Journal of Public Administration, Public Affairs, and Management

Table of Content

Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0700

The Influence of the Board of Directors and Ownership Structures on the Performance of Listed Companies in Thailand and Vietnam

Suthat Wongsakulchai, Anchana NaRanong — Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0700

This study aims to explore the impact of the board of directors and ownership structures on the performance of publicly listed companies in Thailand and Vietnam. The research focuses on a sample of companies over a two-year period (2018 and 2022), including 907 listed companies from the Stock Exchange of Thailand and the Market for Alternative Investment, and 721 listed companies from the Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange and the Hanoi Stock Exchange, totaling approximately 2,398 observations. The study employs a quantitative research design, utilizing multiple linear regression analysis. The results, grounded in corporate governance practices and agency theory, reveal that the board of directors and ownership structures have statistically significant positive and negative effects on firm performance. These findings provide policy recommendations for policymakers and management, while also contributing to the literature on the relationships between the board of directors, ownership structures, and firm performance in both countries.

Social Capital Formation at Urban Level in Bangladesh: A Comparison of Two City Corporation

Md Nahidul Islam — Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0700

In a society that is becoming more urbanized, local governments are crucial to the welfare of the populace and the efficient provision of essential services. There is a consensus that strong metropolitan local governments are essential for generating sustained economic growth, improved public services, and the growth of social capital. The level of trust that residents have in their local government organizations is directly related to how satisfied they are with the services they receive. The purpose of the current study is to determine how satisfied Bangladeshi individuals are with city corporations, a type of urban local government entity. The goal of the study is to pinpoint the variables that may account for the variations in citizens' satisfaction with the establishment of social capital in urban local government organizations. The study used a hybrid methodology based on survey results and key informant interviews (KII), in which 200 respondents from each of the two city corporations in the nation shared their thoughts. This study contributes by suggesting some fresh angles for a better understanding of Bangladeshi citizens' levels of social capital formation toward city corporations.

Factors Promoting and Developing the Strength of Border Communities: The Case Study of Ban Kha District, Ratchaburi Province

Rapeepat Juntanintorn, Boonwat Sawangwong, Wanchak Noichan — Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0700

The purpose of this research is to: 1) study the level of SDGs in the area; 2) study factors influencing the SDGs; and 3) provide the framework for fostering and enhancing the community's strength. The research is mixed-method research. Interviews and surveys are used for data collection.

393 people of Ban Kha sample population is selected for quantitative study using Yamane’s method to determine the sample size. After the surveys, frequency, percentage, mean, Standard Deviation, and Multiple Linear Regression were used for data analysis. For qualitative study, 10 key informants were selected using non-probability sampling and purposive sampling method.

The research found that: 1) the level of opinions towards SDGs is at a moderate level; 2) hypothesis testing from Multiple Linear Regression found that factors influencing Sustainable Development Goals in the area are ‘natural resources and environment’, ;economic’, ‘community leaders’, and ‘cultural and learning’; 3) To encourage successful development, a framework for building and strengthening community strength must be centered on the area's distinctive identity using BANCA Model comprised of 5 major components which are 1) B: Basic factor, 2) A: Agricultural Model, 3) N: Network, 4) C: Capacity building, and 5) A: Aided Self-help. BANCA Model focused on 3 important aspects which are: 1) establishing ‘Stability’ across all dimensions whether it is the economic, social, environmental, political, social harmony, and stability in life, employment, and income.; 2) establishing ‘Prosperity’ in local economy by lowering poverty and distributing equal benefits in the community; 3) establishing ‘Sustainability’ by creating steady income and quality of life in the community following the Sufficiency Economy Philosophy. These three pillars—stability, prosperity, and sustainability—can serve as the foundation for the community business model that will benefit the Ban Kha community in the future. It can help strengthen local economy, build careers, create income, and increase quality of life following 17 Goals of SDGs.

Management and Stakeholder Collaborations of Community Colleges in Thailand

Winaicharn Sapparojpattana — Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0700

This study aims at, firstly, understanding and comparing management approaches of education administration in Pichit Community College and Phang-nga Community College, secondly, understanding and comparing stakeholder collaborations in Pichit Community College and Phang-nga Community College and, finally, recommending approaches for education management and stakeholder collaboration of community colleges in Thailand. A conceptual framework is derived from public value management concept and new public governance practices in public administrations, especially in education, in USA and other countries. The research design is a sequential mixed and multiple-case study with dominant qualitative research. The research comprises of quantitative and qualitative data collections and analyses. The quantitative data were collected by questionnaires from 411 inside and outside stakeholders from four community colleges, namely Nan Community College, Burirum Community College, Uthaithani Community College, and Narathiwat Community College, which represented four regions respectively. Analysis adopted some descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficient. The qualitative data were collected by individual in-dept interviews and group focused interviews from 49 inside and outside stakeholders of Pichit Community College, Phang-nga Community College, and Institute of Community Colleges. The analysis derived from chronologies, pattern matching and explanation building. It found that management approaches of education administration in Pichit Community College and Phang-nga Community College could respond to local communities only in short-term. Educational standards, planning, procedural operations, and resource allocations were legally bounded from the bureaucratic system in Bangkok. The strategic purpose and plan of developing middle-level manpower not being derived from local communities would not be effective in long-term. In addition, each and every stakeholder to both community college involved in the education management with limited extents and channels. At an individual level, stakeholders participated regularly in operational management in day-to-day activities. However, at an organizational level, cooperations from stakeholders emerged only on a non-binding case-by-case basis. This research recommended a structural reform in laws governing the community colleges in accordance with the empirically proved model of stakeholder leveraged within public value driven collaborative governance.

Competency Development among the Directors of Medium-Sized Subdistrict Health Promotion Hospitals under the Provincial Administrative Organizations in the Upper Northeastern Region

Kanokporn Sridacha, Viyouth Chamruspanth, Pornsan Piyanantisak — Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0700

This research article aims to (1) study the level of administrative competency of directors, (2) study the factors influencing the competency of directors, and (3) find ways to develop the competency of directors of medium-sized subdistrict health promotion hospitals under the provincial administrative organization in the upper northeastern region. Quantitative research method has been employed for conducting this research. Questionnaire was used for data collection from 147 samples, purposively selected, which were directors of medium-sized subdistrict health promotion hospitals under the provincial administrative organizations in the upper northeastern region. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis such as percentage, frequency, standard deviation and so on. The research results are as follows: (1) The majority of directors of medium-sized subdistrict health promotion hospitals (57.1 percent) have high level of overall administrative competency. (2) Four key factors were found to influence the administrative competency of directors of medium-sized subdistrict health promotion hospitals under the provincial administrative organizations in the upper northeastern region, namely (1) motivation. (ꞵ = 0.368) (2) leadership. (ꞵ = 0.321) (3) career advancement (ꞵ = 0.287) and (4) compensation and welfare (ꞵ = -0.316).

In addition, all variables entered in the stepwise multiple regression analysis equation were found to predict the variation of administrative competency of the directors by 83.2 percent (R^2 = 0.832).

Four guidelines were identified for development of the competency of directors of medium-sized subdistrict health promotion hospitals under Provincial Administrative Organizations in the upper Northeastern region: 1) a training program should be organized to promote the competency of directors, 2) administrative competency could be developed through self - learning, 3) a coaching team for the directors, composing of knowledgeable and skillful experts in public health, should be set up to provide advices related to the administration of subdistrict health promotion hospitals, and 4) a series of workshops should be organized to keep the hospital directors informed about laws, regulations, rules, administrative process and practices of provincial administrative organizations related to providing health services.

Harnessing Facebook by Gen Z to Mobilize Masses and Transform Student Protest into Revolution: A Study on Quota Reform Movement 2024 in Bangladesh

Md. Dilwar Hushen — Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0700

The Quota Reform Movement 2024 was initiated as a student-led protest highlighted on reforming the quota system in government jobs in Bangladesh. Initially it was confined to students only, the movement rapidly gained momentum through the strategic use of Facebook, where protesters (Gen Z) created pages and groups named "Baishammo Virudhi Chhatra Andolan" (Anti-Discrimination Student Protest) to organize protest, rallies, share movement activities and circulate videos, photos and news related to the protest. The movement reached a turning point when government-supported Chhatra League attacked on students particularly female participants and police opened fire on unarmed students resulting in six deaths in different universities on July 17, particularly Abu Sayed from Begum Rokeya University killed on July 16. These violent acts, documented and widely disseminated via social media, sparked public outrage. In response, the furious students initiated various protest strategies such as Bangla Blockades, Complete Shutdowns and Marches, alongside symbolic actions like changing Facebook profile pictures to red. Some revolutionary slogans, such as “Tumi ke? Ami ke? Razakar, Razakar” (“Who are you? Who am I? Traitor, Traitor”), further mobilized the masses. As the atrocities of the Sheikh Hasina government spread across social media through Facebook pages and groups, public sentiment grew stronger, transforming the students-led protest into a mass revolution which finally broke down Sheikh Hasina regime 2009-2024. The study is fully carried out through self funding and follows a descriptive methodology conducting on both primary and secondary data along with in-depth interviews. Finally, the study remarks that the future protests and movements will highly be influenced by modern technology.

The Relationship between Individual Learning Capability and Intention to Remain: A Case Study of The Semiconductor Industry in The Yangtze River Delta, China

Yao Yuan, Chaiyanant Panyasiri — Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0700

This research assesses the collective influence of organizational change cognition, organizational trust, and cynicism toward organizational change on employees’ intention to remain in the organization within the semiconductor industry in the Yangtze River Delta, China. Then intention to remain, while analyzing the mediating role of organizational change cognition and organizational trust. Data were collected from 405 full-time employees working in semiconductor companies in the Yangtze River Delta, China. The study employed Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) via AMOS to assess the model fit indices, yielding strong goodness-of-fit results, confirming the reliability and validity of the measures.

The findings reveal a significant correlation between individual learning capability and intention to remain, indicating both direct and indirect connections with change cognition and organizational trust acting as mediating variables. The interaction among learning capability, trust, and cynicism collectively affects employees’ intention to remain, whereas change cognition shows no significant direct correlation with intention to remain.

Book Review: Local Interests: Politics, Policy, and Interest Groups in US City Governments by Sarah F. Anzia

Watcharapol Supajakwattana — Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0700