Ratthaphirak Journal

Polygraph as the New Role for Prevention and Suppression of Torture and Enforced Disappearance

2024-05-21T16:42:38+07:00

Due to the enforcement of The Prevention and Suppression of Torture and Enforced Disappearance Act 2022, the current criminal investigation by the police must be conducted with discretion, without causing any physical or mental harm to the subject, and with the protection of Human Rights as the highest priority. To obtain information and/or confessions from a witness or suspect, it is necessary to enhance the police investigative process with the appropriate psychological mechanisms or tools for examining the testimony of witnesses, suspects, and even victims who involved in such a crime. The purpose of this article is to discuss the possibilities of using the polygraph as one of the Investigative Psychology instruments that have been utilized for decades in both nationally and internationally legal proceedings, regarding the testimony of the person involved in the case. In order to reduce the issue of physical and verbal torture by government officials, this shall be a further alternative instrument for enhancing criminal investigative standards based on scientific principles.

Enhancing the Value of Sugarcane Leaves and Tops through Bio-based Product Development for Reducing PM 2.5

2024-08-02T10:11:06+07:00

This article provides information on utilizing sugarcane leaves and tops—an agricultural waste abundant in sugarcane plantation areas in Thailand—to add value to various products, aiming to reduce PM 2.5. The article addresses: (1) The sugarcane situation in the 2022/2023 crop year (2) General information about sugarcane (3) The potential use of sugarcane leaves and tops for biomass electricity in sugar mills (4) Emissions of CO2 and PM 2.5 from burning sugarcane leaves and tops (5) The ratio of biomass production used to estimate the quantity available (6) The heat and humidity of fuel used to assess the potential of plants in Thailand (7) An assessment of the biomass's ability produced from sugarcane leaves and tops in 2022/2023 (8) Benefits derived from using sugarcane leaves and tops as feedstock for biomass production (9) Approaches to utilizing sugarcane leaves and tops as value-added biomass products (specifically as biomass fuel) to reduce PM 2.5.
The learner earnestly hopes that this article will substantially benefit the public sector, private sector, sugarcane farmers, and the general public by providing preliminary information for informed decisions and further action on the enhanced use of sugarcane in value-added applications.

Voluntary Carbon Credits Trading from Reforestation T-VER Projects in Thailand

2024-08-02T10:16:58+07:00

The Thailand Voluntary Emission Reduction Program (T-VER) was initiated by Thailand Greenhouse Gas Management Organization (Public Organization, or TGO) in 2014. It aims to encourage all sectors, particularly small project developers, to voluntarily participate in greenhouse gas reduction efforts in the country. Carbon credits certified under the program are called TVERs and can be used for carbon offsetting at the organizational, product, event, and individual levels. This article clarifies the voluntary carbon credit trading process in Thailand, focusing specifically on TVER credits from forestry projects. It also explains how individuals can participate in the T-VER program by either developing a project or trading carbon credits.
There are two main options for trading voluntary carbon credits in Thailand: the first option is Over-the-Counter (OTC), this involves direct negotiation between the buyer and seller of the carbon credits, once a transaction is agreed upon, it must be registered with the TGO's Carbon Credit Registry System. The second option is Carbon Credit Exchange Platform, this involves buying and selling carbon credits through a centralized exchange, such as the FTIX Carbon Credit Exchange Platform. Currently, Over-the-Counter trading dominates the market, accounting for roughly 99% of transactions in Thailand, this is likely because the FTIX, managed by the Federation of Thai Industries, is a recent development in Thailand. Furthermore, it has been found that the prices of TVERs carbon credits in Thailand are generally on par with those in international markets.

Creating Digital Citizens Aware Using Social Media for National Security

2024-08-27T09:47:10+07:00

Internet usage is evolving. Growing at a rapid pace and has played a role in the daily lives of people at all levels and in every family. On the one hand, social media is significant and very beneficial, whether it is in the area of education or in the search for knowledge around the globe. However, social media can also destabilize society and cause societal conflicts because it is a route for communication that can instantaneously and quickly transfer information. Therefore, if incorrect information is passed on without being verified first, it could be dangerous. Likewise, there are people who do not intend to intentionally pass on information that is wrong, distorted, malicious by techniques or methods, and various technologies. Consequently, social media has an impact on national security. It is unquestionable that social media is now utilized as a tool to incite, instigate, and slander the credibility of government and major national institutions. To prevent further damage or instilling wrong thoughts in users, control measures have been established to control concurrently with preventive measures and set a policy to practice seriously. By specifying a time frame and allowing decision-makers to come and supervise it by making it a law to be a rule for Thailand in the future. In order to create digital citizens who understand the norms of proper use of social media and have a responsibility to continue using technology.

International Labor Convention No. 155 Channels of opportunity for improving Safety Thailand

2024-08-27T09:50:29+07:00

This academic article presents the guidelines for Thailand's preparation for ratifying the International Labour Convention No. 155 on Occupational Safety and Health which lead to the development of Thailand's occupational safety and health system, including creating acceptance and keeping up with the changing context on the world stage which analyses Thailand's safety and occupational health situation, Principles of the International Labour Convention No. 155, information on how to drive or operate, and recommendations on Thailand's readiness to ratify the convention.

The Preparation of Being ASEAN's Logistics Hub: The case of border trade in Thailand

2024-05-24T08:08:24+07:00

Thailand is located at the center of ASEAN and is bordered by Myanmar, Laos, Cambodia, and Malaysia. Therefore, it has the potential to be developed as a transportation and logistics hub of ASEAN. Being the hub of ASEAN will promote economic activities, especially border trade which has become more important nowadays and has the potential to continually expand in the future. This article aims to present the key factors affecting border trade and the success factors to promote logistics standards by applying principles and concepts to the strategies and implementation plans, thus preparing to be ASEAN's logistics hub.

Promoting hemp as a future crop of Thailand

2024-03-20T20:32:30+07:00

The National Strategy (2018-2037) is the country’s first national long-term strategy developed pursuant to the Constitution. It shall be pursued to ensure that the country achieves its vision of becoming “a developed country with security, prosperity and sustainability in accordance with the Sufficiency Economy Philosophy” with the ultimate goal being all Thai people’s happiness and well-being.

Bio-Circular-Green Economic Model or BCG has been introduced by the research community and promoted by the Thai government as a new economic model for inclusive and sustainable growth. The BCG Strategic Plan will focus on 4 sectors, namely 1. food and agriculture, 2. medical and wellness, 3. bioenergy, biomaterial and biochemical, and 4. tourism and creative economy. The model also conforms with the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and is also intended to align with the Sufficiency Economy Philosophy (SEP) which is also the key principle of Thailand’s social and economic development. Food and agriculture, in the view of Thai government is the important tools for the BCG model based on Thailand’s strengths.

This research will look at hemps as the vital raw material for Thailand’s future food industry comparing with soybeans, which are the major raw material for plants base foods in Thailand in the context of BCG model and also look at hemps for other industry to utilize the crop, presents to the concern authorities to promote the large scales cultivation of hemp which will be huge interest of the country substantially.

Guidelines for solving drug problems in Thailand: A case study Guidelines for developing cooperation between Provincial Police Region 4 and network partners in surveillance and solve the problems of psychiatric patients due to Drug abuse causes violence in the community

2024-05-21T10:54:35+07:00

This research has the following objectives: 1) to study the operating model of the Provincial Police Region 4 and its network partners; 2) to study the problems and obstacles in the coordination and cooperation of the Provincial Police Region 4 and its network partners; 3) to suggest guidelines for coordinating the operations of relevant agencies. For this study, the researcher relied on qualitative research methods that focused on descriptive analysis. There were 3 main types of study methods: 1) Survey from documents 2) Field research from in-depth interviews 3) Focus group discussion. Key informants are officers of Provincial Police Region
4 and official of agencies in network partners, totaling 20 persons.

The research results found that the operating model of Provincial Police Region 4 in cooperation with network partners is a formal type, which has
a management model based on the concept of Network Governance and the concept of Collaborative Governance. There are problems and obstacles in coordination, including 1) problems in misunderstanding the definitions of psychiatric patients with dangerous conditions; 2) problems with the patient, family, and community; 3) problems with boundaries between work procedures. This problem can be solved by enhancing understanding of definition, steps to follow, and publicising them to all sectors.

The researcher proposes guidelines for coordinating practices as follows: 1) The concept of setting up a Community Isolation to be a place to accommodate patients after arresting and waiting for a doctor to diagnose, give treatment or receive medicine. In addition, it is a place to stay while waiting for a bed to become available or waiting for readiness treat at psychiatric hospital or Thanyarak Hospital. 2) The concept of operating the center “Mini Thanyarak” which is characterized by increasing and distributing treatment services for psychiatric patients to community hospitals. and creating cooperation for people in the community to take care of themselves.

Approach for Digital Twin Technology Adoption for National Telecommunication Infrastructure Development

2024-05-21T11:52:25+07:00

This research was conducted because it was seen that many countries tend to drive economic and social development policy by emphasizing on digital infrastructure elevation as a foundation of such development and utilizing new technologies as key elements. Digital Twin, emerged from new technological convergence, therefore, is interesting to be adopted for the development. For this reason, this research aims at (1) examining Digital Twin process and adoption practice in other countries, (2) analyzing problems, obstacles, and key success factors, and (3) proposing policy recommendation for promotion of Digital Twin adoption for telecommunication infrastructure development.
The research was found that Digital Twin consisted of three main parts; real space containing physical objects, virtual space containing 3D virtual objects, and the link for data flow from real space to virtual space. Digital Twin has been widely put into practice in smart city and industrial development. However, when considering ecosystem, it still faces key challenges such as lack of ultra-broadband infrastructure and expertise. Therefore, it is necessary to form top-down and bottom-up policies, to design human-centric application, to elevate data security and to stimulate innovation development, which are considered as key success factors.
It can be proposed that policy recommendations include the need for telecommunication resource allocation for available utilization, promotion of critical backbone network deployment, promotion of variety of device to support massive interconnection, promotion of data center investment in the country, and enhancement of collaboration to fulfil the growth and development of Digital Twin ecosystem.