Journal of Public Administration, Public Affairs, and Management

Content

2025-06-30

An Examination of Factors Enhancing Sustainable Renewable Energy Consumption in Thailand During 2000-2020

Yongyooth Horthong — 2025-06-30

This paper examines the key factors influencing sustainable renewable energy consumption in Thailand from 2000 to 2020. This study is a mixed-methods design. The study employed multiple linear regression analysis (MLRA) in the quantitative phase to assess the impacts of the factors, while the qualitative phase included interviews with 23 interviewees from different organizations involved in Thailand’s renewable energy development. For the quantitative results, this study explored the relationships between twelve independent variables and sustainable renewable energy consumption (SREC) in Thailand from 2000 to 2020, using Pearson’s correlation analysis. The findings revealed complex and sometimes counter-intuitive relationships. Several variables exhibited strong and statistically significant negative correlations with SREC, including technology evolution (X1 = TE, r = -0.791, p < 0.01) and policy and regulatory changes for the commercial sector (X10 = PRCCS, r = -0.856, p < 0.01), industrial sector (X11 = PRCIS, r = -0.766, p < 0.01), and transportation sector (X12 = PRCTS, r = -0.749, p < 0.01), as well as the residential sector (X9 = PRCRS, r = -0.643, p < 0.01). These negative associations suggest that although such factors are often assumed to facilitate renewable energy adoption, they may in fact reflect cost-driven implementation strategies, technological transitions, or regulatory uncertainty that inhibit consumption. A moderate negative correlation was also found with government effectiveness (X6 = GE, r = 0.497, p < 0.05), indicating that institutional efficiency does not automatically translate into enhanced energy sustainability outcomes. In contrast, the democracy index (X8 = DI, r = 0.527, p < 0.01) demonstrated a significant positive correlation with SREC, emphasizing the role of participatory governance and political openness in promoting renewable energy use. Importantly, no statistically significant correlations were found between SREC and power generation costs (X2 = PGC,r = -0.192, p = 0.203), global crude oil price (X3 = GCOP, r = 0.208, p = 0.183), number of investment projects (X4 = NIP, r = -0.192, p = 0.203), political stability (X5 = PS, r = -0.323, p = 0.077), and regulatory quality (X7 = RQ, r = 0.053, p = 0.409), indicating limited or negligible direct effects. While the qualitative results indicate that interviewees agreed both entirely and partially, those factors are the most crucial in increasing sustainable renewable energy consumption in Thailand during that period. The study reveals a complicated network of factors that affect renewable energy consumption, which is essential for creating effective policies. It proposes five theoretical contributions to public administration and public policy, emphasizing the need for a multi-faceted approach to fully comprehend the transition to renewable energy development and policy.

Successful Integration of Policy Implementation by the Ministry of Interior and the Ministry of Public Health Through the Phuket Provincial Communicable Disease Committee During the Spread of the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Evidence from Phuket District in Thailand

Parkpob Sanidvong Na Ayudhaya — 2025-06-30

The objectives of this research were to examine the process of integrated policy implementation by the Phuket Provincial Communicable Disease Committee, an integrated government body between the Ministry of Interior and the Ministry of Public Health at the provincial level during the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in Phuket district and propose a model for effectively integrated policy implementation by two or more government agencies during a crisis. Qualitative method research was adopted. Documentary research and in-depth interviews were two qualitative methods employed to accomplish the research objectives. The results revealed that key success factors of public policy implementation process, integrated government, and cross-sector collaboration enabled the success of integrated policy implementation by the Phuket Provincial Communicable Disease Committee, as evidenced in Phuket district of Phuket province.

Policy Recommendations for the Strategic Implementation of Public Health Policy to Mitigate PM 2.5 Pollution through Artificial Intelligence: A Case Study on AI-Driven Lung Cancer Diagnosis

Techatach Khlaisokk — 2025-06-30

This study investigates the application of big data and artificial intelligence (AI) to support the formulation of evidence-based public health policy recommendations, with an emphasis on mitigating lung cancer risks linked to PM2.5 air pollution. Using 15,000 social media images, an AI model was trained via a convolutional neural network using Google’s Teachable Machine. The model achieved high performance with an accuracy of 100 percent and test accuracy of 99.5 percent, and low prediction error with loss of 0.01 percent and test loss of 1.67 percent. Key factors influencing policy implementation include policy resources, organizational capacity, and teamwork. The resulting AI model was deployed as a web application using the Python Flask framework, enabling real-time lung cancer diagnosis and rapid treatment responses. The study’s contributions include the design of a policy framework for the National Health Environment Data Center (NHEDC), the development of an AI-driven platform for real-time risk prediction, and the integration of proactive public health surveillance policy in high-risk PM2.5 areas.

Does Audit Committee Matter In Risk Management Practices? A Case Study Of Public Statutory Corporations In Tanzania

Gerald Soi — 2025-06-30

The study was designed to review the contribution of the audit committee in overseeing the efficiency of risk management practices in public statutory corporations in Tanzania Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire completed by 424 chief internal auditors and directors of finance from Public Statutory Corporations (PSCs) located in different parts of Tanzania and analysed using SmartPLS (PLS-SEM) version 4.0. The study examined how audit committee size, independence, and meetings significantly enhance risk management practices within public statutory corporations in Tanzania. The study discovered that audit committee size, independence, and meetings significantly predict the effectiveness of risk management practices in PSCs, and the audit committee is an important corporate governance tool to bridge the information asymmetry gap between the principal and agent. In general, the results can be used by policymakers, public statutory corporations, and the Tanzanian government to strengthen the audit committee’s oversight role, improve internal control systems, and create suitable strategies that will successfully execute risk management practices and ultimately accomplish their strategic objectives.

Prediction Market Policies

Saitulaa Na Ranong — 2025-06-30

Prediction markets are a mechanism for collating participants’ beliefs into a probability that a future outcome will take place. Their historical purpose was to provide governments, management, and other leadership with accurate forecasts, in order to inform future decision-making. Participants of prediction markets are financially rewarded for accurate predictions, incentivizing the communication of well-researched, unbiased views. Using qualitative research methods and meta-synthesis of prediction market implementations, this study examines practical approaches to prediction markets, using them to inform future practices. The provision of market liquidity by Automated Market Makers (AMM) is described, and examples of AMMs are detailed.

This article provides a policy framework for prediction markets, with a view to preventing negative side effects that may arise from their practice. Areas of potential concern are examined, with the example of a bank run as a case study, and restrictions on prediction market structure and on permissible contracts are devised as necessary to avoid adverse outcomes.

Sustainable Smart Cities through Collaborative Governance: The Role of Transformative Leadership

Kanokporn Sirisawat — 2025-06-30

This study evaluates the transformative leadership of local administrators in Mahasarakham Municipality within the framework of sustainable smart city planning. The objectives are to assess the strengths and weaknesses of transformative leadership, identify factors influencing its effectiveness in promoting collaborative governance, and examine challenges faced by administrators in implementing smart city initiatives. It further aims to propose strategies to enhance leadership capabilities and develop actionable recommendations for fostering multi-stakeholder collaboration. A mixed-method approach was employed, integrating questionnaires and interviews informed by theoretical frameworks and literature reviews. The study surveyed 400 residents and conducted focus group discussions with 20 participants. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS, while qualitative data were examined through content analysis and documentary research. Key findings reveal that transformative leadership, aligned with the smart city framework, is both effective and integral to robust network-based governance. Sustainable city management in Mahasarakham Municipality received high ratings, with strengths including a clear vision, strategic policies addressing urban issues, and responsiveness to public opinions. Weaknesses involve communication gaps between agencies and the public. Factors crucial for effective leadership include inter-agency connectivity and comprehensive data sharing, which require enhanced networking. Challenges center on securing cooperation across sectors to implement smart city policies. Effective smart city development demands inclusive participation, collective problem-solving, and leveraging stakeholder potential.

Generation Z's Leadership Competencies in VUCA Context: Applying the Theory of Holacracy in Talaingod, Davao del Norte, Philippines.

Roderick Olivar — 2025-06-30

In VUCA, leadership capability is the only variable used to achieve organizational success. Since Generation Z is a young generation of the labor force, there is an urgent need to discuss some of the competencies about leadership that are developed with these circumstances. This systematic review aggregates contemporary literature from 2014 to 2024 to explore how the traits of Generation Z, their leadership competencies, and the challenges presented by VUCA environments are interconnected. The study utilized a thorough review methodology to identify key competencies, socio-cultural influences, and theoretical frameworks, such as holacracy and situational leadership. The results emphasized the benefits of Generation Z in terms of digital technology skills, adaptability, and collaboration while also highlighting major gaps in competencies in strategic thinking and ambiguity management. This study provides actionables for organizations and decision-makers in recommending specific competency building initiatives and flexible leadership models to prepare Generation Z for leadership roles in fluid contexts.

Improving Public Participation in Myanmar's Energy Sector: Participatory Design for Power Generation Development

Hsu Myat Yadanar Thein — 2025-06-30

The power generation sector in Myanmar is facing public resistance, partly due to a lack of meaningful and inclusive public participation in this policy process. Public participation and meaningful policy deliberation are currently overlooked in the development of power generation projects. This study examines the issue by employing a qualitative research design, including documentary research and semi-structured interviews with key policy actors. The findings reveal three major categories of challenges, namely, institutional, perceptional, and capacity-related, that impede meaningful public participation in power generation projects. To address these challenges, the study proposes to redesign the project development process to integrate public inputs, drawing lessons from a participatory design approach.

Which natural resource governance arrangements empower local communities to shape development in Arakan State?: the Case Study of Shwe Gas Project

Ye Yint Aung — 2025-06-30

Several studies have previously explored the environmental impacts of the government's weak policies on natural resource production and the suffering experienced by the local population. A few research papers have discussed the role of local community empowerment in regional development. The government ignored the local people and the development of the region. It adopted policies that only favored the companies working on the project and the foreign companies' interests. Local people in the project area suffered negative impacts as the project progressed. Development projects affect local people negatively, including the environment and the confiscation of land. Despite several case studies of natural resource projects in Myanmar, there are not many papers that discuss the details of the projects as research papers with theoretical discussions. Therefore, we conducted a case study to evaluate the Kyaukphyu Shwe Gas Project to analyze the governance of the government on local people. A weak level of community participation was noticeable in the development of this project. Our findings suggest the need to strengthen the role of local communities in the development of their areas and empower them to participate in decision-making. Furthermore, this research emphasizes the need for a resource management framework that takes local opinions into account when developing a governance structure.

The Impact and Effectiveness of Mama Samia's Stoves Initiative in Tanzania Communities

Kweyamba Maximilian — 2025-06-30

This study examines the impact and effectiveness of Mama Samia’s Stoves Initiative on energy efficiency, health, and environmental sustainability in Tanzanian communities. Employing a convergent parallel mixed-methods approach, data were collected between June and September 2024 in Kiwangwa and Dunda Wards, Bagamoyo District Council. The study involved household surveys, air quality measurements, semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, and case study analyses of urban and rural settings.

Quantitative analysis, though limited to a small purposive sample of 12 households for air quality assessments due to logistical constraints, applied independent t-tests to compare air quality (PM2.5 levels), health outcomes, and stove adoption rates between users of Mama Samia’s stoves and traditional stoves. Chi-square tests were used to compare Mama Samia stove usage between urban and rural areas. A preliminary Chi-square test for association (though limited due to the small sample) indicates that adoption rates were higher in urban households than in rural ones, supporting the qualitative findings regarding disparities driven by income, accessibility, and information exposure. Qualitative data were thematically analysed to provide insights into perceived benefits, adoption barriers, and cultural influences.

Results showed significant reductions in biomass fuel use, leading to improved indoor air quality (p = 0.03) and decreased respiratory complaints (p = 0.01). Qualitative findings indicated increased awareness of environmental and health benefits, though cultural resistance to abandoning traditional cooking methods persisted, especially for specific meals and occasions. The study highlights the potential of the initiative to advance health outcomes, reduce environmental degradation, and deliver economic benefits. However, it also highlights the need to address cultural preferences, affordability challenges, and disparities in access, particularly between urban and rural households, to enhance adoption and ensure long-term sustainability.

These findings align with Sustainable Development Theory and contribute to the growing body of evidence on clean energy transitions in East Africa. The initiative demonstrates the potential to improve health, reduce environmental degradation, and provide economic benefits. However, the study highlights the importance of addressing cultural preferences and practical barriers to enhance acceptance and ensure sustainability. The study recommends inclusive, culturally informed, and adaptable implementation strategies for greater impact.