PAYAP UNIVERSITY JOURNAL

Backside in Vol. 35 No. 2

Phuwat Thainta — Thu, 11 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Cover in Vol. 35 No. 2

Phuwat Thainta — Thu, 11 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Bibliography

Phuwat Thainta — Thu, 11 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Digital Era Leadership among Graduate Students in Educational Administration: A Study on Learning Practices and Self-management

Aujcharapun Pumpaka, Hiran Prasarnkarn — Thu, 11 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

In the era where digital technology plays a profound role in education systems, digital leadership has become an essential attribute for those aspiring to educational leadership positions, especially for graduate students in educational administration. This article aims to study, analyze, and synthesize the concept of digital leadership within the context of graduate education by examining approaches to learning and self-management. The study employed a literature review and analysis of related research. The discussion revealed that digital leadership comprises technological skills, self-regulation, vision communication, and digital ethics, all of which are related to expressing leadership in an educational context. It also found that promoting critical thinking, the ethical use of technology, and a vision that keeps pace with change are all crucial foundations of digital-age leadership. Therefore, this article proposes guidelines for educational institutions and instructors on creating a learning environment that fosters leadership among student teachers and educational administrators.

The Cube and the Dimensions of Relationship in Ephesians 4:13

Duangsuda Sribuaai — Thu, 11 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This academic article aims to demonstrate the dimensions of “relationship” from the teachings regarding growth into the fullness of Christ, to foster an understanding of “relationship” that can lead to the fullness of Christ, and to promote awareness and practical application according to biblical teachings, Ephesians 4:13, states, “Until we all reach the unity of faith and in the knowledge of the Son of God and become mature, attaining to the whole measure of the fullness of Christ.” This verse read in isolation, however, fails to clearly relay the meaning of reaching the fullness of Christ. It results in a picture of Christian’ lives focusing mainly on the relationship between themselves and God, or solely on the relationship between themselves and fellow humans and the natural world created by God, but only in one dimension. Such an understanding or image is just the beginning of understanding relationships, because if Christians are to attain spiritual maturity or reach the fullness of Christ, they must achieve a balance in those relationships and return to a single point - that is, unity with God.

In this article, the author conducts an interpretive analysis using theological principles, a method widely accepted by biblical scholars to grasp the true meaning intended by biblical writers for their original readers. Therefore, the theological criteria used in this study includes biblical interpretation theories, which examine the historical background concerning the social circumstances of the original writers and readers (first- century Christians in Ephesus and vicinity), and also considers the text within its context and analyzes meanings of the words in the original language. In synthesizing the meaning of the phrase “attain to maturity,” the author also presents a concept involving a straight line on a “cube” (a three-dimensional square), linking ideas from mathematical sciences to clarify theological understanding of relationships in human life. This analysis includes: (1) extending the understanding of the phrase “reach unity” as stemming from diverse relationship dimensions, similar to the components of a straight line on a cube. (2) visualizing methods to balance various relationships that Christians need to practice comprehensively in all aspects. (3) creating awareness among Christians that the relationships they hold require continuous development; that is, reducing the distance between two parties by increasing closeness in each relationship, aiming to restore unity among God, humans, and all creation; and (4), providing an accurate and clear comprehension of Ephesians 4:13, particularly in explaining what it signifies for Christians to achieve maturity or the fullness of Christ in their lives.

Rethinking Chiangmai: King Mangrai, Power, and Global Climate

Manawat Promrat — Thu, 11 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This article investigates the history of Lanna during the founding of Chiang Mai through the analytical framework of the longue durée history, with particular emphasis on global climatic factors. The study pursues two main objectives: (1) to trace evidence of global climatic fluctuations during the late thirteenth to early fourteenth centuries, marking the end of the Medieval Warm Period as reflected in Lanna historical documents, and (2) to analyze the relationship between King Mangrai’s territorial expansion during the state formation of Chiang Mai and regional climatic changes.

The findings suggest, first, that early Lanna chronicles contain accounts consistent with evidence from other regions regarding climatic irregularities in the same period. Second, the severe global climatic changes occurring in temperate zones were closely linked to Mangrai’s expansion into the more fertile southern areas. As a newly established ruler, Mangrai reinforced his political legitimacy through the creation of water management systems and the urban planning of Chiang Mai. These measures not only effectively responded to climatic instability but also elevated Chiang Mai into a new religious center. Central to this transformation was the sacred Ping River, which became a key axis in the construction of both legitimacy and political authority.

Teaching English as a Lingua Franca (ELF): Principles and Pedagogical Approaches for Multilingual Classrooms

Thu, 11 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This article presents the principles and pedagogical approaches of teaching English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) to enhance effective teaching and learning in multilingual classrooms It proposes three core principles of language proficiency: (1) moving beyond native-speaker norms by emphasizing comprehension of communication in English as lingua franca, (2) embracing accent diversity while de-emphasizing native-like pronunciation, and (3) promoting fluency for smooth and mutual communication. Furthermore, it highlights key pedagogical approaches such as cultural sensitivity, flexible linguistic norms, error tolerance, and cultural awareness. Complementary teaching frameworks, including Task-Based Learning (TBL), Content-Based Instruction (CBI), Real-World Learning (RWL), and Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) are emphasized, these approaches aim to fostering inclusive learning environments and effective intercultural communication.

Knowledge and Behavior toward Household Accounts Based on the Sufficiency Economy Philosophy of the People in Nong Faek Subdistrict Municipality, Saraphi District, Chiang Mai Province

Monrudee Maungrung, Tawonrat Churwongboon, Plubpeung Puangtanasarn — Thu, 11 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study aimed to 1) compare the knowledge of household accounting grounded in the Sufficiency Economy Philosophy and the behavior of individuals in applying this philosophy in their daily lives, and 2) examine the relationship between knowledge and behavior related to household accounting based on the Sufficiency Economy Philosophy among residents of Nong Faek Sub-district Municipality in Saraphi District, Chiang Mai Province. The sample comprised 354 households from the Nong Faek Sub-district Municipality, selected through a simple random sampling method. Data collection was conducted by using a questionnaire, and the analysis involved both descriptive and inferential statistics, including independent samples T-tests, one-way analysis of variance, and Pearson's correlation coefficient to explore the relationships.

According to the study, the average score for knowledge of household accounting based on the Sufficiency Economy Philosophy was 7.30, indicating a moderate level. In contrast, the overall average score for applying the Sufficiency Economy Philosophy in daily life was 4.47, reflecting a high level of behavior. The comparisons of knowledge of household accounting based on factors such as gender, age, occupation, education level, family income, and family expenditure revealed statistically significant differences. Similarly, the analysis of behaviors associated with the application of the Sufficiency Economy Philosophy, categorized by occupation, education level, family income, and family expenditure also demonstrated statistically significant differences. Furthermore, the study explored the relationship between knowledge of household accounting and behaviors related to the Sufficiency Economy Philosophy, finding a statistically significant moderate correlation (r = .470) in the same direction. In light of these findings, it is recommended that the sub-district municipality and relevant private sector organizations collaborate to promote and facilitate training and knowledge dissemination regarding household accounting through the Sufficiency Economy Philosophy. This should include organizing activities aimed at motivating and encouraging public participation in household accounting, which would ultimately lead to improved financial discipline within families. Such an approach would enable families to plan and manage their expenses in alignment with their income, thereby fostering moderation, prudence, and resilience in their lives.

Accounting Control through Technology Acceptance toward the Quality of Accounting Information in Local Churches under The First District of the Church of Christ in Thailand

Thodsaporn Chaiprakong, Pathomchai Kornlert , Kannika Janin — Thu, 11 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research aims to study accounting control leading to the quality of accounting information, and accounting control through technology acceptance toward the quality of accounting information in local churches under The First district of the Church of Christ in Thailand. The purpose is to assist church administrators in managing accounting effectively and analyzing accounting information efficiently for decision-making, thereby contributing to the development of an appropriate accounting information system. The participants of this study consisted of 146 local churches under The First District of the Church of Christ in Thailand, selected through purposive sampling from authorized personnel using a structured questionnaire as the research instrument. The data were analyzed using a structural equation modeling (SEM) approach. The research findings revealed that accounting control had a positive influence on the quality of accounting information. Appropriate accounting control ensures that information is accurate, reliable, and represents a true and fair view, which supports effective decision-making. The influence value is 0.421, with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.178. Furthermore, accounting control has an indirect influence on the quality of accounting information through technology acceptance. This is because effective control helps ensure that operations align with proper directions in adopting information technology within the organization, enhancing the efficiency of data for decision-making. The indirect influence value is 0.233, with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.873.

Effects of Group Counseling Based on Positive Psychology and Gratitude to Increase Subject Well-Being in Undergraduate Students

Sano Buasorn, Teerawan Teerapong — Thu, 11 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research investigated the effects of group counseling based on positive psychology and gratitude on enhancing subjective well-being. The participants were 23 undergraduate students in Chiang Mai Province during the 2024 academic year. The sample was selected using a non-probability purposive sampling method assigned to experimental and control groups. The instruments included a measure of subjective well-being encompassing three dimensions: 1) life satisfaction, 2) positive affect, and 3) negative affect, as well as a group counseling program based on positive psychology and gratitude. Data was analyzed using an independent t-test for between-group comparisons and a paired t-test for within-group comparisons.

The results showed that the experimental group demonstrated statistically significant improvements at the .05 level, with increased life satisfaction and positive affect, and decreased negative affect, after the intervention. When comparing the post-test mean scores between the experimental and control groups, the experimental group showed significantly higher life satisfaction and positive affect (p < .05). Although the experimental group had lower negative affect than the control group, the difference was not statistically significant.

Legal Measures to Prevent and Suppress Human Trafficking: A Comparative Study of Thai and The United State of America Laws

Vanlapa Munmuang, Sann Tantichattanon — Thu, 11 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research aims to (1) study the suitability and problems of measures to prevent and suppress human trafficking in Thailand, (2) compare the United States Human Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 with the laws and measures of Thailand, and (3) study the guidelines for Thailand's promotion to Tier 1 of the TIP Report. This is a qualitative research, based on the study of secondary data from reliable sources both domestically and internationally, and analyzing the data using content analysis.

The Study found that, the United States is ranked in Tier 1 and Thailand in Tier 2, with both countries' human trafficking laws consistent with their efforts to develop laws to meet international standards. It was also found that the two countries differ in their definitions of human trafficking, victim identification methods, victim protection, prosecution policies, stringent penalties, and international dimensions.

Based on the above research, Thailand should establish a national TIP Report to assess the situation in victims' countries of origin and restructure the working mechanisms of the Royal Thai Police to enhance the elimination of human trafficking in Thailand.

Current Conditions of Faith of Christians in the Gen Z Group in Chiang Mai: A Case Study of Church Members Affiliated with the 10th and 11th Ministerial Units under the 1st District of the Church of Christ in Thailand

Chananporn Jaisaodee — Thu, 11 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study aimed to examine the faith of Generation Z Christians in Chiang Mai Province across three dimensions: personal, communal, and missional. It also sought to identify approaches for strengthening their faith. The research employed a mixed-methods design, combining quantitative data from questionnaires with qualitative data from focus group discussions. The case study focused on church members in Pastoral Zones 10 and 11 under District 1 of the Church of Christ in Thailand. The findings revealed that the overall level of faith among participants was (X = 3.87, S.D. = 0.037). The personal dimension scored the highest (X = 4.27, S.D. = 0.380), followed by the missional dimension (X = 3.87, S.D. = 0.037), while the communal dimension scored the lowest (X = 3.43, S.D. = 0.760). These results were consistent with the qualitative data, which indicated that participants emphasized the importance of personal and missional faith more than communal aspects. Recommendations for strengthening faith among Gen Z Christians include creating meaningful faith experiences connected to daily life, encouraging genuine participation, providing creative spaces for expression, and developing accessible communication strategies. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of Gen Z Christian faith and offers practical insights for developing youth ministry that aligns with the contemporary context.

Strategies for Naming Restaurants Providing Services in Food Delivery Applications in Mueang District Chiang Mai Province

Sorasak Chiewchan — Thu, 11 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research aims to examine the naming strategies of restaurants on food delivery applications in Mueang District, Chiang Mai Province. Restaurant names were randomly selected from three platforms Foodpanda, Grab, and Lineman with 128 names from each platform, totalling 384 names. The data were analysed using tabular summaries and content analysis. The findings revealed that restaurants aimed to communicate with customers through eight types of names: food types, restaurant locations, owner names, food flavours, origins of ingredients, cooking methods, characteristics of ingredients, and pricing. In terms of language use, six types were identified: Thai, English, a mix of Thai and English, Chinese, Japanese, and a mix of Thai and Chinese. Additionally, six types of linguistic features were observed: English transliteration, slang, regional dialects, clipped words, abbreviations, and reduplication.