the practice of the principle of right mindfulness, using mindfulness and wisdom to continuously observe the four bases, namely a contemplating mindfulness that is firmly established in observing the body, feeling, the mind, and all phenomena or thought construction. A practitioner with wisdom observing the forms and name in all four bases until clearly experiencing the Four Noble Truths can be freed from all suffering.

The Model of Mental Development According to the Principle of Suddhavipassanā Development to Reduce Stress

Chutipon Bootsreemart — 2025-11-25

This article is a part of the dissertation entitled “Model of Mental development according to the Principle of Suddhāvipassana Development to Reduce Stress” containing the following objectives: 1) to study the principles of mental development according to the principle of Suddhāvipassana in Theravada Buddhism, 2) to study the state of stress affecting the mind, emotions, and body, 3) to present a model for mental development based on the principles of Suddhavipassana meditation to reduce stress. The research method was qualitative, emphasizing on document work and in-depth interviews with 16 key informants. The results showed that Suddhavipassana development is an approach to develop the mind to reduce stress and focusing on solving the root cause of stress. in Buddhism, stress arises without awareness of the rise and falls of thoughts of mind. This focuses on determining the present moment for improving the mind and changing it for the better in order to facilitate the normal functioning of various systems. This Suddhavipassana exercise aims at reorganizing thoughts in every moment because thoughts naturally are not organized and overwhelmed by anger, greed, and delusion, which results in stress, additionally helps reasoning with mindfulness by contemplating on Tilakkhana or changing state of all mental formations arising-falling consistently, as they really are. The results of this type of contemplation support the mindfulness advance, knowing the state of stress occurring, such as pressured feeling, distracted, confused, stress, anxiety, as well as being oppressed It will cause the state of the emotions that arise. The model calls “3 ร” or STP-3 model (S=self-knowing, T= truth knowing, P= present knowing).

The Buddhist Integrated Enhancement of The Quality of Life for The Terminally Ill at The Buddhist Hospice Care Centre, Wat Pa Non Sa-at in Nakhon Ratchasima Province

Sasiwimon Patasema — 2025-11-25

This research article contains the following objectives: 1) to investigate the concept of end-of-life care at the Buddhist Hospice Care Centre, Wat Pa Non Sa-at in Nakhon Ratchasima Province; 2) to examine the application of Buddhist principles in enhancing the quality of life for terminally ill patients at the Center; and 3) to propose a Buddhist-integrated model for improving the quality of life of end-of-life patients at the Center. It was qualitative research employing documentary research and fieldwork methods. The data collection tools included in-depth interviews with 20 key informants and participation in discussion forums. Data were analyzed using content analysis and presented in a descriptive-analytical format.

The research results revealed that the end-of-life care at the Buddhist Hospice Care Centre is based on the principle of Dhamma leading the world, with a strong emphasis on self-development through daily Dhamma practice 3 sessions per day and insight meditation in accordance with the Four Foundations of Mindfulness or Satipaṭṭhāna. This practice aims to cultivate mindfulness on 3 levels, serving as a foundation for patients to comprehend the nature of reality through the lens of the Three Characteristics. Guided by the concept “the body is ill, but the mind is not,” the Center prioritizes spiritual care and the cultivation of wholesome mental states over physical treatment. Core Buddhist principles employed include the 4 Phāvanā and Satisampajañña, promoting holistic self-development in four dimensions: physical, mental, social, and spiritual. As a result, patients develop a deeper awareness of the nature of life, which reduces fear of death, anxiety, and attachment.

The research proposed the LIVE Model as a framework for enhancing the quality of life of terminally ill patients through an integrated Buddhist approach. The model comprises four key components: L (Learn the Truth) – studying the truth of life through Dhamma practice; I (Integrate Holistic Well-being) – integrating well-being in all four dimensions based on the principles of the Pawana 4; V (Value Spiritual Development) – cultivating spiritual development through the role of a “Great Teacher” who offers Dhamma as a gift; and E (Enlighten to Let Go) – attaining wisdom and letting go, enabling patients to “be mindful, live well through the Buddhist way.” This model represents an innovative Buddhist-integrated approach that supports patients in facing aging, illness, and death without suffering, living meaningfully in the present, and departing with dignity in accordance with Buddhist wisdom.

Effects of Task-Based Reading Activities for Promoting Grade 5 Students’ Reading Comprehension Ability Using English Fables

Tavinun Jintapitakkul — 2025-11-25

This research article investigates for: 1) comparison of the English reading comprehension ability of grade 5 students before and after using Task-based reading activities with English fables, 2) study the students’ satisfaction toward learning by using Task-based reading activities with English fables. It was experimental research employing a one-group pretest-posttest design. The tool consists of: 1) 3 lesson plans based on task-based learning integrated with English fables to enhance English reading comprehensive skills, 2) A pretest and posttest to assess students’ English reading comprehension ability and 3) A satisfaction questionnaire on learning through task-based reading activities integrated with English fables. The data were analyzed using mean, standard division and t-test. The experiment was conducted with a sample group of 25 grade 5 students from Bann Khao Khansong School in the academic year 2025, selected through cluster random sampling technique.

The results were: 1) English reading comprehension ability of grade 5 students before and after using Task-based reading activities with English fables were significantly higher than before at .05. This improvement stemmed from the task‑based learning approaches clearly defined, sequential steps—arranged from simple to complex—that guided learners through each stage in a logical manner, thereby enhancing their comprehension skills. Moreover, integrating English fables into the task‑based activities further supported primary‑level students’ reading‑for‑understanding. The instructional design emphasized the reading process and targeted 6 specific subskills: 1) Identifying the main idea, 2) Locating supporting details, 3) Inferring word meanings from context, 4) Sequencing events, 5) Drawing conclusions and 6) Determining the moral or lesson of the text. 2) the students’ satisfaction toward learning by using Task-based reading activities with English fables was at the highest level. This positive response was attributed to the multifaceted nature of the reading tasks-comprising both tests and exercises, as well as diverse formative assessments conducted during the experimental period-each aligned with the fables’ content and appropriate to primary learners’ comprehension abilities. Furthermore, every phase of the assigned tasks was directly related to the reading material and well matched to the students’ cognitive and linguistic levels, thereby fostering both their engagement and their English reading development.

Model of Buddhist Scripture Studies: A Case study of Abidhammâvatâra Scripture

Phra Ratcharatnamuni — 2025-12-02

The research contains 3 objectives: 1) to study condition of Buddhist scripture study model in the case of Abidhammâvatâra, 2) to develop a Buddhist scripture study model in the case of Abidhammâvatâra, 3) to present Buddhist scripture study model in the case of Abidhammâvatâra. It was qualitative research conducted by using these tools; 1) document data survey as concern with Buddhist scripture tradition from Tipitaka, commentaries, sub-commentaries and others concerned documents, 2) data was taken from descriptive work took from an In-depth interview and focus group discussion.

Research results were found that: Abidhammâvatâra scripture was classified all 24 chapters, by summary its essential contents cover 4 main topics: Cit or consciousness, Cetasika or consciousness’ factors, Rupa or materials and Nibbana. The explanation had been written in both prose and poetry. Even less words but more with meaning, deep, wisely, camripped with matter and similarly with Abidhammattasangkhaha of Ven. Anuruddha, and Visuddhimagga part III, Pannanidesa of most Ven. Buddhagosa. This Abidhammâvatâra was regarded commentaries with written 2 sub-commentary texts which are old commentaries and Abidhammtthavisârini compiled by Ven. Sumongkalajarn. Summary for Paññāvimutti which referring to a liberation through wisdom, free by wisdom. According to Buddhism, these two words were found in Tipitaka and commentaries which signify various meanings, in some case it said that all Jhanacitta or mental liberation was Cetovimutti or mental freedom, it was a liberation type by suppression of all defilements by the power of trance, in some place it refers to Samādhi or concentration (Ekaggatacetasika) of Arahantaship state called Cetovimutti. The word Paññāvimutti in some statement of commentary said that it means the wisdom in Arahantaship, in some place, it mentions for Arahantaship attainment without entering into some level of trance state called Paññāvimutti.

The process of promoting health of the elderly using the principles of Vipassana meditation

Phrakhruvinaithon Jirapach Jittasophan (Metongsan) — 2025-11-25

This research article aims to: (1) examine the physical and mental well-being of the elderly and the processes for enhancing such well-being, (2) study the Vipassanā meditation as a means to promote physical and mental health among the elderly, and (3) present a practical framework for fostering holistic well-being through Vipassanā practice. This qualitative research employed in-depth interviews with 15 elderly practitioners at Wat Phichaya Yatikaram in Bangkok.

The findings revealed a profound interconnection between physical and mental well-being. Balanced development in both aspects significantly contributes to a sustainable quality of life. Good health, in this context, emerges from mindfulness, acceptance of life’s conditions, and effective coping mechanisms—whether through self-reliance or support from others. Vipassanā meditation was found to be a highly effective means of enhancing the holistic well-being of elderly individuals across 4 dimensions: physical, mental, social, and spiritual. Practitioners reported improved stress management, emotional stability, strengthened family relationships, and a renewed senses of meaning and purpose in life. Regular mindfulness practice, though simple, proved to be a powerful and sustainable tool for daily living. The process of enhancing well-being through Vipassanā is rooted in the Fourfold Training called Bhāvanā: 1) Kāyabhāvanā or Physical development: training of breath awareness and mindful movement, 2) Sīlabhāvanā or Moral cultivation: living ethically and harmoniously with others, 3) Cittabhāvanā or Mental cultivation: developing concentration and loving-kindness to reduce distraction and loneliness, 4) Paññābhāvanā or Wisdom development: contemplating impermanence and gaining deep insight into the nature of life and self. This training led to improvements in sleep quality, reduction in chronic pain, emotional resilience, and a positive attitude toward aging, illness, and death. In conclusion, Vipassanā meditation provides an effective and culturally appropriate model for promoting holistic well-being among the elderly in the Thai context—at individual, family, and community levels.

A Model for Strengthening Buddhist Unity in The Perspective Of Yothinburana School, Bangkok

Phra Chalermchai Adhivajirayo (Mattaraj) — 2025-11-25

This dissertation contains 3 objectives: 1) to study the unity-building from the perspective of Yothinburana School, Bangkok; 2) to examine the Buddhist principles that strengthening unity-building as perceived of Yothinburana School, Bangkok; and 3) to propose a model for strengthening the integrative Buddhist unity-building based on the perspective of Yothinburana School, Bangkok. This research employed a qualitative approach, involving documentary research and in-depth interviews. The research tool used was an in-depth interview guide. The key informants consist of 17 monks and laypersons. The data were analyzed using content analysis and presented in a descriptive-analytical format.

The research findings revealed that the promotion of unity at Yothinburana School was achieved through well-planned student activities designed to facilitate learning in accordance with specific objectives. The implementation involves introducing the activities, outlining procedures, and encouraging participation using active learning approach, motivational media employed to stimulate student interest and engagement, effective assessment and evaluation, leading to positive outcomes in terms of student participation and overall school unity enhancement. The Buddhist principle integrated into the activity framework to instill moral values and foster unity is the Six Saārānīya Dhamma or principles conducive to harmony. The forms of unity-building activities implemented at the school include Buddhist moral camps, scout camps, sports day, and volunteer service programs. The core contribution of this study was the development of the PVS Model for nurturing virtuous individuals within society, consisting of: 1.P = Physical Unity – unity through cooperative physical actions, 2.V = Verbal Unity – unity through harmonious speech, and 3.S = Spiritual Unity – unity through shared mental and emotional values. This model demonstrates a practical application of Buddhist teaching for promoting genuine and sustainable unity among students. Summary the knowledge gained is PVS Model.

Analysis of Sanghakamma in Uposathakhandhaka

Teerapetch Matpong — 2025-08-03

This academic article contains 2 objectives: 1) to study the history of Sanghakamma in Uposathakhandhaka, and 2) to analyze Sanghakamma in Uposathakhandhaka. It was qualitative research, done through analysis, compilation and reported in descriptive type. Its results showed that the history of Sanghakamma or Sangha’s affairs in Uposathakhandhaka which had been established by the Buddha to meet of already Bhikkhus, for monastic activities, allowed Sima, Uposatha Hall, recitation of Patimokkha in brief, questioning and explanation of the Vinaya, the lawsuits, the objection to wrong deeds, the invitation of the person who raised Patimokkha to show, the learning of the fortnight counting method, Pubbakarana and Pubbakicca, Pārisuddhi giving, Chanda giving, the method of the offense resolving, the method of offense revealing, the unprohibited person in Uposatha, and the analysis of Sanghakamma in Uposathakhandhaka showed that it was related to Sima which is a place to perform Sangha’s affairs, it indicates where Sangha performs their duties, with clear marking boundary.

The Lanna Version Vohalaabhidhammamatika Manuscripts:Transliteration, Verification And Analysis

Phra Khru Chairattanabanphot Phuthai Surindon — 2025-11-25

This research article aims to achieve 3 objectives: 1) to transliterate the Lanna version of Abhidhamma Matika for better accessibility and comprehension, 2) to examine and verify the accuracy of Pali language usage within the text, 3) to analyze the manuscript to understand its rhetorical and linguistic characteristics. It was document-based research using primary sources from the Lanna version of Abhidhamma Matika. The findings revealed that the rhetorical and linguistic styles used in the text reflect the literary traditions of Theravāda Buddhism transmitted and preserved in the Lanna region. The manuscript holds significant value in the preservation and dissemination of Buddhist philosophical wisdom in Lanna. The process of transliteration is crucial in making the content more accessible for study and interpretation, especially in the modern era, where ancient Lanna language may pose challenges in comprehension. The transliteration begins with the collection of existing manuscripts, followed by verification to ensure textual accuracy. Then, the content is translated and refined for clarity, with necessary adjustments to suit academic Buddhist studies. Through analytical examination, the study highlights the distinctive rhetoric and expressions used in communicating Abhidhamma principles, distinguishing them from vernacular Buddhist discourse and other religious contexts. This research not only contributes to textual clarity but also plays a role in cultural and intellectual preservation, allowing Lanna Buddhist traditions to continue thriving in Thai society.

Learning management by using the Phenomenon-based learning model with a Board game for developing the Scientific concept, Science process skills, and Learning Retention on Force in daily life of grade 5 students

Pathomwong Khumbud — 2025-11-25

This research aimed to: (1) compare fifth-grade students’ scientific conceptions of everyday forces before and after instruction using a phenomenon-based learning model integrated with a board game; (2) examine the development of these conceptions across the instructional intervention; (3) evaluate students’ scientific-process skills related to everyday forces after instruction against a 70 percent performance criterion; and (4) investigate the retention of learning on everyday forces among students taught through the same instructional approach. The research participants were nine fifth graders from Wat Ploy Krachang Sri School (Boon Yang Ratnawee Upathamman). The instruments comprised: (1) five lesson plans combining phenomenon-based learning with board-game activities; (2) a 25-item scientific-conception test, in two parts—Part 1: multiple-choice (one correct answer among four options, including distractors); Part 2: multiple-choice reasoning items (four optionseach);and (3) a scientific-process skills assessment consisting of five contextual scenarios, each featuring six integrated-process questions. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics (means, standard deviations, percentages) and inferential statistics using dependent-sample t-tests, one-sample t-tests, and relative gain scores. Results indicated that: (1) students’ scientific conceptions of everyday forces were significantly higher after instruction than before; (2) the development in those conceptions was rated as high; (3) students’ scientific-process skills related to everyday forces exceeded the 70 percent criterion following instruction; and (4) students retained their understanding of everyday forces, with no significant difference in conception-test scores immediately after instruction versus two weeks later.

Transformational Leadership in Digital Age of School Administrators under Nonthaburi Primary Educational Service Area Office 2

Pharisa Khonjgarearn — 2025-11-25

This research article aimed to: 1) study the transformational leadership in the digital era of school administrators, and 2) compare teachers’ opinions toward transformational leadership in the digital era of school administrators under the Office of Nonthaburi Primary Educational Service Area 2, classified by gender, age, educational level, work experience, and school size. The research tools was a questionnaire with content validity values ranging from .67 to 1.00 and a reliability coefficient of .99. The statistical methods used for data analysis included frequency distribution, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and LSD for pairwise comparison.

Research findings revealed that 1. The overall and aspect-specific levels of transformational leadership in the digital era of school administrators were rated at a high level. The highest mean score was for the aspect of individualized consideration, followed by intellectual stimulation, idealized influence, and inspirational motivation, respectively. 2. The comparison of teachers’ opinions toward transformational leadership in the digital era of school administrators classified by gender showed statistically significant differences at the .01 level, both overall and in each aspect. When classified by age, educational level, and work experience, no statistically significant differences were found. However, when classified by school size, there were statistically significant differences at the .05 level in the overall score. Significant differences were found between small and large schools.
Additionally, for the aspect of idealized influence, statistically significant differences at the .05 level were found between small and medium-sized schools, large schools, and extra-large schools.

An Analysis of Anupubbikatha for the Attainment of Dhamma

PhraPutpaibool kumvilanon (Aphiwathao) — 2025-11-25

This research has two objectives: 1) To study Anupubbikatha (Gradual Instruction) in the scriptures of Theravāda Buddhism, and 2) To analyze Anupubbikatha as a means for the realization of Dhamma.This is a documentary research that involves studying data from Theravāda Buddhist scriptures, namely the Tipiṭaka, its commentaries (Aṭṭhakathā), and other related texts such as the Visuddhimagga. The research was reviewed and revised under the guidance of academic advisors and experts, and the findings are presented in a descriptive and narrative format. From the study, it was found that Anupubbikatha in Theravāda Buddhist scriptures refers to the gradual method of preaching that the Buddha employed to prepare the minds of his listeners for understanding the Four Noble Truths. Its essential components are as follows: Dāna (Generosity): Emphasizes the value of giving—of wealth, wisdom, and compassion—as a foundation for both present and future well-being. Sīla (Morality): Focuses on the purification of bodily, verbal, and mental actions by abstaining from harmful behavior towards oneself and others. Sagga (Heaven): Describes the blissful realms attained through pure merit, inspiring firm commitment to generosity and morality. Nīvaraṇa (Hindrances): Points to the importance of removing craving and attachment from the mind as a preparation for the path, leading to liberation from suffering. Ariyasacca (Four Noble Truths): Once craving is abandoned and the mind is supported by morality and concentration, the practitioner is ready to realize the ultimate truths: suffering, its cause, its cessation, and the path leading to its cessation. Anupubbikatha thus bridges the foundational practices of generosity and morality with the core of Buddhist realization.Regarding Anupubbikatha as a means to realization: It is a sequential method of Dhamma exposition that gradually leads the listener’s mind toward deeper truths and prepares it to receive profound teachings. Typically, it consists of five topics: 1) Dānakathā – Discourse on generosity
2) Sīlakathā – Discourse on morality 3) Saggakathā – Discourse on heavenly realms 4)Kāmādinavakathā–Discourse on the dangers of sensual pleasures 5) Nekkhamānisaṃsakathā – Discourse on the benefits of renunciation Anupubbikatha is thus a process that refines the mind from coarse to subtle states, opening it up to receive the profound teaching of the Four Noble Truths (Dukkha, Samudaya, Nirodha, Magga), which lies at the heart of realization in Buddhism.

Analysis of the Emergence of Adaptation-Knowledge in Practicing Vipassana Meditation

Phra Charuporn Tapasīlo Kongkathip — 2025-11-25

This research contains 2 objectives: 1) to study the Anulomañāṇa or adaptation-knowledge in Theravada Buddhist texts and 2) to analyze the emergence of Anulomañāṇa for Vipassana meditation practice. This study was documentary research, examining data from Theravada Buddhist scriptures and various related documents. The data were analyzed, summarized, and compiled in descriptive analysis.

The research results revealed that Anulomañāṇa or adaptation-knowledge in refers to a knowledge leading to comprehend of the Noble Truths. It functions of agreeing with the basic Vipassana knowledge and contemplating on the true nature of phenomena; form, feeling, perception, mental formations, and consciousness as impermanent, suffering, and non-self, in accordance with the 37 Bodhipakkhiyadhamma. It was recognized as the final state of worldly Vipassana knowledge, which surely leads to the perfect attainment of the Noble Path and Noble Fruition. The emergence of Anulomañāṇa in the development of Vipassana meditation begins with the cultivation of four Satipaṭṭhāna, contemplating on the true state of form and name including observing the body conditions, such as the in-and-out breath, sensations such as happiness, suffering, and indifference, and mental states such as lust, anger, and delusion, and Dhamma observing such as realizing the Four Noble Truths: suffering, its origin, its cessation, and the path, contemplating on the Seven Purifications, a method for purifying the mind that progressively completes the Three Trainings. Upon reaching the Anulomañāṇa stage, the mind reviews by contemplating through Udayabbaya-ñāna up to Sankhārūpekkhāñāṇa, preparing for access to the sixteen Vipassanā-ñāna, namely, the path, the fruition, and nirvana, respectively.

The Analysis of Practices for the End of Karma According to Theravada Buddhism

Somkid Klinkanha — 2025-12-02

This research article aims at 2 objectives: 1) to study Kamma in Theravada Buddhist scriptures and 2) to study how to practice for the cessation of Kamma according to Theravada Buddhist teaching. This research was documentary research by studying data from Theravada Buddhist scriptures and related documents by organizing, analyzing, summarizing and describing the data. The research results showed that Kamma is divided into 3 types and 12 kinds: 1) Classifying the results, namely Janakakamma or action leading to rebirth; Upatthambhakakamma or supporting actions; Upapīlakakamma or resulting actions; and Upaghātakakamma or cutting off actions. 2) Classifying the order of result giving, namely Garukamma or actions resulting first; Pahulakamma or accustomed actions; Āsannakamma or nearly death actions; and Katattākamma or fruitless actions. 3) Classifying the time of giving results, namely Ditthadhamma-vedaniyakamma or actions resulting in the present; Uppajjavedanīyakamma or actions resulting in next life; Aparāpariyavedyaniyakamma or actions resulting in after next life; and Ahosikamma or actions ceasing the results. The practice for the end of Kamma according to Theravada Buddhism refers to Vipassana following according to the Noble Eightfold Path summarized into the Tisikkhā teaching as follows: 1) Adhisīlasikkhā or morality training, including right speech, no lies, not harshly speaking, not rudely speaking, right actions including not killing animals, not stealing, and right livelihood including not engaging in immoral works. 2) Adhicittasikkhā or mind training including right effort, not abandoning evil, developing moral deeds, right mindfulness including observing the body, feelings, mind, and thought, and right concentration including developing meditation to calm the mind. 3) Adhipaññāsikkhā or wisdom training for realizing the truth, including right view including not knowing the Four Noble Truths, and right thought including thinking to abandon lust, not being vengeful, not harming.

Management of the Sangha according to the strategic plan for reforming Buddhist affairs

Phra Maha Phakbhumi Bhahmathi — 2025-11-25

This article entitled “Management of the Sangha according to the strategic plan for reforming Buddhist affairs” focuses on analysis of the Sangha administration according to the 20-year strategic plan for reforming Buddhist affairs which is divided into 4 phases: Phase 1 (2017-2021) is the year of the beginning of the reform of Buddhist affairs, starting with improving the work process to be transparent, in accordance with the good governance, and accepted by all stakeholders; Phase 2 (2022-2026) is the strengthening of the Buddhist organization by integrating all aspects of the Sangha's work processes; Phase 3 (2027-2031) is the strengthening of the Buddhist organization through learning and developing to improve the quality of society, Phase 4 (2575-2579) by using 4 strategies in the operation: (1) Creating stability in Buddhism, (2) Upgrading the internal management process, (3) Developing a Buddhist learning organization, (4) Having sufficient resources to drive Buddhist activities. Now, the driving of the activities of the Buddhist reform has reached Phase 2, which tends to be successful according to the important roles in the management of the Sangha organization, namely (1) Administration (2) Religious education (3) Educational assistance (4) Buddhism propagation (5) Public utilities and 6) Public welfare, in accordance with the vision in the strategic plan that "Strong Buddhism, upholding morality, leading to sustainable peaceful society"

The Rise and Fall Insight: A Key Turning Point in Theravāda Vipassanā Practice

Phrasamu Kongnaphat Tanakaro (Watthanabovornyothin) — 2025-11-25

This academic article aims to analyze Udayabbayānupassanā-ñāṇa or the Insight into Arising and Ceasing, recognized as the fourth stage of the sixteen insight knowledges and regarded as the true beginning of Vipassanā investigation in Theravāda Buddhism. The study employs documentary research methodology by examining primary Pāli canonical texts, commentaries, the Visuddhimagga, and the works of prominent Vipassanā masters. Findings indicate that this insight serves as the pivotal core of wisdom development, marking the transition from conceptual knowledge to experiential realization. Practitioners who reach this stage begin to perceive the impermanence of physical and mental phenomena clearly, observing their rapid arising and ceasing, thus cultivating insight into the Three Characteristics called Tilakkhaṇa. At this point, the meditator must also overcome the ten Vipassanūpakkilesa or defilements of insight, which commonly arise in the early stages of this Ñāṇa. The study concludes that Udayabbayānupassanā-ñāṇa is not merely a stage among many, but a foundational turning point that ensures proper meditative progress toward liberation according to the Buddha’s path.

Applying the Principles of Pañca Bala from the Tipiṭaka to Develop Life Skills for the 21st Century

Phrachanuwat Tdammawattano Chawilak — 2025-11-25

This study focuses on the application of the teaching of Pañca Bala found in the Tipitaka to develop life skills in the 21st century. The Pañca Bala or 5 Powers consist of Saddhā (wholesome belief) Viriya (effort in practice) Sati (Mindfulness) Samādhi (Steadfastness of mind) and Paññā (right knowledge and understanding), all of which are principles that can enhance individuals’ abilities to effectively face the challenges of the modern world. In the 21st century, essential life skills include critical thinking, creative problem-solving, managing emotions and stress, and working effectively with others. This study suggests that 5 Powers can be a valuable framework for developing such skills by linking each principle to essential life skills, such as: Faith supports self-confidence and emotional resilience; Viriya promotes perseverance and endurance in self-development; Sati enhances awareness and emotional management; Samādhi enhances competence, focus, and planning; and Paññā helps in making decisions and solving problems rationally.

The results of the study show that the application of the 5 Powers to develop life skills help individuals adapt and develop oneself to be in line with the needs of the rapidly changing world. It is also a guideline helping the enhancement of happiness and balance in individual and social life. This study therefore provides guidelines for life skills development using Buddhist teachings as a base to create good and sustainable well-being in the present era.

The Role of Sārānīya-dhamma in Conflict Management for Peaceful Community Development

Phrakhruwachirakunaphiwat Somkid Ñānadīpo — 2025-12-02

This academic article aims to present the 6 Sārānīya-Dhamma as found in the Theravāda Tipiṭaka and to analyze their roles for conflict management and the promotion of peaceful community development. The Sārānīya-Dhamma consists of (1) acts of loving-kindness through the body, (2) acts of loving-kindness through speech, (3) acts of loving-kindness through the mind, (4) sharing of benefits, (5) moral harmony, and (6) right view concord in community. These principles emphasize harmonious coexistence based on compassion, trust, and mutual respect. The application of these principles can reduce internal community conflicts, foster open communication, strengthen cooperation, and encourage collective consciousness in problem-solving. Sārānīya-Dhamma is not merely a set of moral guidelines but it serves as a powerful social tool for cultivating a culture of unity that supports sustainable community development. Promoting equality in moral discipline helps establish shared ethical standards, while having right view creates a unified worldview that reduces division and avoids conflict arising from differing perspectives. Case studies of communities that have integrated Sārānīya-Dhamma into local policies and community activities reveal that such communities tend to become more peaceful, united, and capable of resolving internal issues non-violently. Members develop a sense of solidarity and a shared commitment to maintaining a livable and harmonious community. Therefore, the benefits of Sārānīya-Dhamma is not only a means of individual moral development but also a foundation for building a culture of concord, uplifting people’s minds and ways of life through deeper understanding, empathy, and enduring peaceful coexistence.

The use of the Four Noble Truths in psychotherapy and treatment of mental illness

Phrakhru Sitthisornkun Thirachitto — 2025-12-02

This article aims to study the application of the Four Noble Truths for psychotherapy and mental illnesses treatment, emphasizing the implementation of Buddhist teachings to help patients understand and cope with suffering with mindfulness and wisdom. The Four Noble Truths, consisting of suffering, its origin, its cessation, and the path, play an important role in helping patients see the origin of suffering (Samudaya) and find ways to reduce or extinguish that suffering (Nirodha) through practicing the path leading to mental development and mental health rehabilitation. The application of the Four Noble Truths can help patients understand the nature of suffering and be able to deal with mental problems mindfully, as well as reduce anxiety and stress sustainably. The results of the study show that training and practicing the Four Noble Truths plays an important role in restoring mental health and can be an effective tool in treating mental illnesses in the present era.

This article focuses on studying the application of the Four Noble Truths because currently, psychotherapy and treatment of mental illnesses have received increasing attention in the medical and psychological fields. There are various methods used to help treat and cure patients. One of the principles with potential for treatment and treatment is the Four Noble Truths. These principles help patients understand and deal with suffering effectively by using wisdom and mental practice to release from suffering and lead to a state of recovery from mental illness. It can be an important tool in improving the quality of life of patients and reducing mental problems in the long term.

Application of the Buddha's principle of "mindfulness" to promote a balanced way of life for Buddhists in contemporary Thai society

Phra Dhammamanu Aphiwattano Lohacharoen — 2025-12-02

This research article aims to study the Buddha’s teachings of mindfulness and how to apply the teaching in daily life. In the present era, which is full of haste, stress, and uncertainty in daily life, living with mindfulness become very important. Mindfulness in Buddhism is not just about concentration or momentary awareness, but is an important Dhamma element that plays a role for leading the mind to peace, wisdom, and living life in accordance with Dhamma principles.

This article aims to present the concept and guidelines for applying mindfulness teaching of the Buddha in the daily life of Buddhists to benefit their lives, work, relationships, and meditation in a simple but valuable way. The mindfulness according to the teachings of the Buddha is not just a theoretical Dharma, but an important tool that can be applied in real life, whether in work, decision-making, emotional management, or coping with suffering. By being aware and aware of the present, the mind surely becomes calm and does not become a slave to distractions or emotions. When Buddhists can apply mindfulness in daily life appropriately, it will lead to a simple but meaningful life, leading to self-development in both mental and intellectual aspects, which will lead to true happiness according to the principles of Buddhism. Buddhists who adhere to the teachings of the Buddha have been encouraged to apply the principle of mindfulness to their way of life, whether in their family, work, or even in making decisions about various matters in life. Therefore, the application of the teachings of mindfulness is not just for monks or practitioners in temples, but also for people in general who seek happiness, balance, and self-understanding in every stage of their lives.