Community and Social Development Journal

Principals’ Leadership Styles and Teacher Retention in Secondary Schools in Ibadan Metropolis, Nigeria: A Mixed-Methods Study

2026-03-24T13:33:37+07:00

Teacher retention remains a major challenge in secondary schools in Nigeria. This study investigated the influence of principals’ leadership styles on teacher retention in public secondary schools in Ibadan Metropolis, Oyo State. A mixed-methods research design combining descriptive survey and qualitative interviews was adopted. Data were collected from 420 participants (20 principals and 400 teachers) selected from 20 secondary schools across five Local Government Areas using a multi-stage sampling technique involving purposive, stratified, and simple random sampling. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, multiple regression, and one-way ANOVA with SPSS. Results indicated that transformational leadership (β = 0.462) was the strongest predictor of teacher retention, followed by democratic leadership (β = 0.298) and transactional leadership (β = 0.149), while autocratic leadership negatively predicted retention (β = −0.241). Leadership styles explained 62.7% of the variance in teacher retention (R² = 0.627). Qualitative findings further highlighted communication, administrative support, fairness, and professional development as key factors influencing teacher retention. The study concludes that transformational and democratic leadership practices significantly enhance teacher retention in Nigerian secondary schools.

Navigating Identity and Education: A Qualitative Study of the Experiences of Muslim Learners in Philippine Public Junior High School

2026-03-25T14:03:58+07:00

This study explored the lived experiences of Muslim learners in a public junior high school in Tanauan City, Philippines. The research examined how Muslim students navigated their cultural identity, social interactions, and learning experiences within a predominantly non-Muslim school environment. Despite increasing attention to multicultural education, limited research had examined the everyday experiences of Muslim learners in Philippine public schools, particularly outside predominantly Muslim regions. Understanding these experiences was important in a country shaped by a long history of conflict, peace-building initiatives, and ongoing efforts toward social cohesion and inclusive development.

A qualitative research design was employed to capture the participants’ lived experiences. Data were gathered through face-to-face semi-structured interviews were conducted with six Muslim students enrolled at Tanauan City Integrated High School during the 2022–2023 academic year. The data were analyzed through thematic analysis to identify patterns and meanings in the participants’ narratives.
The analysis generated six major themes: cultural practices, social interactions, encountered challenges, adjustment strategies, teachers’ classroom management styles, and school climate. The findings revealed that Muslim culture strongly shaped the learners’ values and daily practices. At the same time, the students experienced cultural misunderstandings, language barriers, and the need to adapt to unfamiliar school norms. Despite these challenges, the learners demonstrated resilience and maintained their cultural identity while interacting with non-Muslim peers and teachers. Their experiences reflected the principles of the Salad Bowl Theory, which emphasized the coexistence of diverse cultural identities within a multicultural society.
This study contributed to the growing literature on multicultural education in the Philippine context by highlighting how minority students negotiated identity, belonging, and adaptation in mainstream school settings. The findings also underscored the role of inclusive educational practices in promoting intercultural understanding, peace, and social harmony. The study recommended peer language tutoring, teacher orientation on cultural sensitivity, and institutional support programs to better address the needs of Muslim learners.

Assistive Technology and Mathematics for Learners with Disabilities

2026-05-07T16:36:49+07:00

This study explored the integration of assistive technology (AT) in mathematics instruction for learners with disabilities at Tanauan School of Fisheries during the School Year 2024–2025. It examined the common difficulties encountered by learners, the assistive technologies used by teachers, the challenges faced in implementation, and the support needed for effective integration. The research utilized a descriptive-qualitative design, involving seven mathematics teachers who participated in structured interviews. Findings indicated that learners with disabilities commonly faced challenges such as mathematics anxiety, low self-esteem, difficulty processing mathematical concepts, and sensory impairments. Teachers integrated various assistive technologies, including visual aids, interactive platforms like Kahoot and Khan Academy, and adaptive tools such as screen readers and tactile graphics. Despite their benefits, implementation was hindered by inadequate training, limited resources, and lack of institutional support. The study underscores that for AT to be effective, comprehensive support in the form of financial assistance, professional development, and strong administrative commitment is essential. It concludes that AT can significantly enhance inclusivity, engagement, and mathematical achievement when integrated systematically into instruction.

Factors Influencing Consumer Trust and Buying Behavior in the Live Streaming Commerce in Thailand: A Qualitative Interview Study

2026-05-07T22:25:26+07:00

This study explores the factors shaping consumer trust and buying behavior in the live streaming commerce in Thailand. Using a qualitative approach, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 live shoppers and 10 live streamers who had direct experience buying or selling through Facebook Live and TikTok Live. The collected interview data were analyzed through thematic analysis to identify key themes and meaningful insights on consumer trust and buying behavior in live streaming commerce. The results identify six interrelated factors that shape trust and buying behavior: reputation, expertise, after-sales service, responsiveness, perceived price fairness, and cash on delivery (COD). These factors show that consumer trust in live streaming commerce is shaped not only by seller credibility and product knowledge, but also by real-time interaction, post-purchase support, fair pricing, and safer payment options. This study addresses a gap in the literature by providing in-depth qualitative evidence on trust formation and buying behavior, an area that remains underexplored in existing qualitative studies on live streaming commerce. The findings are valuable to local sellers and digital entrepreneurs in building consumer trust, enhancing buying behavior, and supporting the economic sustainability of live streaming commerce.