Public Health Policy and Laws Journal

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Problems and guidelines for controlling alcoholic beverages

Chardsumon Prutipinyo — Tue, 02 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Due to the Alcoholic Beverage Act of 2008, problems arise in enforcing the law. There is a situation where many agencies wish to amend the law. This article aims to present the issue of the effects of drinking alcohol, alcohol control, and guidelines for amending the law that the Ministry of Public Health intends to address through six important points: 1) Definition of alcoholic beverages referring to the Liquor Act of 1950, which was later repealed by the Excise Tax Act, B.E. 2560, may cause problems when the law is amended in the future. 2) There is a committee system for driving the alcohol control implementation process. The committee is responsible for providing policy guidelines, as well as determining various measures to achieve the success of alcohol control, in accordance with various strategic plans. Implementation of the laws at the local level in a concrete manner and having an effective monitoring system. 3) There are problems with the interpretation of the terms "advertising" and "marketing communication" and issues with law enforcement, such as in the case of traditional celebrations, with exceptions for weddings and diplomatic ceremonies only. 4) Funding or sponsoring activities that provide opportunities for corporate image may directly and indirectly stimulate and cultivate a positive corporate image for children and youth, who will become new drinkers. 5) Promoting and supporting the treatment or rehabilitation of alcohol addicts or those with alcohol consumption problems. This is to promote the good health and well-being of the people. 6) Amendment of penalties appropriately for the current situation. For manufacturers and importers of alcoholic beverages, the penalty is twice as much as for individual violators.

The Access to Genetic Resource and Benefits Sharing of Biodiversity from joining the Convention on Biological Diversity of Thailand

Nawuti Batramark, Lawan Thanadsillapakul, Siriphan Phonrob — Tue, 02 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0700

The purpose of this article is to study the Convention on Biological Diversity’s affecting and hindering access to genetic resources, and benfits sharing by Thailand. The Convention, which is a collective agreement, is regarded as international law, providing broad guidelines for access to genetic resources and sharing of biodiversity benefits without a clear procedure. As a result, each country’s convention that requires the development of law according to convention is unable to identify the criteria of access and benefit sharing equitably.

Currently, Thailand does not have a specific biodiversity law but uses several relevant laws from various agencies. This leads to inefficient management of biological resources and causes the loss of national interests. At present, Thailand is in the process of proposing Draft Biological Diversity Act B.E. ...to be a central law for the management of biodiversity in a unified and comprehensive manner, promoting and supporting the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity.

Therefore, case studies of the law in India and Costa Rica, which indicate the obvious criteria method on the access to genetic resources and benefits sharing of biodiversity, can be applied as a model for additional amendments according to the drafted law, for a clear legal implementation.

China's Innovative Dispute Resolution under the "Belt and Road" Initiative

Zeng Wei — Tue, 02 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0700

This article explores China's significant initiatives in innovative dispute resolution under the "Belt and Road" initiative. It highlights China's establishment of institutions such as the International Commercial Court, the Supreme People's Court's "one-stop" resolution platform, and the International Mediation Institute, offering novel avenues for resolving commercial disputes within the "Belt and Road" projects. These innovative mechanisms not only promote the development of international rules and the rule of law but also contribute to maintaining the stability of global trade and investment cooperation, fostering legal pluralism, and enhancing global governance. China's practical experiences are closely observed worldwide, providing valuable insights for addressing global challenges and advancing the construction of a peaceful, stable, and prosperous international order.

Restorative Justice and Medical Services in Bangkok Metropolitan During COVID-19 Outbreak (2563 - 2564 B.E.)

Piyawat Dendumrongkul — Tue, 02 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0700

This descriptive study aims to study the characteristics of conflict and forms of conflict management which have not entered the main juridical process. It was studied by the data of tertiary care units in Bangkok and vicinities during the time of COVID-19 epidemics which also suggest the impact and the development of restorative justice application. Primary data was collected from hospitals’ conflict management unit through questionnaires. Secondly, in-depth interviews were conducted with clients who had experienced in medical disputes, conflict administrators, and mediators.

Of 19 surveys from the hospitals, indicated that providing inappropriate information and communication problems were the most conflict-related reasons (71.5 percent). It was also found that only a small portion of mediators have been trained in a formal mediation or conflict management study (12.2 percent). None of them were familiar with the concept of restorative justice. Moreover, in-depth interview revealed that the conflicts were mainly associated with clients’ doubt about the service, which caused damages and the pitfalls of communication, or service providers’ attitude. Lacking decision power, insincere and impartial mediation, unsympathetic service provider, and mismatched form of remedies, should be considered in conflict management. In line with the successful settlement of the conflict, complainants receive sufficient remedies, successful and consistent communication is provided. Therefore, executives should participate in conflict management, focus on workload, promote skills training for mediators and application with the principle of restorative justice, which focuses on healing damage and forgiveness, could successfully resolve conflicts.

Burnout of registered nurses in a medical correctional hospital

Suthida Tawitsang, Chardsumon Prutipinyo, Natnaree Aimyong — Tue, 02 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0700

The objective of this research was to study the burnout level of registered nurses and analyze the association between stress and burnout level in a medical correctional hospital. Sample size recruited was 134 sets of data, data collection was between March 10 – 31, 2023. Percentage, mean, standard deviation, and multiple logistics regression statistics were conducted.

The overall level of registered nurses’ burnout was low, which was categorized normal, with 54.8%. The group with a moderate level of burnout, considered the risk group, with 29.6%. The high-risk group, classified with a tendency to burnout was 14.8%. Those with high stress level was 6.29 times the risk of burnout compared to the low stress group (p-value = 0.006).

Recommendation is that administrators should use the research results as guidelines for promoting mental health care in prisons and correctional facilities, such as assessing, screening, mental health evaluation, counseling clinic, as well as being a guideline to promote mental health for other personnel in prisons and correctional institutions of the Department of Correction.

Activity-based costing of Complete Denture Services at Sena Hospital, Phra Nakhon Sri Ayutthaya Province

Boonyanuch Songmuang, Nittaya Pensirinapa, Warangkana Chankong — Tue, 02 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0700

The objectives of this research were to analyze unit cost of complete denture by activity-based costing method, and to compare with the reimbursement rates of each patient’s medical service-scheme.

This descriptive research used data related to the activity-based costs of complete denture by both service providers and clients’ perspective, as times, salary based from subdivision of finance, material and durable articles from dental supply register and subdivision of supplies. Research instruments were developed for the score of IOC (Index of Item Objective Congruence) 0.79 to 0.82 and then analyzed to determine percentages, averages and standard deviation. Data were collected from 15 November 2022 to 30 June 2023

The results showed that the unit cost of complete denture was 5,230.34 baht with the direct costs in descending order were 3,738.83 baht for material cost, 1,046.33 baht for labour cost, and 445.18 baht for capital cost – a cost ratio of 20.00: 71.48: 8.51. When comparing the unit cost with the rate of service fee reimbursement according to the patient’s rights, the cost was lower than the CSMBS at 769.66 BHT, but higher than the Universal Coverage package and Social Security Services package at 830.34 BHT. Study recommendations are: the hospital should outsource for private companies for dental prosthetic work according to the process, and develop the treatment guidelines to seamless procedures, for cost savings. Additionally, the medical care rights agency should have policy adjustment in service fee rates according to the service cost, and support for cost analysis of other dental services.

Successful factors and Guidelines for Sustainable Development in the Management of the Village Public Health Volunteer Club, Trang Province

Tawatchai Sunthonnon; Soontorn Prabket; Paisit Boonyakawee; Narong Chaitiang — Tue, 02 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0700

This is a qualitative research, analyzing and synthesizing documents from various reliable sources, and collecting multi-dimensional data through the perspective of the informants in the context that appeared as a case study. The objectives are: 1. To study the process of success in the management of village health volunteer clubs in Trang Province. 2. To study the guidelines for developing sustainability in the management of village health volunteer clubs in Trang Province. Data were collected by in-depth interviews, group chat, participatory and non-participant observation from experts with knowledge and experience, by using a selective method on defining the qualifications of qualified experts in groups, for a total of 25 persons, to cover necessary topics in the study. The data were analyzed using the principles of thematic analysis.

Results of the research found that 1. The process of success in managing the Village Health Volunteer Club, Trang Province, came from 7 administrative processes, consisting of 1) Planning 2) Organizing 3) Staffing 4) Directing 5) Coordinating 6) Reporting 7) Budgeting. 2., Discovering of new knowledge as a guideline for the club's identity, namely "TRANG", consisting of T: Teamwork R: Responsibility A: Area Based N: Needs for Developing and G: Good Governance. The findings from this research can be used for policy planning and development in the management of village health volunteer clubs in Trang Province towards sustainability.

Learning Spirituality, Well-being and Organizational Citizenship Behavior on Learning Engagement with SDT

Ping Wang, Yuna Yao, Yujun Jiang, Yingji Li — Tue, 02 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0700

The current wave of higher education popularization in China has led to a significant increase in university enrollments, providing access to college education for a vast number of individuals. However, this educational expansion has inadvertently led to a decrease in the overall commitment to learning among certain university students. This study aims to explore the factors influencing university students' learning engagement from the perspectives of spiritual learning, well-being, and organizational citizenship behavior, and establish a relevant relationship model using structural equation modeling. The data gathered from a cohort of 540 university students in Henan, China, was analyzed utilizing partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The results show that there is a positive relationship between learning spirituality and happiness (β = .326, p = 4.912), a positive relationship between learning spirituality and organizational citizenship behavior (β = .429, p = 5.310), a positive relationship between learning spirituality and learning engagement (β = .627, p = 8.996), a positive relationship between happiness and college students' organizational citizenship behavior (β = .274, p = 4.111), and a positive relationship between happiness and learning engagement (β = .007, p = .154). There is also a positive relationship between organizational citizenship behavior and learning engagement (β = .265, p = 4.073). This research contributes to behavioral science knowledge about global mobility by applying Self-determination theory and provides a new perspective for a deeper understanding of the factors influencing college students' learning engagement but also offers useful insights for educational management and intervention. Further research can focus on the mechanisms underlying learning engagement among different groups, cultures, and regions, in order to comprehensively enhance college students' learning outcomes and learning experiences.

Participation of village health volunteers in the prevention and control of coronavirus disease 2019 in Mueang Samut Sakhon District, Samut Sakhon Province

Sutatchaya Jumnong, Chardsumon Prutipinyo, Sariyamon Tiraphat — Tue, 19 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0700

This study has the following objectives: 1) Investigating the level of participation among village health volunteers in the prevention and control of coronavirus disease 2019 in Mueang Samut Sakhon District, Samut Sakhon Province. 2) Examining personal factors associated with the participation of village health volunteers in the prevention and control of coronavirus disease 2019 in Mueang Samut Sakhon District, Samut Sakhon Province. This is a descriptive study, focusing on the population of village health volunteers operating in Mueang Samut Sakhon District, Samut Sakhon Province. The sample size, determined through a simple random sampling method, comprised of 311 individuals. Data was collected through questionnaires as educational tools. The statistical methods employed for data analysis include frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and the chi-square test for association.

The study's findings indicate that the high level of participation in the prevention, management, and control of coronavirus disease 2019, occur in 54.6% of village health volunteers. Additionally, personal factors such as gender, age, education level, occupation, average income, and length of time as a village health volunteer are unrelated to the level of participation in preventing and controlling coronavirus disease 2019.

This study's significance lies in its potential to guide public health organizations in directing their efforts towards the prevention and control of other respiratory infectious diseases, or emerging epidemics within the community. Furthermore, it advocates for strengthened collaboration among village health volunteers to enhance the efficiency of disease prevention and control initiatives.

Sexual Harassment Preventive Behaviors Among Junior High School Students Under Bangkok Metropolitan Schools

Tue, 02 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Sexual harassment is a condition affecting a lot of people. Finding a solution to this issue is crucial because it is prevalent among students. This cross-sectional survey study, among junior high school students, under Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, with aims to 1) study the students' socio-demographic factors, including education, academic achievement, and experience of sexual harassment. 2) study the relationship between knowledge, attitudes, and sexual harassment preventive behaviors. 3) study factors to predict sexual harassment preventive behaviors.

Multistage random sampling was used to recruit 306 junior high school students. Data analysis for percentage, mean, standard deviation, Chi-square test, Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient and Stepwise Multiple Regression Analysis, were conducted.

The findings revealed that students' knowledge of sexual harassment (r = 0.354), attitudes towards sexual harassment (r = 0.373), and self-efficacy (r = 0.567), have positive correlation with preventive behaviour of sexual harassment at a moderate level with statistical significance (p-value <0.05). Factors predicting sexual harassment preventive behaviors with a statistical significance (p<0.05) included self-efficacy and knowledge of sexual harassment, which could predict for 36.1%. Recommendations are: the school should provide knowledge for students and staff in all departments, so that they are better equipped to prevent sexual harassment.

The study of the development of Thai traditional and alternative medicine services in primary health care center, Nakhon Si Thammarat province for the fiscal years 2022 -2023

Arporn Laksanavimol, Natthika Wirattinan — Tue, 02 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0700

The goal of this survey research is to examine the development of Thai traditional and alternative medicine services in Nakhon Si Thammarat province's primary health care center, for the fiscal years 2022–2023. The sampling size comprised of 254 responders of the survey questionnaire, including the directors of Queen Sirikit Health Center and Subdistrict Health Promoting Hospital. Descriptive data analysis was conducted for percentage. Much of the population was between the ages of 45 and 59, with the most services were from both modern medicine and Thai traditional medicine. The high level of benefits was from both Thai traditional medicine and alternative medicine services (50.39%). The highest level of benefits was for in-patients (52.76%), with a high level of benefits for personnel (51.97%), and highest level of benefits for society and community (48.43%). There were four components to the readiness to offer Thai traditional and alternative medicine services. 1) The majority of service providers were nurses (90.55%). 2) Herbal medicine dispensaries were the best prepared (95.67%). 3) Number of herbal medicine items: between 10 to 20 herbal medications (77.17%). 4) The most important issue preventing Thai traditional medicine services from being organized in primary care centers was a lack of funding. Recommendations: Increased staffing for Thai traditional medicine with medium and small sizes primary care centers, in response to the Department of Thai Traditional Medicine and Integrative Medicine's service plan for health services system development.