Romphruek Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences

The Exercise of Citizens’ Right to Access Official Information for Monitoring Government Agencies under the Official Information Act B.E. 2540

2025-06-23T13:53:04+07:00

This article explores the right of citizens to access official information under Thailand’s Official Information Act B.E. 2540 (1997), which serves as a crucial mechanism embodying the principle of “disclosure as the rule, secrecy as the exception” in a democratic system where sovereignty belongs to the people. The study finds that, despite the Act clearly stipulating the rights of citizens and the duties of the state—alongside the establishment of the Official Information Disclosure Board as a dispute resolution body—practical implementation faces significant challenges. These include structural constraints, such as the lack of efficient information storage and retrieval systems, as well as the attitudes of certain officials who still regard official information as state property rather than a fundamental right of citizens. Furthermore, the fact that the Board’s rulings are not directly binding in administrative terms, coupled with the absence of penalties for officials who violate these rights, compels citizens to rely on the Administrative Court process, which involves lengthy procedures and legal costs.

This article therefore proposes legislative reforms to enhance the binding effect of the Board’s rulings and establish penalties for agencies or officials who fail to comply. It also advocates structural improvements—such as developing modern information systems, providing training for officials, and raising public awareness that exercising the right to request official information is a means of safeguarding public interests. Such measures would strengthen good governance, prevent corruption, and foster a sustainable culture of accountability and checks and balances in a democratic society.

The Changing Role of the English Language in the Age of Artificial Intelligence

2025-10-31T13:31:16+07:00

This academic article aims to analyze the evolving role of English in the era of Artificial Intelligence (AI), where advanced technologies significantly influence the learning and use of English worldwide. Traditionally, English has served as a lingua franca and global language in business, academia, and intercultural communication. However, the emergence of Natural Language Processing (NLP), real-time translation, and academic writing tools such as Grammarly, Quillbot, and ChatGPT has reshaped the landscape of English language education, intercultural communication, and professional practices. This academic article discusses both the opportunities and challenges arising from these changes, including ethical concerns, technological inequalities, reliability and bias in AI-generated content, and the need for curriculum reforms that integrate AI literacy with English literacy. Findings suggest that English remains highly significant, yet its role is shifting from being “a mandatory global language” to “a complementary language used alongside AI” to enhance efficiency, credibility, and access to global knowledge.

Optimizing Deeplabv3+ with Multi-Scale Attention for Semantic Segmentation

2025-10-29T10:56:38+07:00

DeepLabv3+, a leading model for semantic segmentation, often struggles with high computational costs and inadequate multi-scale representation, leading to blurred boundaries and poor detection of small-scale targets. To overcome these challenges, our work introduces an efficient network built upon the lightweight MobileNetV2 backbone that incorporates three novel modules. First, our DENS-ASPP module replaces the standard ASPP to better capture multi-scale features using a densely connected atrous cascade. These features are then refined by the SEA module, which applies spatial attention for modeling extensive, direction-sensitive contextual information. The last component of our architecture is the DCE module, which enhances the decoder with coordinate attention, embedding positional information to sharpen object details. Our model achieves 72.56% mIoU and 87.28% mPA on the PASCAL VOC 2012 dataset, demonstrating that this integrated framework yields substantial gains in segmentation performance.

The Analysis of Generative AI Prompts for Selling Images on the Adobe Stock Website

2025-07-30T16:22:28+07:00

A/B test over 1,100 images and collect behavioral metrics from the Adobe Stock Contributor Dashboard, including Impressions, Clicks, CTR, Downloads, Revenue, and Time to First Download (TTFD), weekly across six weeks (February 1–April 10, 2025).

Results show emotional prompts consistently outperform technical prompts: CTR 27.1% vs. 14.9%, clicks per image 12.8 vs. 3.2, and TTFD 2.5 vs. 6.5 days, while total downloads remain comparable. These findings indicate that emotionally resonant prompt design enhances user engagement and strengthens marketing effectiveness for stock imagery. We provide practical guidance on prompt composition and using behavioral metrics—especially CTR and TTFD—for content planning and long-term revenue optimization.

Enhancing Trade Show Value through Servitization Strategies

2025-09-09T13:48:21+07:00

The trade show industry is experiencing a strategic shift as professional exhibition organizers (PEOs) increasingly implement technology-enabled servitization to enhance participant value, personalize experiences, and build long-term relationships. This study explores how digital technologies can be embedded into auxiliary services that extend value beyond traditional exhibition formats. Using a qualitative, exploratory approach, in-depth interviews with twelve exhibition professionals from Europe, Asia-Pacific, and Thailand uncovered four key service transformation dimensions: Technology-Enhanced Services, Customer-Centric Approaches, Organizational Readiness, and Workforce Competency Development. These findings offer a practical framework for integrating digital servitization into trade show management, helping PEOs deliver innovative, hybrid, and CRM-enabled exhibition services in an evolving competitive landscape.

The Impact of Business Risk and Corporate Governance on the Performance of Companies in the Real Estate and Construction Sector Listed on the Stock Exchange of Thailand

2025-09-19T11:59:20+07:00

The objectives of this research are: (1) to examine the impact of business risk on the performance of companies in the Real Estate and Construction Sector Listed on the Stock Exchange of Thailand, (2) to examine the impact of corporate governance on the performance of companies in the Real Estate and Construction Sector Listed on the Stock Exchange of Thailand. The study employed secondary data from the online SETSMART database of the Stock Exchange of Thailand, in the Annual Report From 56-1 and annual reports, covering the period from 2020 to 2024 (a total of five years). The sample group consisted of 92 companies in the real estate and construction sector listed on the Stock Exchange of Thailand. The statistics, used for information analysis, included descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis.

The results of the study reveal that business risk, specifically the Average Collection Period (ACP), has a significant negative impact with firm performance, at the 0.01 significance level. Additionally, the Debt to Total Asset Ratio (DA) and Debt to Equity Ratio (DE) show significant negative impact with firm performance, at the 0.01 and 0.05 significance levels, respectively. Regarding corporate governance, the results reveal that Board Size has a significant positive impact with firm performance at the 0.01 significance level, while the proportion of Independent Directors has a significant positive impact with firm performance at the 0.05 significance level.

Thai Passengers’ Expectation toward High-Speed Rail travel on the Bangkok-Khon Kaen Route

2025-07-14T14:51:31+07:00

This survey research aims 1) to study expectation of Thai passengers toward High-Speed Rail travel comparing to low-cost carriers for Bangkok-Khon Kaen route 2) to identify demographic factors influencing Thai passengers’ expectations toward High-Speed Rail travel, and 3) to explore behavioral intention of Thai passengers to travel with High-Speed Rail. This study applied questionnaires as a tool to collect data from 400 Thai passengers used to travel with low-cost carriers on Bangkok-Khon Kaen route. Data was analyzed with descriptive statistics; frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation and hypothesis testing were conducted by t-test and F-test. The findings revealed that comparing to low cast carriers, the most attribute that Thai passengers expected from High-Speed Rail travel was safety while the least was availability. Differences in gender, age, occupation, education level, and income were statistically found significant factors influencing Thai passengers’ expectation toward High-Speed Rail travel in various aspects.

Development of Learning Organization Model For Bangkok Bank Employees Provincial region (Central region 4)

2025-09-10T16:15:16+07:00

The mixed methods research aimed to study: 1) Current conditions and problems of learning organizations. 2) factors affecting the development of a learning organization. 3) Development of Learning Organization Model. And 4) Evaluating of the Learning Organization Model. The sample included 20 persons of district presidents, managers, assistant managers and operational staff from Bangkok Bank employees, provincial region (Central region 4). Who had at least three years of experience in their positions. The qualitative research sample was 20 people. The quantitative research sample comprised 222 people. Tools and statistics used were as follows 1) Interview using content analysis 2) a questionnaire using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis.

The research results found that: 1) The current situation is competitive with the rapid and severe ongoing changes in the management environment, resulting in the organization attempting to turn itself into a learning organization in order to survive business operations. However, there is insufficient personnel to provide services and a lack of in-depth knowledge in operations. Therefore, meetings must be held to clarify, emphasize, train, follow up, and evaluate work performance periodically. 2) An study of interviews combined with a review of relevant literature revealed five 5 factors affecting the development of a learning organization and six aspects of being a learning organization. 3) Development of a learning organization model consisted of (1) The level of factors affecting and becoming learning organizations was overall high. (2) The relationship between factors affecting and becoming a learning organization had a positive relationship, with a statistical significance of. 01. (3) Factors related to internal management system and knowledge management affect the development of learning organizations by 89.30 percent, with a statistical significance of .01. 4) All experts confirmed that the learning organization model for Bangkok Bank Employees, provincial region (Central Region 4) was complete, appropriate and effectively applicable in real situations with five processes: 1) Building a system, 2) Building a process, which included reviewing, planning, implementation, monitoring, and success, 3) Building a team, 4) Building a job, and 5) Building pride.

The Determinants of New Business Loans Interest Rate In ARIMA, ARIMAX, And ARDL Approach

2025-07-30T15:59:23+07:00

This study investigates the determinants of interest rates for new business loans in Thailand. This study explores the impact of traditional economic indicators and new digital finance variables on lending rates. As such, this study aims to extend the literature on lending rates by means of a wide set of economic indicators, namely commercial bank loans, net traded value, electronic money transactions, and average wages. This study employs the ARIMA, ARIMAX, and ARDL models to suit autoregressive, external, and lagged exogenous impacts. Analysis was performed on monthly data from January 2012 to April 2024 obtained from the Bank of Thailand. The findings show the considerable influence of historical relationships in new business loan interest rates on current rates. Commercial bank loans also have a significantly inverse relationship with interest rates. Given these results, the central and private banks that participate greatly in the finance sector could strategically employ loan volume to offer attractive rates. This would not only promote banks to function more smoothly, but also help the economy grow itself.

Understanding of Financial Reporting Standards and Corporate Income Tax of the Accountant in the Accounting Office Nonthaburi Province

2025-09-04T14:11:06+07:00

A study on the understanding of financial reporting standards and corporate income tax aims to compare the level of understanding of financial reporting standards and corporate income tax aims of accountants in accounting offices, Nonthaburi Province, classified by personal background factors. The sample size was determined using Taro Yamane's method. The number of samples was 170 and simple random sampling was used. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation along with inferential statistics, comprising analysis of the difference of means between 3 or more sample groups using One-Way ANOVA and analysis of the difference between 2 independent sample groups using Independent-Sample t-test.

The study results found that accountants in accounting offices in Nonthaburi Province had a high level of understanding of financial reporting standards and a high level of understanding of corporate income tax, including understanding of each sub-issue at a high level. As for the hypothesis testing, it was found that personal basic factors, including gender, age, education level, current duties, and length of employment of accountants in accounting offices in Nonthaburi Province, did not affect the level of understanding of financial reporting standards and corporate income tax, but it was found that the average monthly income affected the level of understanding of financial reporting standards and corporate income tax, with the group with higher income having more understanding.

The role of administrative law in protecting children's rights in Thailand

2025-09-19T10:49:35+07:00

This research article is a qualitative research with the following objectives: 1) examine the principles and provisions of administrative law related to the protection of children's rights in Thailand; 2) analyze the roles of administrative agencies and the Administrative Court in protecting children's rights; and 3) compare the protection of children's rights in Thailand with international standards and foreign legal systems.

The findings reveal that administrative law plays a structural role in defining the duties of the state and relevant agencies responsible for protecting children’s rights, such as the Ministry of Social Development and Human Security, the Ministry of Education, and local administrative organizations. The law mandates the state to provide education, welfare, and measures to protect children from abuse. Administrative law also plays a role in enforcement and interpretation that affects children’s rights protection. The Administrative Court has issued precedents that promote children’s rights and has begun to apply the “best interests of the child” principle as a guideline in decision-making, though inconsistently across cases. However, there remain significant gaps in protection. Some state agencies still lack efficiency and understanding of children’s rights, and the exercise of administrative power in certain cases overlooks its impact on children. Moreover, children cannot directly access administrative justice processes. The integration of the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) with Thai administrative law remains unsystematic. Although administrative law plays a vital role in protecting children’s rights in Thailand, its enforcement remains limited and unequal. Therefore, mechanisms should be developed to ensure children’s effective access to their rights, and both the Administrative Court and state agencies should continuously adhere to the principles of the CRC.

Muslims in South Korea: Development and Existence

2025-07-03T09:48:12+07:00

This research aims to: 1) study the development of Muslims in South Korea; 2) analyze patterns of living in a different social context; and 3) assess the challenges and adaptation strategies of Muslim communities in coexisting with others. The study was conducted using qualitative research methodology, with data collected through in-depth interviews and document analysis.

The research findings reveal that Muslims in South Korea are diverse in terms of ethnicity, background, social status, and motivations for residence. Their patterns of living reflect efforts to preserve religious identity while simultaneously integrating local culture, such as learning the Korean language. There is a tendency toward adapting to urban lifestyles and building internal community networks to support one another.

These findings indicate that the adaptation process of Muslims in South Korea corresponds with psychological and sociocultural transition theories in various stages of adjustment, as well as concepts of cultural assimilation and multiculturalism. The South Korean government has gradually begun to adopt policies that allow more space for diversity.

The Role of School Administrators in Developing the Quality of Learning Resources in Sarasas Affiliated School

2025-10-29T10:06:55+07:00

The objectives of this study were: (1) to examine the roles of school administrators in developing the quality of learning resources in Sarasas-affiliated schools, both in overall terms and across 11 administrative areas; (2) to investigate the approaches of school administrators in developing the quality of learning resources in Sarasas-affiliated schools, both overall and by area; and (3) to analyze the relationship between administrators’ roles and their approaches to developing the quality of learning resources in Sarasas-affiliated schools. The research instruments consisted of a five-point Likert scale questionnaire and a structured interview.
The statistical methods employed included mean, standard deviation, and Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient.

The research findings revealed that:The overall level of administrators’ roles in developing the quality of learning resources in Sarasas-affiliated schools was rated at a high level. When considering individual aspects, the implementation of plans was found to be higher than other dimensions.

Across the 11 administrative areas, the overall level of administrators’ roles was also high. When considering all four dimensions (PDCA cycle), Area 1 demonstrated the highest level of administrators’ roles compared to other areas.

The overall level of administrators’ approaches to developing learning resource quality was high. Ranking the mean scores from highest to lowest, the top aspect was policy formulation and planning for the use of learning resources, followed by supervision, monitoring, and evaluation of learning resource utilization, and the promotion of personnel participation in presenting outcomes derived from learning resources.

Across the 11 administrative areas, administrators’ approaches to learning resource development were rated at a high level, with Area 6 recording the highest scores compared to other areas.

There was a statistically significant positive correlation at the .01 level between administrators’ roles and their approaches to developing the quality of learning resources in Sarasas-affiliated schools.

Factors Affecting the Success of Community Development: A Case Study of communities alongside Prem Prachakorn Canal, Bangkok Thailand

2025-09-17T10:05:57+07:00

Urban community development is considered essential because, in the future, the population will reside more in urban communities than in rural areas. However, there is limited knowledge of this subject. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the factors that influence the success of community development. Data were collected using a questionnaire from 704 families, with a sample size of 124 households on accidental sampling technique. The hypotheses were tested using a stepwise multiple regression.

The results of the study indicate that the development of the community in all ten areas achieved a moderate level of success, while the four influencing factors had average values at a moderate level. The factors that significantly influence the success of community development at a 0.05 level, it was found that to depend on 1) the role of the community committee in development, which has a high level of influence (Beta=0.506), and 2) support from external agencies, which has a moderate level of influence (Beta=0.275). Together, these two factors explain 35.90% of the development success.

A Study on the Strategies for Adapting Classical Chinese Poetry into Songs from 1990 to 2010

2025-08-06T16:27:21+07:00

This research aims to study the strategies for adapting classical Chinese poetry into songs from 1990 to 2010, analyzing a total of 14 songs. The study involves collecting and examining the content of both the original poems and the adapted songs, as well as reviewing related documents and research. The analysis focuses on identifying the patterns of poetic adaptation into song lyrics. The findings reveal five adaptation strategies: (1) retaining the original content, (2) incorporating key poetic lines into the lyrics, (3) omitting certain parts of the poem, (4) restructuring or modifying sentence structures, and (5) composing entirely new lyrics. The study concludes that adaptation strategies must balance fidelity to the original text with accessibility for listeners, avoiding alterations that distort the poem’s original meaning. Additionally, understanding the symbolic meanings, literary artistry, and historical context of the poetry is essential to preserving its literary value.

A Study of Roles of Dong Khui Shrine Related to Community of Dong Khui Sub-District, Chon Daen District, Phetchabun Province

2025-07-23T13:32:39+07:00

This research aims to study the roles of Dong Khui shrine which related to the community of Dong Khui Sub-District, Chon Daen District, Phetchabun. This is qualitative research which data were collected by using the observation and focus group discussion from people who related to Dong Khui Shrine: Chairman of Chao Pho Dong Khui shrine foundation, Committee of Chao Pho Dong Khui shrine, Mayor of Dong Khui Sub-District, Deputy Director of Dong Khui Witthayakhom School and half Thai-Chinese people, total 6 people. And then using descriptive analysis for describing the collecting data. The study can categorize the roles of the Dong Khui Shrine in the community of Dong Khui Sub-District into 6 important roles: 1) The role as spiritual anchor for people. 2) The role as a source of promoting and inheriting the Chinese tradition. 3) The role as a center of educational promotion. 4) The role as a center of supporting and assisting the people in society. 5) The role as learning center of Chinese arts and architectures. 6) The role as a center of promoting economy and tourism. The Dong Khui Shrine is not only a sacred site that enshrines deities in accordance with the traditions of overseas Chinese culture, but it also functions as a vital social space that fosters communal spirit and unity. Moreover, it serves as a faith-based institution that contributes to social development, acting as a center for learning and a medium for cultivating relationships that promote peaceful coexistence. In addition, the shrine plays a crucial role in supporting and fostering unity among the people of Dong Khui Subdistrict, Chon Daen District, Phetchabun Province.

The Transformation of the Rabbit God（兔儿神）under the Dynamics of Power and Discourse in Chinese Society

2025-08-13T10:02:58+07:00

The Rabbit God is a deity associated with same-sex love. Although not widely known, it is significant for understanding the relationship between belief, power, and discourse on sexuality in Chinese society. This research aims to (1) study the transformation of discourses surrounding the Rabbit God in historical and contemporary social contexts, and (2) analyze the relationship between power, discourse, and the revival of subjugated knowledge, using the Rabbit God as a case study. The study is grounded in Michel Foucault’s theoretical framework on discourse, power, and subjugated knowledge. It employs documentary research and qualitative content analysis, drawing on folklore, historical documents, literature, contemporary media, and relevant academic studies.

The findings reveal that discourses surrounding the Rabbit God have been embedded within shifting power structures over time, including suppression through Confucian moral codes, the Qing Dynasty’s legal codes that regulated sexual behavior in the imperial era, medical and psychological paradigms that once pathologized same-sex love as a form of deviance, and state policies. These mechanisms rendered the Rabbit God a form of “subjugated knowledge” marginalized from mainstream norms. However, in the modern context—particularly in Taiwan—discourses about the Rabbit God have been revived and reinterpreted as a symbol of sexual diversity, through temple practices, artistic media, and contemporary culture. This reflects avenues of resistance and the construction of alternative identities in a more inclusive society.