Community and Social Development Journal

Incorporating Action Research in Teacher Education Programs: Opportunities and Limitations

Genalyn P. Lualhati — 2024-08-22

In the rapidly evolving landscape of 21^st century education, teacher preparation programs play a significant role in shaping the educators of tomorrow. This qualitative study aims to reveal both the opportunities and limitations of incorporating action research into experiential learning courses within teacher education programs. The researcher conducted a comprehensive thematic analysis to examine and categorize the participants' responses. Through in-depth interviews with 30 senior education students at Batangas State University, The National Engineering University, JPLPC Malvar, Batangas, Philippines, during the academic year 2021-2022, it was revealed that the opportunities arising from action research include enhanced teaching skills and pedagogy, problem-solving and reflective practice, collaborative learning and peer interaction, as well as professional growth and ethical awareness. Moreover, participants also encounter limitations, such as time constraints, resource accessibility, and ethical dilemmas. To address these challenges and capitalize on the opportunities, the study recommends strategies for improved time management, equitable resource access, and ethical training and support within teacher education programs. The study also suggests future research avenues, including longitudinal studies and comparative analyses, to further enhance action research's role in shaping the educators of the future.

The Development of Personnel Administration Model of Souphanouvong University

Bounthieng Vongsouangtham — 2024-08-22

The main purpose of the present investigation was to develop a model for personnel administration of Souphanouvong University, Lao PDR. To achieve the objective, a mixed method research was employed and the study was divided into four phases. Phase 1 examined the current status of personnel administration. Regarding this phase, a document analysis was conducted and the survey questionnaires were administered to the sample group. The population for this phase was administrators and teahers who worked at the university in total of 415 people. The sample group was 324 participants who were selected by using a purposive sampling method. Phase 2 developed a personnel administration model by using a Dephi Technique. The questionnaire was used in this phase. The target group consisted of 19 experts who had experience in the area of personnel administratioin. Phase 3 evaluated the model of personnel administration in terms of feasibility, utility, propriety, and accuracy. The target group was 9 experts. The data were collected by using focus group discussion. Phase 4 confirmed the potential practice of the model. The target group for this phase was the administrators, staff, and teachers in total of 60 participants. The tool was the 5-Likert scale questionnaire and the data were computed to find mean and standard deviation. The findings are as follows. The current status of personnel administration was at a high level, meaning that the practice of personnel administration is appropriate. Also, the development of the personnel administration model consisted of seven components such as planning, selecting, managing, developing, rewarding, evaluating, and retiring. The evaluation of the model in terms of its feasibility, utility, propriety, and accuracy was at the high level. Finally, the results reveal that the model was confirmed as the high potential for application/practiced. This research illustrates a signficant knowledge for personnel administration in the context of Laos and beyond. It is suggested that the concerned university administrators consider implementing it and revising its policy.

Metacommunication Versus Conversational Practices of Teaching Personnel at a Constituent Campus of a Southern Tagalog State University, the Philippines: A Study on Manifestation and Their Relationship

Richard M. Bañez — 2024-08-22

This study examines the intricacies of metacommunication and conversational practices of an incidental sample of 106 teaching personnel engaged in remote teaching at a constituent campus of a Southern Tagalog state university, the Philippines. The primary objective of this study is to measure the extent to which teaching personnel manifest metacommunication across different forms of communication, including verbal, non-verbal, and written expressions, and how they exhibit conversational behaviors during pedagogic interactions. These behaviors encompass openness, empathy, positivity, immediacy, interaction management, and expressiveness. The research also endeavors to test if a significant relationship exists between metacommunication and these conversational practices. Employing a correlational research design, a survey questionnaire, and utilizing statistical tools such as mean, standard deviation, and Pearson r to analyze the quantitative data collected, the findings reveal heightened levels of metacommunication and a prevalent presence of conversational practices among educators in the higher education context. Furthermore, the research identifies a correlation between metacommunication and conversational practices. In light of these findings, it is recommended that educators proactively nurture a positive and professional classroom environment while considering individualized student assessments. This approach can foster more constructive pedagogic interactions within the higher education teaching community while enhancing the learning experience for both educators and students. The study also emphasizes the vital link between metacommunication and conversational practices in education while illustrating its impact on communication quality, learning experiences, and societal dialogue for enhanced empathy and positivity for broader societal benefits.

Applying DMAIC Methodology to Reduce Egg Breakage Rates in Small-Scale Production Enterprise in Mandalay Region

Chaw Thandar — 2024-08-23

This study employed the DMAIC methodology (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control) to investigate and minimize Unusable egg breakage (Completely broken eggs) at Golden Yolk farm. Data was collected using a triangulated approach that included direct observations of egg-handling processes, interviews with experienced farm personnel, and a review of historical breakage records in order to ensure reliability. Standardized checklists were also used, and initial analysis revealed a total defect rate of 0.74%, with Unusable breakage being the highest contributor at 0.47% among all types of defects. Qualitative tools like Pareto charts, FMEA, and Fishbone diagrams identified the main culprits of inadequate handling techniques and the absence of appropriate equipment. Subsequent interventions focused on implementing farm personnel training, standardized handling procedures, and introducing relevant equipment, significantly reducing Unusable egg breakage from 0.47% to 0.39%. This approach demonstrates the effectiveness of the DMAIC methodology for addressing Unusable egg breakage in the egg farm. These findings offer valuable insights for improving farm operations, ensuring consistent, high-quality egg production, and minimizing associated losses.

Assessment of Online Teaching for Skill Based- Topics in Online Physical Education Classes

Jennifer Baes Atienza — 2024-08-23

Technology is indeed helpful especially when teaching the students. The online class is just one way people teach and learn. In today's situation, technological advancements in Physical Education (PE) are highly utilized in teaching skill-based topics. This study aimed to assess the use of various digital teaching aids for skill-based topics to improve teaching and learning in online physical education. Furthermore, this study aimed to achieve the following objectives: determine the instructional materials utilized in teaching the skill-based topics; assess the extent of utilization of online teaching strategies of Physical Education teachers for dominantly skill-based topics; determine the challenges encountered by teachers in conducting online Physical Education; compare the assessments between the two groups of respondents; and lastly, propose digital teaching aids for skill-based topics in Physical Education courses. This study used a descriptive method with a researcher-made questionnaire via Google Form as the data-gathering instrument. Statistical tools used were weighted mean, composite mean, and T-test. The respondents of the study were 52 BPEd students and 29 Physical Education instructors from the Batangas State University Main 1. Findings reveal that both teachers and students effectively learn and teach physical education through the use of videos, presentations, and online platforms. The study also shows that the major problem encountered in online learning is the capability to use gadgets. As part of the recommendation, the researchers created digital teaching aids using films, presentations, and modules to improve the learning of skill-based topics for online physical education.

Self-Efficacy and Mathematics Learning Experience Using 5Es Model among Pre-service Teachers

Jenny Rose S. Aguila — 2024-08-26

This study employs a descriptive-correlational design, using both qualitative and quantitative approaches, to investigate the self-efficacy levels of pre-service mathematics teachers in relation to their exposure to the 5Es instructional phases. Data was gathered from 106 pre-service mathematics teachers at Batangas State University Campuses during the academic year 2020-2021 using a researcher-made questionnaire and focus group discussions. Mean, Standard deviation, Pearson r, and Thematic Analysis were used to analyze the data. The results reveal a strong correlation between pre-service teachers' self-efficacy in mathematics and their exposure to the 5Es instructional phases. Additionally, it suggests the potential effectiveness of a researcher-made mathematics learning guide in enhancing students' self-efficacy in mathematics. This research underscores the importance of diverse learning strategies for mastering mathematical concepts, encourages instructors to innovate and adapt their instructional practices based on the 5Es model to enhance students' self-efficacy in mathematics, and calls for future research to explore additional factors that influence students' self-efficacy when exposed to 5Es instructional phases.

Factors Influencing Visitors' Desire to Visit a First Class Temple on Rattanakosin Island, Bangkok, Using Regression Tree

Nattapong Chaisaengpratheep — 2024-08-27

Visitors' desire to visit a first-class temple on Rattanakosin Island in Bangkok is analysed in this quantitative study. We used closed-ended questions along with Likert scales (1-5) to survey 974 respondents. The questionnaire served as a research instrument, and the sample was chosen randomly through accidental sampling methods. The data was analysed using computer programs. The pull factor analysis demonstrates that the model effectively predicts outcomes with significant predictive capacity (MSE: 0.48, RMSE: 0.219, MAE: 0.170, MAPE: 50.84%, R2: 0.952). The push factor analysis also shows high explanatory power (MSE: 0.040, RMSE: 0.200, MAE: 0.157, MAPE: 46.08%, R2: 0.962). The study identifies key pull factors, including place identity, sacred sites, and adherence to COVID-19 guidelines. Push factors comprise connecting with the divine, purifying the mind, and discovering new things.
A key strategy for enhancing the appeal of Bangkok's royal temples is to preserve and promote significant landmarks, integrate educational and cultural experiences, prioritise health and safety measures during COVID-19, and provide exceptional customer service. Furthermore, the study recommends incorporating Dharma practices and preserving sacred sites to facilitate merit-making opportunities. By focusing on these recommendations, religious sites can increase their appeal to visitors and contribute to their overall well-being.

The Effects of Persuasive Message Reading and Supportive Writing on Juveniles’ Readiness for Protective and Evasive Actions against Domestic Violence in the Community

Anan Yeamyeuan — 2024-08-27

Domestic violence has physical and psychological impacts, as well as a negative effect on the well-being of juveniles in the family. Hence, this experimental research explored the interaction between persuasive message reading, supportive writing, types of punishment, as well as well-being and the juveniles’ readiness for protective and evasive actions against domestic violence in the community. The research was based on a Post Test Only with Control Group Design, dividing into 4 experimental groups with random assignment. The sample was 450 juveniles in Northern communities within 3 provinces including Lamphun, Lampang, and Nan. The research instruments in this research consist of the articles of 1) persuasive message on “the readiness for protective and evasive actions against domestic violence” and 2) control message on “the importance of English learning” the worksheets of 1) supportive writing on “the readiness for protective and evasive actions against domestic violence” and 2) control writing on “the importance of English learning” the assessment on 1) types of punishment, 2) well-being, 3) the readiness for protective and evasive actions against domestic violence, and 4) biosocial background. For the 10-item well-being assessment, the range of t value = 4.27-7.39, the range of r value = 0.34-0.67, and reliability = 0.78. For the 15-item assessment on the readiness for protective and evasive actions against domestic violence, the range of t value = 5.32-9.21, the range of r value = 0.28-0.56, and reliability = 0.81.
The findings revealed that 1)the juveniles who read persuasive messages, were physically punished, and rarely had a sense of well-being were readier to perform protective and evasive actions against domestic violence than the juveniles who did not read persuasive messages, were psychologically punished, and had a sense of well-being. This was mostly found among the juveniles who spent a lot of time with their families. 2) The juveniles who wrote supportive writing and rarely had a sense of well-being were readier to perform protective and evasive actions against domestic violence than the juveniles who did not write supportive writing and had a sense of well-being. This was mostly found among the juveniles who consulted other people. The results led to suggestions and practices to develop and encourage juveniles’ readiness for protective and evasive actions against domestic violence in the future.

"Tai Muang Phrao" Cultural Identity and Economic Value Creation of Tambon Pa Tum, Phrao district, Chiang Mai Province

Jaruwan Pengsiri — 2024-08-28

The objectives of this research were to examine identities regarded as local wisdom and cultural capital of Pa Tum Community in Phrao district, Chiang Mai province, to create a corporate identity set and sale promotion media for the community, and to assess the satisfaction of consumers with community products, the corporate identify set, and the sale promotion media. The research instrument: for the first objective, it was qualitative research to collect the data about community identities. The quota sampling method was applied to select the sample group, which included two community leaders, two folk scholars, four entrepreneurs, five community members, and two concerned state officials. An in-depth interview was used to collect the data and the SWOT Analysis. For the second objective, it was applied research, the process of applied art design, and modern marketing knowledge. The purposive sampling method was used to select the population and the sample group, which included one of the five community entrepreneur groups. An in-depth interview with semi-structured interview questions and an observation were used to gather the data. The data were then synthesized for creating the corporate identity set and the sale promotion media. The instrument was a quality assessment of the identity set by three experts on the beauty of the logo, colors, fonts, and other design components. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was applied to assess the quality of the instrument. For the third was also conducted a satisfaction assessment with the reliability of the questionnaire at 0.96 by applying the Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The sample group was 100 tourists and the general public interested in the community products. The data were statistically analyzed for mean, percentage, and standard deviation. The results were discussed descriptively. The research results revealed that the food identity of the community is from cultivating sugarcanes and beans and the process of agricultural produce, which has led to the development of the community products: peanut bars in sugarcane molasses and local dishes for community tourism. The creation of the corporate identity set and the sale promotion media consisted of a product logo, packaging, 2D motion media, and video media for publicizing the products in various channels. The satisfaction assessment revealed that the satisfaction was highest with the mean of 4.6 on the continued development of local wisdom to produce value-added products and generate incomes to community members. It was followed by the satisfaction with the product logo designed with interesting and easy-to-understand images and conveying the products, community identity and entrepreneurs; with the graphic work on the packages designed with beautiful, interesting and clear messages; and with the graphic motions on the making of the blocked sugarcane molasses and the processing of the peanut bars in sugarcane molasses designed with interesting and easy-to-understand background of the products as well as clear sound and images, all of them with the mean of 4.5. In addition to business knowledge for community product development, developers and corporate identity communication must depend on creativity. Therefore, researchers collaborating with communities must emphasize creativity as well. It is not only new knowledge or innovation, but local culture, wisdom, and cultural identities must be exploited for economic values. For community product development to become sustainable, community cooperation must be established, because community residents are the ones who will continue the operations. As a consequence, researchers must coordinate and seek key successes, which may be community residents of working age or new generations who will pass on and preserve culture and arts, wisdom, and identities.

Managing Creative Online Learning Activities using IMTEAC Model via Line Application on Romping into the Marvelous Station

Apicha Dangchamroon — 2024-08-29

This study was aimed to 1) develop and evaluate the quality of using creative online learning activities, 2) study the results of using creative online learning activities; and 3) study the evaluation results of using creative online learning activities; The study has indicated that: 1) the quality of using creative online learning activities has the mean IOC scores for Step 1 -Step 6 (I-M-T-E-A-C) = 0.92; as evaluated by 7 experts using the Index of Consistency. 2) the results of using creative online learning activities on “Romping into the Marvelous Station” taught via the Line application. The sample group were 30 graduate students enrolled at (Master of Education Program in Innovative Curriculum and Learning Management) Ramkhamhaeng University in the first semester of the 2020 academic year. The result showed that the inquisitive mind scores of the students were higher than before at the statistical significance level of .05. 3) the evaluation results of using creative online learning activities on “Romping into the Marvelous Station” via the Line application as assessed by 5 qualified experts were that the IMTEAC model and the implementation of the model are found to be “the most appropriate” in overall area.

Physical Fitness and Fitness Criteria for the students of the Border Patrol Police School, Ban Mai Pattansanti, Mae NaChon, Mae Chaem, Chiang Mai

Thanat Yoddumnern — 2024-08-29

This research has the ideology for the study, strengthening and organizing physical sidewalks of students at Ban Mai Pattanasanti Police School, Mae Nachon, Mae Chaem, Chiang Mai. The population used in this research was both male and female students. Border Patrol Police School, Ban Mai Phatthana Santi, Mae Nachon, Mae Chaem, Chiang Mai 42 students who are currently enrolled in the 2018 academic year aged 4-12 years and the research tools consisted of 6 physical fitness tests.
The research results were found that physical development of school children in various fields Have improved In which children can respond better to the command and follow the instructions of the teacher. You can also set up physical fitness criteria. That is suitable for a sample as well and physicalperformance after having tested before and after appeared to improve physical performance.

Social Semiotic Analysis of Textbooks and Cultures of Learners in EFL context Cultures of Learners in EFL context

Thidawan Wichanee — 2024-08-29

Textbooks have been considered as essential tools in language classrooms as they mediate learners to acquire knowledge through language and norm representations. However, in a classroom where English is taken as a foreign language (EFL), there exist some issues for language teachers to take into account when implementing textbooks into classroom practices. This paper presents an analysis of textbooks and cultures of learners in EFL context. The selection of the textbooks deployed seven textbooks published by western-oriented presses and was based on their use in EFL classroom practices. The textbooks have been implemented with learners in all levels. The concept of Social Semiotic was taken to analyze the textbooks by employing three domains namely text, images, and tasks. The results revealed mismatches between textbooks and learners’ cultures as the texts provided repetitive language patterns and unfamiliar lexical presentations. While, the images symbolized attitudes and cultures which partly excluded the learners from the lessons. Lastly, the tasks contained dominating discourse that anticipated the learners to assume the vicarious experiences. This paper also provides the discussion and implications for applying textbooks into classrooms.

Teachers and Gender Issue in English Classrooms: A Case Study of a Secondary Public School in Chiang Rai Province

Kwanruan Choosrichom — 2024-09-03

This research aimed to study gender issue in English classrooms through teachers’ perspective and the classroom activities in a secondary public school in Chiang Rai. The data was collected from classroom observation and interviewing 6 key informants by in – depth and semi – structured interview. The result of the research was presented into 2 main points. First, teachers’ perspectives towards gender issue were related to their personal background including class, age, education, teaching experience, and gender. Those perspectives are 1) patriarchy and conservative 2) gender neutral 3) challenging towards gender issue. Second, the reproduction of patriarchy from teachers’ attitude or the reconstruction of gender issue could be occurred in classrooms. The context and phenomenon including the growth of freedom, rights, equality, and equity have been affecting and challenging the English classrooms in term of gender issue.

Movie Titles’ Translation Strategies from English into Thai in Monomax Application

Natchanok Kettongma — 2024-09-03

The objective of this study is to analyze the strategies employed in translating English movie titles into Thai within the Monomax Application. A total of 501 English movie titles spanning the decade of 2011 and 2020 were examined because a decade provides clear guidelines for data collection, analysis, and interpretation. The strategies for translating film titles into Thai conducted by Thongwan (2012) served as a framework for this study. The findings revealed that all 10 translation strategies were employed as follows respectively: 1) naming a new name regardless of the old name, 2) naming a new name based on the original name, 3) partial translation and adding Thai language, 4) partial transliteration and adding Thai language, 5) all translation and adding Thai language, 6) all transliteration and adding Thai language, 7) all transliteration without adding Thai, and 8) all translation without adding Thai language. Meanwhile, the last two which are 9) partial transliteration without adding the Thai language and partial translation without adding the Thai language were found used only once per each. Notably, the translated movie titles in Thai often featured distinctive and attractive elements, such as rhyme and alliteration. These findings corresponded to Nida & Taber (1974) translation theory that translation process is related to purpose and cultural linguistic norms. Future studies could explore the reception and perception of these translated titles among Thai audiences, shedding light on which strategies resonate most effectively and why.

A study of the Decision to Enter Higher Education in Ordinary Upper Secondary School Students in Chiang Mai Educational Service Area

Aneg Nachaiwong — 2024-09-03

This research aimed to study factors, problems, and suggestions that affected the decisions to study in the Higher Education of the Ordinary High School Students in Chiang Mai Educational Area. The researcher used stratified random sampling and collected data from 399 students by questionnaire deviation with descriptive statistics including percentage, mean, and standard deviation. The personal factors were as follows: the students decided to study by themselves at a high level with a mean score of 4.38. The factors of higher educational institutes were as follows: the has modern media, equipment, and teaching and learning at a high level with a mean score of 4.33. The factors of society, economy, politics, and competition were as follows: when they graduated, they would have opportunity to get a job and high income in high level with the mean score of 4.37. The important problems of personal factors were as follows: the students did not know their preferences or aptitudes or potential, so they were confused to choose higher education institute and study major. The important problems in the factors of the higher educational institute were as follows: the university will be acceptable from university’s teaching and learning, and study curriculum of higher education institution. The most important suggestion curriculum should be updated to suit the current situation. Next is suggestions for the quality of teaching and learning, the university should have modern and up-to-date development for responding to students' requirements effectively and suggestions borrowing money for ducation. The loan limit should be increased in accordance with the current economic situation.