Community and Social Development Journal

Negative Brand Experiences and Purchase Intention of Green Wall Coating Brands: The Mediating Effect of Brand Identity

Kongliang Zhu — 2024-05-09

The purpose of this study was 1) to explore the impact of consumers' negative experiences with green wall coating brands on the brand identity of wall paint, 2) to analyze the effects of brand identity with green wall coating brands on purchase intentions, and 3) to test the mediating effect of green brand identity. Utilizing a quantitative research approach and simple random sampling technique, this study engaged 402 Chinese respondents aged 18 and older, all of whom had relevant purchase experiences with green wall coating products. The data collected were subjected to Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to assess model fit, as well as to establish the validity and reliability of the variables used in the study. The findings of this research revealed that all four dimensions of negative brand experience, which include negative functional experience (β =-0.189), negative emotional experience (β=-0.308), negative cognitive experience (β=-0.444), and negative social value experience (β=-0.134), have a negative impact on green brand identity. Additionally, the study confirmed a positive relationship between green brand identity and the intention to purchase green wall coating brands (β=0.655). Finally, the study established that green brand identity acts as a partial mediator between negative brand experiences (negative functional experience, negative emotional experience, negative cognitive experience, and social value negative experience) and the purchase intention of green wall coating brands (β_3a=-0.124; β_3b=-0.054; β_3c=-0.126; β_3d=-0.050). In light of these findings, this research provides specific and practical recommendations and improvement strategies for businesses within the green wall coating industry. These insights are aimed at enhancing their services and bolstering their competitive advantage.

Environmental Laws Awareness and Green Household Practices among Pre-service Teachers of Batangas State University-JPLPC Malvar, Philippines

Genalyn P. Lualhati — 2024-05-09

The significance of schools and educators in fostering environmental awareness cannot be overstated. This descriptive correlational study aims to evaluate the level of awareness of environmental laws and the adoption of green household practices among pre-service teachers at a state university in the Philippines. By utilizing a modified research questionnaire and appropriate statistical analyses, the study reveals that respondents possess awareness of the environmental laws in place in the Philippines. When it comes to green household practices, respondents practiced waste management and demonstrate a high practice of resource management. Upon correlating these two variables, a significant relationship emerges, underscoring the influence of pre-service teachers' environmental law awareness on their adoption of green household practices. To further enhance environmental awareness and promote sustainable living, the study recommends the implementation of seminars or webinars that focus on imparting knowledge about green household practices and their role in fostering sustainability.

The Face and Politeness on Philippine Press Briefings: A Content Analysis

Love Faith B. Dalisay — 2024-05-10

Face of the speaker and hearer matters in a communication. This qualitative study employing the content analysis was conducted to understand the different types of face threatening acts and politeness strategies in Press Briefings. There were 12 corpora used in this study. Results revealed that Face Threatening Acts have impacts on the hearer and speaker’s face. This study found two types of faces to the hearer’s face. First is the negative face and followed by the positive face. Each has its own elements which provided wider perspectives on the influence of language in the contexts of discourse. From the corpora, there is only one face which is the negative face. In particular, this presented about the expression of thanks. Moreover, the politeness strategies identified were bald on, positive, negative, and off-record. Face Threatening Acts transpired in the Press Briefings of the Malacañang Palace. Each face was threatened or affected by the exchange of discourses. In can be noted that speaker and hearer’s echelon matters in the presentation of faces. One has the control and the other has to follow. This manifested that imposition changed someone’s face. Furthermore, different elements were indicated in each of the politeness strategies. The utilization of politeness markers makes a difference in preserving and affecting the face of the speaker and the interlocutor. Notwithstanding, this concludes that press briefings are rich sources of information that may deepen the explanation of Face Threatening Acts as well as the politeness strategies.

Same Same or Different?: Comparing Perceived Internationalization, Experiences and Satisfaction of Domestic and International Tertiary Students in Thailand

Rowena C. Alcoba — 2024-05-14

There appears to be a lack of literature analyzing and comparing experiences and behavior of foreign and domestic tertiary students in non-traditional destinations. Using quantitative approach, this study examined and compared how international and home students in Thailand perceive the extent of internationalization of their host institution, their sense of belongingness, discriminatory experiences and satisfaction. Findings showed that both groups of students did not perceive differently the academic, social and organizational dimensions of internationalization. However, foreign students felt a stronger sense of belongingness and higher level of satisfaction than their local counterparts. They had a more positive perception of the course contents and the university’ s physical environment. They indicated less positive perception of the availability of opportunities to socialize, to participate in exchange study, and to use the English language in learning and communication. The differing perceptions and attitudes of domestic and foreign students suggest that the institution may consider to further develop and improve the various aspects of internationalization in order to satisfy their needs and enhance their student experience.

Factors Affecting the Weaving Wisdom Management of the Weaving Group Members in Luang Prabang Province, Lao People’s Democratic Republic

Somchay Phaignavon — 2024-05-14

The purpose of this research was to study basic personal, social, economic and factors related to weaving wisdom management of members of Luang Prabang Weaving Group. Lao People's Democratic Republic By collecting data from members of the weaving group of Luang Prabang Province, Lao PDR; The data was collected by the questionnaires from 326 samples of weaving group in 15 villages The sample group were sampled using a computational method and using descriptive statistics to analyze frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation and conducting Enter Multiple Regression Analysis

The findings of this study revealed that sampling average age group are 50.12 years old; 82.8 percent of sampling group are weaving as their major job; 85 percent are registered as weaving group members; and had 29.35 years of experience, the annual family income from weaving activities totaling around 20,279 Thai Baths (THB) and the factors related to knowledge management of weaving wisdom among weaving group members in Luang Prabang Province Lao People's Democratic Republic. It was found that all 15 independent variables had 47.50 percent (R² =0.475) of weaving wisdom knowledge management of the members of the weaving group in LuangPrabang Province. The remaining 52.50 percent were influential from other factors not determined in this study. and when considering the independent variables affecting knowledge management of weaving wisdom in Luang Prabang province. statistically significant It was found that there were altogether 3 variables, with 2 positive effects, namely the position in the village. Receiving information about weaving and negatively affecting one variable, experience about weaving. which has a statistically significant correlation at the 0.05 level.

Approaches to Developing the Manufacturing Industry of Small and Medium Enterprises for Readiness Towards Large Businesses in Thailand

Nilawan Sawangrat — 2024-05-09

This research aims to 1) study the structure and operational characteristics of the manufacturing industry in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Thailand for readiness towards becoming large-scale businesses; 2) investigate the components of development approaches for the manufacturing industry in SMEs for readiness towards becoming large-scale businesses; and 3) develop a structural equation model (SEM) for the development approaches of the manufacturing industry in SMEs for readiness towards becoming large-scale businesses. The study employed a mixed-methodology approach, incorporating both quantitative and qualitative research. The qualitative research involved in-depth interviews with a sample of 9 experts from 3 different groups: 3 entrepreneurs or executives in the manufacturing industry, three from the government sector, and three academics. For quantitative research, data was collected via surveys from 500 entrepreneurs or executives and analyzed using frequency, percentage, average, standard deviation, and structural equation modeling (SEM) with the advanced statistical analysis software AMOS.

The research on the general characteristics of organizations found that they have been operating for 10-15 years, are predominantly Thai-owned, use financial institutions for funding, are established as limited companies, and mostly have offices located in Thailand. In terms of structure and operational characteristics, the research revealed that the most suitable business strategy for these organizations is creating a product advantage, emphasizing mentorship systems from knowledgeable employees, and key leadership qualities, including treating colleagues with kindness and generosity and developing leadership at various levels focusing on experience, comprehensive knowledge, and business expertise.
The study on the importance of different components indicated that all aspects were highly important, with the order of importance from highest to lowest being digital technology, entrepreneurial leadership, knowledge management, and innovative organization. The results of the analysis of the structural equation model for small and medium-sized enterprises management for sustainable strength found that the chi-squared probability (CMIN-r) was 0.128, the relative chi-squared (CMIN/DF) was 1.126, the GFI was 0.955, and the root mean squared index of error estimation (RMSEA) was 0.015. It can be concluded that the model is consistent with the empirical data.

Critical Leadership of School Administrators Under the Office of Primary and Secondary Education Service Area in Loei Province

Theerapong Pakdeesan — 2024-06-12

The objective of this research is 1) to study the level of critical leadership of school administrators according to the opinions of teachers under the Office of Primary and Secondary Educational Service Area in Loei Province, and 2) to compare the level of critical leadership of school administrators according to the opinions of teachers under the Primary and Secondary Educational Service Area Office in Loei Province, classified by education, affiliation, and work experience. Which the population includes Teachers under the Primary and Secondary Educational Service Area Office in Loei Province for the academic year 2022 total 3,893 people, and the sample group used in this study was teachers in schools under the Primary and Secondary Educational Service Area Office in Loei Province in the academic year 2022, totaling 354 people. The instrument used in the study was a questionnaire regarding critical leadership characteristics of school administrators, consisting of 40 questions. There is a consistency between the questions and the objective is between 0.60-1.00 with the entire confidence value being 0.982. Statistics used in research namely mean, standard deviation, t-test, analysis of one-way variance, and pairwise mean differences were tested using Scheffe's method. Finding were as follows: 1) the Primary and Secondary Educational Service Area Office in Loei Province has a high degree of critical leadership in its overall management of school administrators, when considering each aspect, it was found that it was at a high level in every aspect, arranged from highest to lowest average as follows; cultural diversity, change, empowerment, and ethics, and 2) the findings of comparing teachers' perceptions of the critical leadership of school officials under the Primary and Secondary Educational Service Area Offices in Loei Province, classified by educational level, affiliation, and work experience, are similar in terms of the overall situation as well as income.

Factors Affecting Consumers in Making Decisions in Using Robinhood for Food Delivery in Bangkok

Thanakon Ratchatakulpat — 2024-06-18

The research purpose to study factors affecting consumers in making decisions in using Robinhood for food delivery in Bangkok. By study in factor related and those factors are customer service, quick response, price and characteristics of service provider. Those factors are necessary to study for the need of consumers in making decisions in using Robinhood for food delivery regarding to the selection of service provider. The population samples were the consumer who use Robinhood for food delivery in Bangkok. The selection of sample based on a convenient sampling technique for 400 samples. Questionnaires were used to collect data. Statistic used in data analysis method were percentage, average data, standard deviation. Moreover, testing relationship between independent viable and dependent viable that have multiple independent viable were used by multiple regression technique. Research findings revealed that overall results of factors affecting consumers in making decisions in using Robinhood for food delivery in Bangkok were in high rates. The data of research results, in descending order, revealed that customer service, price, quick response and characteristics of service provider factors affecting consumers in making decisions in using Robinhood for food delivery in Bangkok. Those affected factors had statistically significant at level .05. This research findings were accepted all the research hypothesis that customer service, quick response, price and characteristics of service provider factors affecting consumers in making decisions in using Robinhood for food delivery in Bangkok.

Innovation Driven the Professional Learning Community (PLC) Process for Small Educational Institutions and Remote Areas

Kant Ampanon — 2024-06-18

This study is based on the idea of a professional learning community, which is a group of educators who get together to share teaching insights, gaining managerial expertise through the process of a professional learning community, which facilitates the transfer of information and the planning of operations that will result in actual operations, the PLC process driving model may be used by teachers to conduct research in the classroom on a regular basis and to share the findings with other members of the teaching staff in order to maintain continuity and sustainability. Therefore, this research article aims to; 1) to create innovation to drive the professional learning community process for small educational institutions and remote areas, 2) to apply innovations in driving the professional learning community process to network educational institutions, small educational institutions, and remote areas, and 3) to confirm innovation in driving the professional learning community process for small educational institutions and remote areas.
It is research and development, and the sample was drawn from purposive selection of small educational institutions in Phetchabun Province, Phichit Province, and Nan Province, totaling 7 locations, confirm the format by referencing qualified experts. The tools used in the research include; seminar recording form on innovation creation, workshop project manual, workshop project evaluation form, and opinion questionnaire. Statistics used include; percentage value; average; standard deviation; and analyze content.
The results of the research found that; 1) Innovation driven process of professional learning community for small educational institutions and remote areas that are built there are 6 aspects; management, teacher and personnel development, environment and learning management atmosphere, co-leadership, learning management and professional development and Applying learning outcomes to improve learner quality. Performance before development in high level, mean ( = 4.34, S.D.=0.61) after development at the highest level with an average ( =4.50, S.D.=0.59) an increase of +0.13, 2) Bring innovation to drive process of professional learning community for small educational institutions and remote areas the overall assessment results were at a high level, 3) Confirmed the creation of innovations to drive process of professional learning community for small educational institutes and remote areas it was found that there were several interrelated elements be appropriate. It is feasible, useful and theoretically accurate 100 percentages. The researcher offers the following recommendations on how to apply the research study's findings to promote better educational management; 1) until learners are able to develop themselves to their full potential, driving the professional learning community process for small educational institutions and remote areas should give educational institutions, teachers, and students opportunities to creatively design learning together, this can be done by creating a professional learning community development plan that is clear and appropriate to the context of learners, and 2) teachers should use innovation to guide the process of professional learning communities for distant and small educational institutions, build routine research to be varied, fulfill the requirements of students, and empower students to be social innovators.

Development of an Academic Administration Model on a Digital Platform to Enhance the Quality of Life and Competence Amongst Underprivileged Students in Wat Si Don Chai Municipal Community School, Chiang Mai Province

Natthanan Langkarat — 2024-06-18

information in developing a digital-based academic administration model to promote the quality of life and competency of underprivileged students in urban communities, 2) to develop an academic administration framework using digital technology to improve underprivileged students’ quality of life and academic competence in a Municipal Community, 3) to determine the overall results from the model, and 4) To evaluate the outcomes. The study's informants were Wat Si Don Chai Municipal Community School personnel. This included 2 School Deputy Directors, 36 teachers, and 5 representatives from the Education Committee, bringing the total to 43 people. The study also included 247 students from kindergarten 1 up to Mattayom 3 who were in their second semester for the year 2021 and who fit the criteria set by the Wat Si Don Chai Municipal Community School for underprivileged students in the area. The research instruments used for this study were questionnaires, interviews, group meetings on guidelines to operate according to the framework provided, digital skill evaluation forms for personnel, evaluation of teachers’ capability to enhance students’ competence, evaluation of students’ quality of life and competence and a satisfaction survey. Statistics used in data analysis consisted of determining frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation, and descriptive analysis. The results from the study showed that 1) An effective academic administration model. To do so, it is imperative to develop a curriculum that aims at competency and at the same time, also develop a digital, online learning management system. It is also important to promote further research that aims to solve key issues amongst underprivileged students. The academic administration should also develop a learning center that focuses on building occupational skills, along with developing a network that can help the underprivileged. Finally, the framework also consists of educational supervision that can empower the students. 2) After implementing the model, it was found that increase in the staff’s digital skills and increase in their ability to manage the learning emphasizes competency, quality of life of student, and competency also increased. 3) Finally, the school’s personnel were also satisfied at a high level with the model provided.

Development of Management Guidelines of Inclusive Education in Special Education Center, Petchabun Province

Kittiwin Dhedchawanagon — 2024-06-20

In order to send children with special needs into inclusive education, the objectives are to 1) examine the components and indicators in inclusive education for educational institutions at the Phetchabun Special Education Center, 2) current conditions and desired conditions in providing inclusive education for educational institutions at the Phetchabun Province Special Education Center, and 3)developing guidelines for organizing inclusive education for educational institutions at the Phetchabun Province Special Education Center. The sample groups used in this study were personnel of the Phetchabun Provincial Special Education Center, including 3 school administrators, and 33 teachers, totaling 36 people in the sample. However, the sample size was determined according to the table of Krejcie & Morgan (1970), and the stratified random sampling technique was used, which used location as the random unit. This research is research and development, a questionnaire on the existing and ideal circumstances of inclusive education for special education centers in Phetchabun Province, as well as a form to evaluate the suitability of the components and indicators of inclusive education, are among the tools used for data collecting. According to the study's findings, the Phetchabun Provincial Special Education Center's guidelines for organizing inclusive education for educational institutions have a significant impact on the development of inclusive education formats. These recommendations cover the elements and indicators, as well as the intended and actual circumstances as well as inclusive education organizations. It has a policy to provide educational services to children with special needs who need education in the form of inclusive learning in order to expand their educational opportunities. The information obtained can then be used as information in planning education for children with special needs, as well as a guideline for organizing education for children with special needs to be carried out efficiently, in accordance with the guidelines for cooperation in providing education for persons with special needs as per the policies of the Ministry of Education.

Cultivating Critical Minds: Interdisciplinary Strategies for Empowering University Students Against Online Gambling Propaganda

Nattanun Siricharoen — 2024-06-20

In this qualitative study on "Cultivating Critical Minds: Interdisciplinary Strategies for Empowering University Students against Online Gambling Propaganda," researchers have uncovered critical insights from experts spanning fields like Psychology, Public Health Science, Communication Arts, Law, and Information Technology. Conducted between December 2022 and January 2023, this research brings to light several key findings: 1) Lack of Awareness and Understanding: A significant issue is the lack of awareness among university students regarding the risks associated with online gambling. This knowledge gap can lead to adverse consequences such as depression and financial distress. Experts emphasize the need to educate students about the intricacies of online media and digital platforms to address this challenge. 2) Role of Mass Media and Regulation: Mass media has a paradoxical role in promoting gambling while failing to educate students about its risks. Experts recommend vigilant monitoring of online gambling sites, identifying suspicious transactions, and collaborative efforts with law enforcement agencies to combat this issue. Building public awareness and collective immunity against online gambling propaganda is also crucial. 3) Addressing Root Causes: The study identifies various factors pushing university students towards online gambling, including societal influences, economic pressures, family dynamics, and lax law enforcement. Experts advocate for a comprehensive approach to mitigate these underlying issues, such as promoting positive peer influences, delivering financial literacy education, reinforcing family values, providing counseling services within educational institutions, and implementing stricter legal measures. 4) Treating Gambling Addiction: A holistic strategy is presented for combating gambling addiction, focusing on trust-building, critical thinking cultivation, experiential learning, life skills development, and promoting acceptance and understanding. These measures aim to help adolescents recognize the consequences of their actions. 5) Legal Framework and Education: Urgent reforms are needed in the legal framework to effectively combat online gambling. Proposals include clear definitions, supplementary laws targeting media platforms, and comprehensive educational campaigns highlighting the risks of online gambling. Experts also recommend studying the public relations strategies employed by gambling media platforms and developing online gambling media literacy programs. In summary, this research underscores the need to address the pervasive influence of online gambling propaganda among university students. It advocates for a comprehensive, interdisciplinary approach that involves education, regulation, and addressing root causes to protect vulnerable populations. Implementing these recommendations has the potential to create a safer online environment for students and empower them with the critical tools needed to make informed choices.

The Development of the Phenomena- based Learning Model Accompanied by STEM for Enhancing Students' Competency in Science Learning Management

Kamolchart Klomim — 2024-06-20

The objective of this research is; 1)to study basic information in developing learning management model using phenomena as a base in conjunction with STEM learning management to enhance learning management science competencies for the student teaching practice, 2)to create and examine the quality of a learning management model using phenomena as a basis in conjunction with STEM learning management, in order to strengthen learning management science competencies for the student teaching practice, 3) to study the results of an experiment using a phenomenon-based learning management model in conjunction with STEM learning management, in order to strengthen learning management science competencies for the student teaching practice. A research and development process, the research methodology consists of the following 3 research steps; 1) research fundamental data for creating a learning management system, 2) create a learning management system and evaluate its effectiveness, 3) use the learning management approach to analyze the experiment's findings. The sample group is the student teaching practice in year 3, Faculty of Education, Phetchabun Rajabhat University, academic year 2023, totaling 25 people, this is obtained using a lottery approach of simple random drawing. The research instruments include a knowledge exam, a test of critical thinking on learning management design, and a test of drafting a learning management plan, and data analysis using t-statistics.
The results of the study found that; 1) The generation of learning management plans, student analyses, and curriculum analyses were deemed to be very acceptable based on the findings of the study of foundational data used to build the learning management model, 2) the results of creating and assessing the five components of the learning management system for quality; 1.1) principle 1.2) objective 1.3) learning content 1.4) learning activities and 1.5) measuring and evaluating learning outcomes, the five phases for planning educational activities are as follows; explore, engage, engineer, plan, and evaluation, 3) utilizing the learning management paradigm, the experiment's outcomes revealed that; 3.1) with a statistical significance of.05, the student teaching practice has a greater understanding of learning management science than they had before to their studies, 3.2) with statistical significance at the .05 level, the post-study learning design thinking capacity of the student teaching practice is higher than the 80% limit, and 3.3) if student involvement above the limit of 80%, the student teaching practice may generate learning management plans after class, with statistical significance at the .05 level.

Factors Affecting the Competitive Advantage of Thai Entrepreneurs in Adapting to Survive During the Epidemic Crisis of Coronavirus Disease 2019

Thanaphon Ratchatakulpat — 2024-06-21

The study aims to identify characteristics of Thai entrepreneurs affecting the competitive advantage of Thai entrepreneurs in adapting to survive during the epidemic crisis of coronavirus disease 2019.Factors determine the competitive advantage of Thai entrepreneurs in adapting to survive during the epidemic crisis of coronavirus disease 2019 and guidelines for gaining competitive advantage of Thai entrepreneurs in adapting to survive during the epidemic crisis of coronavirus disease 2019. The researcher used a quantitative method from a sample group of 384 business owners in Bangkok, Thailand. The sample group is a company located in Bangkok. In essence, Bangkok is a strategic location and economic hub of Thailand that is good for a supportive business environment and economic advantages, making researchers specific in this area. Questionnaires were used to collect data. The data was analyzed to explain the study, including frequency distribution, percentage, average deviation, and correlation testing, and was processed using the SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) statistical multiple regression analysis in formula (y = a+β1x1+β2x2+β3x3+β4x4+β5x5+ε) forecast statistics (R2). The results showed that 1) the characteristics of Thai entrepreneurs affecting the competitive advantage are autonomy, innovativeness, risk-taking, competitive aggressiveness, stability & learning, and achievement were high 2)the competitive pressure affects the competitive advantage of Thai entrepreneurs, which are pressure from existing competitors, pressure of substitute products and bargaining power of material suppliers determine Thai entrepreneurs affecting the competitive advantage of Thai entrepreneurs in adapting to survive during the epidemic crisis of coronavirus disease 2019. Meanwhile, pressure from new competitors and pressure from bargaining power will not help Thai entrepreneurs, affecting the competitive advantage of Thai entrepreneurs in adapting to survive during the epidemic crisis of coronavirus disease 2019. The characteristics of entrepreneurs and competitive pressure affect positive competitive advantage in cost, quality, innovation, and quick response, directly affecting Thai entrepreneurs' competitive advantage.

The Operation Model Development for Medical Cannabis Using of Public Hospitals in Sukhothai Province, Thailand

Teeraya Vorapani — 2024-06-21

This research aims to develop operation model for medical cannabis using of public hospitals in Sukhothai Province, Thailand that was divided into 3 phases. Phase 1 was a study of situations and problem finding in the operation of medical marijuana use in Public Hospitals in Sukhothai Province. Phase 2 is the development of a model for operating the medical cannabis use by in-depth interviews with hospital directors and medical marijuana operators. Phase 3 is a follow up on the results of the development of an operating model for medical marijuana use. Data was collected for a period of 6 months. The developing an operating model for the use of medical marijuana are 5 main dimension components, consisting of Policy, Management, Integration, Monitoring and Evaluation, Technology. The results was found that personnel providing services in the medical marijuana clinics include a variety of professions, such as doctors, dentists, pharmacists, Thai Traditional Medicine officers and nurses with the number of personnel attending training to serve more patients who come to receive services in medical marijuana clinics both Western Medicine and Thai Traditional Medicine tend to increase every year. The top 5 diseases include : Insomnia, Cancer, Muscular Tendon diseases, Neuropathic pain, Psoriasis that used in the treatment of Thai Traditional Medicine to treat symptoms and diseases, consisting of Ya Suk Sai yad 500 mg./cap., Ya Tum Lai Pra Sumen 2 g./pack, 5 Hemp oil topical, Ya Kae Lom Kae Sen 500 mg. In addition, Western Medicine is used to treat patients, consisting of THC : CBD/ 1:1, 7% THC. However, patients had side effects, consisting of : dizziness, ALT and AST increase, nausea and vomiting, sleepy, anxious, eGFR decreases, feel dry, heart palpitation. Therefore the development of operations is systematic and efficient. Including patients receiving a combination of Thai Traditional Medicine and Western Medicine that work together as a multidisciplinary team to use cannabis as an alternative treatment for patients. Taking into account efficiency and safety together and continued monitoring of symptoms and side effects in the treatment of patients at the hospital and at the patient’s home.