PSDS Journal of Development Studies,Puey Ungphakorn School of Development Studies, Thammasat University

บทบรรณาธิการ

Tidarat Sakveerakul — 2024-12-29

Livelihoods of Thai–Malaysian Cross-Border Traders and Laborers amid the COVID-19 Pandemic

Chalita Bundhuwong — 2024-12-29

This qualitative research studied Malay Muslims of Thailand’s southern border region who earn a subsistence living in Malaysia: 1) cross-border lives and occupations in Malaysia before the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic; 2) COVID-19 impacts on cross-border livelihoods; and 3) adjustments and adaptations in response to COVID-19. Livelihoods, mobility, anthropological border studies, and emotions/feelings of marginalized and vulnerable groups were used as conceptual frameworks. Data was gathered by document collection, in-depth interviews, focus group discussion, and observation.
Results were that cross-border employment was a solution for poverty and unemployment of Malay Muslims in the southern border region of Thailand. Although earnings barely sufficed and involved the risks of illegal border crossings, such employment remained indispensable. Associated perils were mitigated by social relationships, dependency, and patronage originating from home communities. From the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, cross-border Malay Muslims faced hardship due to quarantine measures implemented by the Thai and Malaysian governments, resulting in the loss of jobs, normal life, and work-related connections in Malaysia. Despite limited governmental assistance, cross-border workers coped with emotional and economic struggles and made future plans. However, these adaptations were mere survival strategies until the same insecure cross-border livelihood cycle could recommence.

Entrepreneurship of new-generation farmers in Ubon Ratchathani province

Natedao Taotawin — 2024-12-29

Entrepreneurs and peasants differ have different lifestyles and diverse economic goals. Entrepreneurs include individuals or groups who own capital and other production means and are ready to invest in gainful activities and take risks in exchange for profit. This article examines 1) burgeoning entrepreneurship amongst four new generation farmers in Ubon Ratchathani Province, Isan region; and 2) how these agriculturalists see new generation entrepreneurship. Results were that the new generation farmers pursued agriculture as a profession. They used diverse aspects of entrepreneurial knowledge, including management, business administration, risk analysis, and marketing planning. Market-led production, high value products, and creating new markets were keys for surviving fluctuating economic conditions. New generation farmers also incorporated innovation to heighten production efficiency and profitability.

Social Innovation and Grassroots Economy in Thailand

Soontorn Koonchaimang — 2024-12-29

This study of social innovation and its role in driving Thailand’s grassroots economy examines success motivation factors. Mechanisms and processes involved in creating social innovation in 101 community businesses and organizations are evaluated. The goal is to identify local community social innovation models following principles of self-sustained economic development. Results are that community organizations achieve success by integrating self-management capabilities with social capital and business management, with community enterprises serving as the primary driving force. By contrast, business success is driven by a framework incorporating social issues, with social enterprises acting as key mechanisms. Community organizations create social innovation by linking products to the market system, while businesses develop innovations in an expanded framework. Both community organizations and businesses are readjusting successful projects to match an emergent new economy driven by grassroots efforts contributing to value creation alongside the centrally driven economy.

Ordering Discourse and Counter-Discourse on Land Between The State and The Peasant Movement

chalermchai vadjang — 2024-12-29

This research investigates the production, definition, and representation of state discourse on land rights, as well as contestation over the meaning of land rights between the state and small-scale farming movements. Results are that the state defines land through a property rights system prioritizing maximum economic returns from land use and designates zones for its own benefit. Thus, land becomes a speculative commodity and small-scale agriculturalists are systematically excluded from land ownership. In response, small-scale farming movements have mobilized collective action, scrutinized state actions, and advocated for community-based land reform. They do so by exercising constitutional community rights to reallocate land under the collective ownership system of community land title deeds. The land is life concept is used as a counter-discourse, emphasizing the importance of land to sustain humans and other living beings, and asserting the fundamental right of all individuals to access land.

Participatory management of public spaces to ensure food security for the Ban La Lom Phai community, Chan Dum subdistrict, Phlapphla Chai district, Buriram Province

wissavamas palasarn — 2024-12-29

This qualitative research studied 1) public space management in Ban La Lom Phai community, Chan Dum subdistrict, Phlapphla Chai district, Buriram Province and 2) related food security issues. Data was collected by in-depth interview, focus group discussion, walk survey, participant observation, and organizing a community forum. Results were that seven aspects impacted community management of public spaces: 1) leadership vision; 2) defined usage scope; 3) shared norms and regulations; 4) community involvement; 5) tracking use; 6) successful dispute resolution; and 7) support from relevant agencies. The Ban La Lom Phai community public space management plan comprised four aspects of participatory food security: 1) availability, focused on regional production and sourcing; 2) access, with sufficient healthy provisions to communities; 3) use, with communities accessing resources to prepare for future modifications; and 4) stability, with reliable supplies established by localities to prepare for upcoming developments while simultaneously supporting agricultural ecology; lessening reliance on chemicals; preserving soil health; reducing environmental damage; and preserving biodiversity to better adjust to environmental alterations.

Monitor and Evaluation of Community-Driven Development (CDD) Approach in the Project of Expanding Community Approach in Conflicted Situations (ECACS)

Peerapat Kosolsaksakul — 2024-12-29

The continuum of three southernmost provinces' unrest has extended the project of Expanding Community Approach in Conflicted Situations or ECACS) among those three provinces, using the Community-Driven Development (CDD) approach to strengthen reliability with all communities, also trust between those 43 selected communities and the local governments. Monitoring and evaluation of the project on 19 targeted villages following to the result framework found that reliability, satisfaction and internal trust within communities and among community members working with local government have increased as proposed goal and it showed better results in the second-round evaluation. For intermediate results (IR1) e.g. more participations in planning and budget setting processes of Tambon Administrative Offices (TAOs) and municipalities, the indicators which were (1) percentage of acknowledged residents on TAO's plans; (2) percentage of approved projects for merging with TAO's plans; and (3) the supporting of TAOs on planning and expanding sessions on approved projects, all met their criteria. For IR3 e.g. community projects will strengthen the welfare quality of social relationship for internal trust and collaboration within communities and among community members with local government, two indicators which were (1) better relationship within communities, and (2) better trustworthy among communities working together with local government, met their criteria and showed a better direction. All positive results were presented through religious factor, each individual's role in their community, participating frequency on the ECACS that showing the significant outputs on continuous projects granting.

Identity and social interaction of students with teenage mothers in a small primary school

Naruemon Wannasri — 2024-12-29

This research aimed to study the identity and social interaction of students with teenage mothers in a small primary school. The qualitative research was conducted using a phenomenological method. The target group was 3 parents of students with teenage mothers and 2 homeroom teachers of students with teenage mothers. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed using content analysis. The results showed that students’ identities were derived from their upbringing and family environment, which affected children’s identity development. Family stability and learning support from parents provided stability to children’s identities and enabled them to adapt in society. Students’ social interactions were derived from family factors, and upbringing played an important role in social behavior and adaptation in social situations. The results of the research concluded that family factors and upbringing were important factors that influenced children’s development of social identity and behavior. Families with stability and close support tended to help build good identities and appropriate social adaptation, while families with problems or lack of care resulted in children having confused identities and problems in social interaction.

Tripartite Engagement Model: Empowering Families, Educational Institution, and Communities for Early Childhood Development in Maha Sarakham Province

Runglawan Laumka — 2024-12-29

TThe objectives of this study are to: 1) examine the level of involvement of families, schools, and communities in fostering early childhood development in Maha Sarakham Province; and 2) create a collaborative model involving families, schools, and communities to stimulate early childhood development in Maha Sarakham Province; and 3) assess the impact of the developed framework. A mixed-methods research design was utilized. The target group is child development centers that voluntarily participate, 1 in each district from 13 districts of Maha Sarakham Province. Research tools include surveys on general basic conditions of the community. Survey of problems in the development of early childhood children in communities in Maha Sarakham Province. Assessment of the operations of the early childhood development center and an interview on the participation of educational institutions, families, and communities in promoting early childhood development. and an interview on the participation of educational institutions, families, and communities in promoting early childhood development. and surveys to promote early childhood development. This research employed qualitative data analysis techniques. The results of the research found that 1) The study revealed that collaborative efforts among families, schools, and communities were predominantly school-led. Parental involvement was primarily limited to school-organized activities. Community participation was often facilitated by local government initiatives, such as community sports and donations to schools. Direct community-driven initiatives were found to be less common. 2) Tripartite Engagement Model (family, educational institution, and community) for promoting early childhood development in Maha Sarakham Province. It is learning content consisting of 2 characteristics: the content part is a participatory process and the content part The process of creating a triangular and stimulating participation model consists of 4 steps: preparation stage operation steps follow-up and evaluation steps and summarizing the results, and 3) results of using the Tripartite Engagement Model to stimulate power (family, educational institution, and community), participation of 3 sectors: families, educational institutions, and communities have coordinated cooperation by jointly planning, jointly implementing, and jointly evaluating results. By collaborating in communication Resource mobilization volunteering and join in deciding Resulting in cooperation in organizing the atmosphere of the environment. Learning management and Using learning resources and wisdom as a result, early childhood children will be promoted to improve their physical, emotional-mental, social, and intellectual development

Will plucked flowers bloom?: political opportunity and the rise of student movements in Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Thailand

Vasuchon Rakprachathai — 2024-12-29

This comparative study describes the relationship between political opportunity and the rise and fall of student movements in three cases of student movements in Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Thailand from 2007 to 2020. The analysis is conducted in the political opportunity framework. For analysis and explanation, three key points influenced the political structure framework of student movements: 1) opening and closing political systems; 2) state or opposition repression; and 3) movement alliances and elite networks. Results were that student movements may emerge at times of increasing political openness and during shifts toward authoritarianism. Political instability is an essential condition conducive to the rise of student movements, unobstructed by severe, immediate state repression. However, gradual state repression of, and crackdown on, leadership figures may significantly impede student movement development. Additionally, seeking network alliances beyond students is required for student movement growth, including with national political elites to achieve student movement success.

Active Learning Processes for Modern Teachers based on the Digital Citizenship Concept: The Key to Preparing for the Future World

worapol srithep — 2024-12-29

Modern education must adapt to rapidly changing societal needs driven by digital technology advances, climate change, and other economic and social challenges. Proactive teaching strategies of today’s educators, guided by the digital citizenship concept of Neo Coaching, are designed to cultivate essential skills and attributes in youth, enabling them to thrive in an ever-evolving global environment. Neo Coaching includes steps that actively involve students, comprising three principles: active learning, digital skills and decision making, and real-world connections. Four key components are learner-centered activity design; technological support for learning; development of analytical and ethical decision-making skills; and holistic assessment. This approach supports engaged learning, ethical use of technology, and development of good digital citizenship, preparing students to acquire knowledge and effectively apply it in future real-life professional contexts.