Romphruek Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences

The Relationship Between Transformational Leadership, Teacher Job Satisfaction, and Organizational Citizenship Behavior: A Comprehensive Investigation Using Meta-Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling

Haidong Sun — 2025-08-19

This study employs meta-analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) to investigate the relationship between transformational leadership, teachers' job satisfaction, and organizational citizenship behavior. The results showed that transformational leadership significantly enhanced teachers' job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior. Specifically, the effect size of transformational leadership on teachers' job satisfaction was 0.651, and on organizational citizenship behavior was 0.454. Moreover, teachers' job satisfaction positively influenced organizational citizenship behavior, with an effect size of 0.534. Path analysis further revealed that teachers' job satisfaction played a significant mediating role between transformational leadership and organizational citizenship behavior, with an indirect effect of 0.365 and a total effect of 0.498. These findings indicated that transformational leadership not only directly enhances teachers' positive behaviors but also promoted their organizational citizenship behavior by improving their job satisfaction. This study offered important empirical support and theoretical insights for leadership practices in educational management.

Managerial with The Efficiency of Operation Employees in Private Company at Samut Prakan Provice

Chanita Aemsaad — 2025-08-19

The purposes of this article are to 1) examine the management factors that affect the work efficiency of the manufacturing employees at a private company in Samut Prakan province. 2) Providing recommendations for enhancing the work efficiency of manufacturing employees at a private company in Samut Prakan province. A specific random technique was used to choose the 233 employees that comprised the study sample. Structured questionnaires were used to gather data using a quantitative approach. The data received were analyzed by descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis to assess the correlation coefficients.

The research findings about the management factors affecting the work efficiency of the manufacturing personnel in a private company in Samut Prakan province, the results were as follows: leading and controlling had an impact on the quality of work; controlling had an impact on the workload and time; and planning and controlling had an impact on the work efficiency and cost.

Regarding the recommendation for improving the work efficiency of the manufacturing employees, it should take into account a number of important aspects. To ensure that workers can accomplish their responsibilities precisely and effectively, it should first establish clear performance goals and criteria. Regular training programs should assist them expand their knowledge and skills, which will enable them to do their duties more consistently and effectively. In order to ensure that tasks are finished on schedule and in accordance with established standards, the guidelines should contain precise evaluation and tracking procedures, as well as a realistic workload allocation based on individual staff abilities. Additionally, it needs to design efficient planning and resource allocation strategies, develop methods for monitoring the cost-effectiveness of equipment and resource usage, and encourage resource conservation through awareness campaigns.

Characteristics and Performance of Modern Accountants that Affect the Success of the Accountant's Practice Accounting office Nonthaburi Province

Maneerat Iedngarmsom — 2025-08-19

This research aims to 1) examine the extent to which accountants’ opinions on the characteristics of modern accountants affected the performance of the accountants in accounting offices in Nonthaburi Province. 2) examine the extent to which accountants’ opinions of the modern accountants’ performance affect their performance in accounting offices in Nonthaburi Province. 3) examine the level of accountants’ opinions towards the performance of modern accountants in accounting offices in Nonthaburi Province. 4) examine the characteristics of modern accountants that affect the performance of accountants in accounting offices in Nonthaburi Province. 5) examine how the performance of modern accountants affect the performance of accountants in accounting offices in Nonthaburi Province. The research was quantitative in nature. In this study, 399 accountants employed in the province of Nonthaburi served as the sample group. A questionnaire with a reliability rating of 0.87 served as the research tool. Multiple regression analysis, means, frequencies, percentages, and standard deviations were used to analyze the data.

The research results found that 79.4 percent, the majority of the respondents were female; percent; 71.90 percent were under 30; 82.5 percent had a bachelor's degree; and 82.50 percent had fewer than five years of work experience. The overall characteristics of modern accountants from accounting offices in Nonthaburi Province were found to be at a high level. Considering each aspect, it was found that the accounting professional knowledge and skills were at the highest level, followed by accounting professional ethics, accounting technology use, data analysis skills, effective communication, and caring, respectively. 2) Summary of opinions on accountants' work efficiency, It was found that the overall accountants' work efficiency was at a high level. Considering each aspect, accuracy was the most important, followed by work quality, work quantity, and timeliness, respectively. 3) Opinions on overall work success were at a high level. Considering each aspect, it was found that goal attainment and success was at the highest level, followed by compliance with processes and standards, efficient use of resources, and creating satisfaction for stakeholders.

Factors Affecting Decision to Study in Bachelor Degree of Inbound Exchange Students under the Responsibility of the International Projects, International Relations and Communications Office, Srinakharinwirot University

Janejira Phakpathanaseth — 2025-08-19

This research aims to examine the factors affecting the decision to pursue the undergraduate studies of international exchange students under the responsibility for the International Projects, International Relations and Communications, Srinakharinwirot University. This research was a cross-sectional study using a survey research method. The sample group used in the study was the undergraduate exchange students from South Korea, Japan, China, and Germany who participated in the international student with exchange program under the academic cooperation contract at Srinakharinwirot University, and were enrolled in their second through fourth years of the academic year 2024. 123 undergraduate exchange students were chosen as samples using the purposive sampling method. The statistics used in data analysis were descriptive statistics, inferential statistics, data analysis statistics to compare the difference of the mean using the t-test for dependent samples formula, and one-way ANOVA to compare the level of factors affecting the decision to study in the program. The results found that with regard to the personal Information, the majority of the respondents were female (88 people, or 71.50 percent). Concerning the overall factors affecting the decision to study for Undergraduate Degrees of International Exchange Students in the Academic Year 2024, the curriculum factor, with an average score of 4.89, had the highest influence on the decision to join the student exchange program. The courses offered in the international program focused on Language for Careers, which were in line with the learner needs. In addition, the university has offered scholarships for students every academic year. In terms of the suggestions received from the open-ended question, the respondents mentioned that the program should organize the cultural exchange activities, increase funding support, and public relations, provide news information in a current and engaging manner. The results of this research indicated that the respondents overall valued the curriculum, organizing cultural conservation related events, and placing a strong emphasis on public relations. In addition, the organization of the exchange program need to incorporate these elements because each student group may have different decisions.

Guidelines for Increasing The Persistence Rate of Undergraduate Students in The Bachelor of Science Program in Aviation Science at The Civil Aviation Training Center

Jinjutha Imsombat — 2025-08-19

This independent study aims to 1) examine the persistence needs of students in the Bachelor of Science Program in Aviation Science at the Civil Aviation Training Center (CATC), and 2) propose guidelines for increasing the persistence rate of undergraduate students in the program. The sample group consisted of 200 students enrolled in the Bachelor of Science Program in Aviation Science in the academic years 2022 and 2023. The instrument used was a questionnaire, and the statistical methods employed for data analysis included percentage, average, and standard deviation.

The results of this study found that 1) The highest demand was at the level of self-esteem needs, with reference to the anticipation of securing employment in the aviation industry after graduation. The next was in the physiological needs level, concerning the location and convenience in daily life and transportation. The least significant need, also at the physiological needs level, related to amenities and infrastructure. 2) The proposed guidelines for increasing student persistence included maintaining all ten identified areas of need, as they were considered highly important for persistence. Additionally, there should be improvements made to English-medium instruction, the ability of instructors to communicate in English, the role of academic advisors, facilities, the enforcement of dress codes for students, stricter screening procedures for outsiders entering CATC, and more rigorous admission standards.

Measuring the Effectiveness of Promotional Advertising ‘Khao Kang P’Wan Duck Noodles Korat' by Applying Local SEO through Google Business Profile and SEM through Google Ads and Facebook Ads on Facebook Page

Punpanuch Phatthasena — 2025-08-19

This study investigates the effectiveness of promoting Khao Kang P’Wan Duck Noodles, Korat using the Local SEO strategy through Google Business Profile and SEM through Google Ads and Facebook Ads. The main purposes are to measure SEM results in both organic traffic, search, and budget, including to study cognitive behavior, to reach and engage of both existing and new customers. The study used an experimental-based research method. The data were collected from February 1 to April 27, 2024, from one local business and four campaigns. These included setting up a business profile for "Khao Kang Pi Wan" through Google Business Profile, creating a Facebook page using the same name, and executing 2 campaigns across 4 platforms. The research found that at first, there were just 318 views and 3 reviewers for local SEO using Google Business Profiles. However, following the implementation of the four campaigns, interactions increased sevenfold, Google Business Profile viewers increased by 5.9 times. For SEM, the most effective campaigns were Campaign 1 on Google Ads, which had a CTR of 2.28% and a CPC of 1.81 baht, and Campaign 3 on Facebook Ads, which had a CTR of 5.07% and a CPC of 0.23 baht. The study came to the conclusion that using social media to promote the restaurant raised awareness, sales, and customer interest, which in turn enhanced the restaurant's popularity and revenue.

The Causal Relationship of Affecting Purchasing Decision Product from Suppliers Through Performance and Satisfaction

Natteera Pummapanth — 2025-08-19

The purposes of this research are to 1) examine how supplier performance and satisfaction affect product purchasing decisions, and 2) conduct an empirical analysis of how the effect of performance and satisfaction from suppliers affect the causal relationship with regard to product purchase decisions. The sample group consisted of 400 employees in companies in the Bangkok Metropolitan. The instrument used to collect data was a 5-level estimate scale to evaluate causal variables affecting the product purchasing decision from suppliers. The data received were analyzed using causal Structural Equation Modeling analysis. The results found that 1) The direct effect, indirect effect, and total effect of the association between the performance variables were 0.90, 0.54, and 1.21, respectively. The direct and total effect sizes for the satisfaction variables were 0.60. 2) The causal relationship affecting the product purchasing decision studied was empirically consistent. This determination was made based on the statistics including; the Chi-Square statistic (X2) with degrees of freedom (df) equal to 1.19, p-value of 0.20, the Comparative Fit Index (CFI) was 0.99, the Goodness of Fit Index (GFI) was 0.98, the Adjusted Goodness of Fit Index (AGFI) was 0.96, the Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) was 0.02, the Root Mean Square Residual (SRMR) was 0.006. Additionally, an important finding was that the size of the indirect effect variables on the supplier performance toward the product purchasing decision was higher than that of the direct effect.

Factors Influencing the Decision to Use Private Elderly Care Services

Bulakorn Phansuwan — 2025-08-19

The study titled "Factors Influencing the Decision to Use Private Elderly Care Services" aims to: 1) compare demographic factors that influence the decision to use private elderly care services, 2) analyze the relationship between the decision to use private elderly care services and the social marketing and service quality, and 3) investigate the social marketing and service quality factors that affect the decision to use private elderly care services. This research employed a mixed methods approach, collecting quantitative data from 400 elderly individuals and validating the data through in-depth interviews with the operators of the elderly care facilities. Descriptive Statistics, One-Way ANOVA, and Multiple Regression Analysis were used to analyze the relationships between various factors influencing the decision to use private elderly care services.The results showed that demographic factors, such as gender, age, occupation, average family income, and family structure, significantly affected the decision to use private elderly care services. Additionally, the analysis found that the relationship between the marketing mix and service quality was crucial, particularly the physical characteristics of care facilities and the quality of personnel, which positively influenced the decision to use these services, with high Pearson Correlation values of 0.698 and 0.624, respectively. Furthermore, the marketing-mix factors-- including physical characteristics, personnel, processes, pricing, and promotion—affected the decision-making process. Regarding the service quality, factors such as customer care, responsiveness, reliability, and tangibility were found to significantly influence the decision to use private elderly care services. These findings could be used as guidelines for improving elderly care services to effectively meet the needs and expectations of elderly individuals and their families.

The Development of Mushroom Chili Paste Occupational Groups toward a Community Enterprise by Means of Community Participation : A Case Study of Poonsap Community, Sai Mai District, Bangkok

Chanettee Pipathanangkul — 2025-08-19

This research aims to investigate: 1) the process of developing the potential of a mushroom chili paste occupational group to upgrade its products to a community enterprise, with the involvement of the Poonsap community; 2) the process of occupational groups becoming community enterprises through community participation in order to increase the economic value of their products through marketing and sales strategies. Participatory action research method was used in this qualitative study, targeting community enterprise committee members and its members. Data was collected using in-depth interviews, group meetings, and document reviews of community history.

The research findings indicated that, prior to development, the community faced challenges and obstacles related to the 6M management principles: 1) Manpower: mostly elderly individuals with limited skills and generational cohesion, and a tendency to shift to other occupations; 2) Money: inadequate managerial funds; 3) Materials: limited availability of materials sourced from both inside and outside the community; 4) Management: the group was first formed prior to COVID-19, however, there were no online sales at that time; 5) Marketing: insufficient product differentiation because of an emphasis on existing products; and 6) Machinery: limited household equipment, inadequate for increased production

The development process towards a community enterprise through participation involved seven methods: 1) providing knowledge on how to turn occupational groups into community enterprises, covering topics such as standard management practices, financial systems, fundraising, and modern marketing; 2) benchmarking visits to other community enterprises; 3) product standardization trials (three sessions); 4) marketing trials (offline and online, three sessions); 5) learning extraction forums for practical implementation (three sessions); 6) expert coaching; and 7) meetings to compile trial results and produce a self-improvement manual. The strategies deemed suitable for future community enterprise development including corrective, preventive, and adaptive strategies, leading to guidelines for strategic planning.

The Comparative Study of Digital Money between Bitcoin and Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) in the Rulings of Shariah

Smeet Esore — 2025-08-19

Nowadays, digital currencies are extremely popular, both in Bitcoin and Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC). At present there are a lot of Muslims who have a desire to invest in such digital currencies. This is why it is necessary to find out whether such digital currencies are prohibited according to Islamic law or not. The research objectives 1) To explore the features of Bitcoin and decisions according to Islamic law. 2) To explore the features of central bank digital currencies and decisions according to Islamic law. 3) To compare the features of Bitcoin and central bank digital currencies. This research was qualitative and used a comparative study between two digital currencies by reviewing numerous scholarly documents and related Islamic provisions, as well as using in-depth interviews with relevant personnel and academics for analysis. The results of this research showed that Bitcoin and central bank digital currencies differed in certain ways. Therefore, the decisions made in accordance with Islamic law were also different. The majority of scholars considered Bitcoin to be prohibited. They cited what they considered to be strong evidence: lack of knowledge about the producer created ambiguity, and the government of that country was not the producer and supervisor of Bitcoin. However central bank digital currencies (CBDC) were permissible according to Islamic law for reasons similar to cash, as long as no interest has been paid to the holder.

Study of Logistics Supporting the Archaeological Heritage Tourism and Culture to Drive the Economy of the Upper Mun River Basin community

Chayapol Phupatt — 2025-08-19

This research article aims to analyze the transportation logistics supporting the tourism, and to propose guidelines for the transportation logistics development supporting the heritage and cultural tourism in order to boost the Upper Mun River Basin community economy. A mixed-method research approach was employed, comprising of the quantitative research approach with a sample of 722 Thai tourists, who had previously visited the archaeological and cultural heritage sites. For the qualitative research approach, fifteen stakeholders engaged in the tourism areas were involved in the focus group. The key informants were the government officials, the media representatives, the private sector representatives, and the local community members from six areas: Ban Takroh, Ban Muang Phet, Ban Hua Saphan, Ban Prang, Ban Sai Or, and Orapin Community. The findings of the transportation logistics supporting the archaeological and cultural heritage tourism revealed that the respondents who were tourists prioritized the need for clear maps displaying the locations of tourist attractions, with the highest mean score of 4.42. Moreover, the respondents who were the stakeholders suggested the development guidelines through the data synthesis and the focus group discussions. These guidelines were included with the creation of two major tourist routes: Route1: Two-Stone Tour, which lasted one day and visited ten sites in the Hin Dat and Hin Khon communities; and Route 2: Two-Stone and Four-Castle Tour, which lasted two days and visited sixteen sites. Furthermore, in order to significantly boost the local economy in the settlements of the upper Mun River Basin, it was suggested that these routes be established immediately—within six months. The purpose of the suggested rules was to guarantee community development's durability and continuity.

Guidelines for Enhancing Cultural Tourism in Lopburi Province

Sarunporn Pongsrirojana — 2025-08-19

This project aims to enhance Cultural Tourism in Lopburi Province. The research employed both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The quantitative research was conducted using questionnaires from convenience samples of 400 Thai tourists. The qualitative research was conducted through three rounds of group interview with stakeholders including government officials, entrepreneurs and residents.

The results found that the guidelines for enhancing Cultural Tourism in Lopburi Province called for developing destination equity in the following three dimensions: 1) The historical significance as an ancient city, 2) the cultural dimension of being a learning source of Thai culture and residential lifestyle, 3) Religious aspects. As a result, Lopburi Province could clearly be positioned as a historical and cultural city. From the perspective of Thai tourists, the crucial marketing efforts to promote this cultural tourism involved giving advertising and public relations top priority, which needed to be created to highlight Lopburi's unique value and story. This approach aims to build a strong, memorable brand through compelling storytelling that attracts tourists to experience its profound culture and history, while fostering a sustainable relationship with the destination to simultaneously promote tourism economic growth and preserve its cultural heritage.

Strengthening Sustainability and Reducing Waste in the Aviation Industry Low-cost Airlines

Watcharaporn Aranuvechphun — 2025-08-19

This quantitative research aims to analyze the factors influencing the modification of containers and packaging in low-cost airlines in Thailand to promote sustainability and reduce waste in the aviation industry. The findings indicated that the majority of passengers were female, aged 20-29, and single. Their ratings regarding the importance of container and packaging modification factors were generally high, with the highest priority given to safety and hygiene, followed by cost-effectiveness and passenger awareness. Furthermore, the research identified strategies for waste reduction and sustainability in the aviation industry, such as the use of biodegradable materials, creating campaigns to motivate passenger participation in waste reduction, and adjusting menus to avoid food waste. The multiple linear regression analysis revealed that cost-effectiveness was the most significant predictor of waste reduction.

This study proposes methods for improving services in low-cost airlines, focusing on the selection of eco-friendly materials, enhancing the passenger experience, and promoting the reuse of materials to establish a sustainable image in the aviation industry moving forward.

Association between Health Literacy in K-shape model and Health Behaviors among employee in Textile and Fashion Lifestyle Cluster

Kwanmuang Kaeodumkoeng — 2025-08-19

This study examined the association between Health Literacy in K-shape model and Health Behaviors among employee in Textile and Fashion Lifestyle Cluster. The cross-sectional survey served as the research tool. For this study 395 employers from 7 companies were chosen as samples. Three sections of a questionnaire were used to gather the data: 1) Characteristic data 2) health literacy on 5 skills according to K-shape model, and 3) health behaviors. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation.

The result revealed that the Health literacy in the sample group was rated as inadequate at 12.7%, problematic at 26.3%, sufficient at 51.9%, and excellent at 9.1%. The mean score for each skill was as follows; 11.33 for questioning skill, 11.59 for access skill, 11.79 for application skill, 11.89 for decision making skill, and 11.94 for understanding skill. The health behaviors were deemed unsatisfactory level of 2.0%, medium level of 70.1% and excellent level of 27.9%. The association between variables showed that the health literacy in 5 skills were positively correlated with the total health behaviors (r=.505) at a statistical significance (p<0.001). The relationship for each skill was as follows; application skill (r=.431), decision making skill (r=.397), understanding skill (r=.380), access skill (r=.379), and questioning skill (r=.372) respectively.Thus, the company should promote health behaviors of employees by enhancing their necessary skills of health literacy which would lead to good health and work efficiency

A Choice to Survive in the Face of Toxic Leadership

Anan Boonsanong — 2025-08-19

This academic article aims to 1) examine the undesirable characteristics of leaders or executives with toxic leadership; 2) identify and understand what bad leadership characteristics are and what impacts they will have on organizations or society; and 3) propose useful organizational management guidelines that will lead to development and adaptation in the face of toxic leaders or executives. The conclusion of the analysis clearly indicated that there were four phases to surviving under toxic leadership: 1) choosing to stay or leave, 2) considering confronting or avoiding, 3) seeking support from the boss or other powerful individuals, and 4) looking for companions within the organization. For future solutions, the criteria for holding positions should be set, and clear expectations should be expressed. It was important for leaders and followers to continuously examine their behaviors. In particular, followers should control their reactions to avoid becoming victims of toxic leaders.

Developing Strategies and Marketing Innovation Mix in the Era of Marketing 6.0

Wasana Ditphrom — 2025-08-19

This article explores the development of strategies and marketing innovation mix in the era of Marketing 6.0, emphasizing the integration of digital technologies such as AI, Big Data, IoT, and AR/VR into marketing processes to enhance efficiency and differentiation. The study highlights the importance of leveraging data and technology in strategies related to product development, pricing, distribution channels, and promotional efforts, as well as creating superior and sustainable customer experiences. Organizations that effectively adapt and apply these concepts will maintain competitive advantages and foster long-term customer relationships

The Relationships of FinTech with the Financial Industry in Thailand

Pimphan Saengsri — 2025-08-19

This academic article aims to investigate the relationship between financial technology (FinTech) in the digital age and the financial industry in Thailand. The importance of FinTech is intimately tied to the financial sector, which emphasizes customer-centricity and the adoption of financial technologies that foster competition and growth through digital transformation. Government and private organizations in many countries have placed a top priority on utilizing modern innovative technologies to create new types of financial services and improve the efficiency of already-existing ones. This includes the potential for these financial innovations to create value and benefits in transactions and other activities, particularly within the financial industry in Thailand. The financial innovations by FinTech businesses thus align with government policies aimed at driving Thailand toward future digital trends, leading to a significantly greater awareness of FinTech businesses. However, it has been observed that in Thailand, relevant sectors still have a limited body of research focused on enhancing understanding of the FinTech industry and promoting knowledge and awareness among stakeholders involved in this sector. Studies indicate that interaction between FinTech and the financial industry in Thailand influences the future direction of FinTech businesses, leading to a phenomenon in the development of Fin Tech in Thailand that is continuous, sustainable, timely, and aligned with current trends. This evolution could raise the potential to enhance the competitiveness of the Thai financial sector, bringing it in line with that of other countries. Therefore, the development of FinTech should be consistently advanced through the formulation of clear guidelines, strategic preparedness, and the adaptation of innovative technologies for seamless integration. The skills and knowledge required for digital citizens encompass access, communication, commerce, and understanding of etiquette, rules, rights, and responsibilities. As well as security, physical and mental well-being, and the ability to forecast changes in securities values more accurately to reduce financial costs.