SSRU Graduate Studies Journal

Cover

2026-06-29T15:58:48+07:00

Editorial Note

2026-06-29T16:00:22+07:00

AN ANALYSIS OF ACADEMIC ADMINISTRATION COMPONENTS FOR SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS OF BANG KHUN THIAN DISTRICT OFFICE IN DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION BANGKOK METROPOLITAN ADMINISTRATION

2026-04-23T11:34:15+07:00

The purposes of this research were: (1) to study the level of academic administration of school administrators in the Bang Khun Thian District Office under the Department of Education, Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, and (2) to analyze the components of academic administration of these administrators. The population consisted of 803 school administrators and teachers. The sample size was determined based on Comrey & Lee’s criteria, resulting in 509 participants. The research instrument was a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire divided into three parts: (1) general information, (2) levels of academic administration consisting of 105 items, and (3) additional suggestions. The instrument’s content validity was verified by experts, yielding an Index of Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) ranging from 0.67 to 1.00, and a total Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.946. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) with Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Varimax rotation.

The findings revealed that the overall level of academic administration was at a high level. The factor analysis identified five primary components: (1) Strategic Academic Development, (2) Instructional Management Development, (3) Academic Quality Assurance, (4) Academic Network Engagement, and (5) Digital Technology-Driven Academic Administration. These components accounted for 79.987% of the total variance. These results serve as a strategic guideline for the Department of Education in planning competency development for school administrators in modern instructional management and establishing academic collaborative networks with various sectors to concretely enhance local educational quality.

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF PROFESSIONAL SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS IN THE DIPANGKORN WITTHAYAPAT SCHOOL GROUP UNDER THE ROYAL PATRONAGE

2026-04-28T07:49:38+07:00

The objectives of this research were: 1) to examine the professional characteristics of school administrators in the Dipangkorn Witthayapat School Group under the Royal Patronage, and (2) to compare these characteristics based on the perceptions of administrators and teachers in the academic year 2025, classified by work experience and educational qualifications. The sample size was determined using the Krejcie and Morgan (1970) table, yielding 175 participants selected through simple random sampling. The research instrument was a 50-item, five-point Likert-scale questionnaire with a reliability coefficient of .985. Data were analyzed using mean (), standard deviation (SD), Independent t-test, and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The findings revealed that: 1) the professional characteristics of school administrators, both overall and across all aspects, were rated at the highest level, and 2) the comparison of the professional characteristics of school administrators in the Dipangkorn Witthayapat School Group under the Royal Patronage, classified by work experience, revealed statistically significant differences at the .05 level in morality and ethics, leadership, and personality. However, when considered by individual aspects, no statistically significant differences were found in human relations and vision. When classified by educational qualifications, no statistically significant differences were found overall. However, significant differences at the .05 level were found in leadership and personality.

FACTORS AFFECTING STUDENT PARTICIPATION IN ACTIVITIES RAJAMANGALA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY SUVARNABHUMI NONTHABURI CENTER

2026-05-14T15:15:36+07:00

This research aimed to 1) study the level of students’ opinions toward participation in student activities, 2) compare the level of students’ opinions toward participation in student activities, and 3) propose guidelines for promoting student participation in activities at Rajamangala University of Technology Suvarnabhumi. The population in this study consisted of 3,341 students from four faculties. The sample size was determined using a 5 percent margin of error, resulting in a sample of 387 students selected through purposive sampling. The research instrument was a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation (S.D.). The reliability of the questionnaire was tested using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. The research findings revealed that the students’ overall opinions toward participation in activities were at a high level ( = 3.79, S.D. = 0.87). When considering each aspect individually, it was found that the sports activities aspect had the highest mean score ( = 3.81, S.D. = 0.95), followed by social development and volunteer activities ( = 3.81, S.D. = 0.91), cultural and arts activities ( = 3.77, S.D. = 0.94), and academic promotion activities ( = 3.75, S.D. = 0.89), respectively. The comparative analysis classified by gender and faculty affiliation showed no statistically significant differences at the 0.05 level. The study suggested that activity formats should be improved to become more attractive, modern, and student participatory. Public relations should be enhanced to ensure clarity, speed, and accessibility. The frequency and variety of activities in all areas should also be increased. In addition, all groups of students, particularly part-time students, should be given equal opportunities to participate in activities. Furthermore, facilities and supporting environments should be improved to better accommodate student participation in university activities.

PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCIES AND WORK SKILLS OF COOPERATIVE EDUCATION STUDENTS FROM EMPLOYERS’ PERSPECTIVES ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF COOPERATIVE EDUCATION IN AN INTEGRATED WORK-BASED LEARNING MODEL

2026-05-05T14:47:34+07:00

This research aims to examine the professional competencies and work-related skills of cooperative education students from the perspective of employers, as well as employer satisfaction toward students’ performance in real workplace settings. The study employed a purposive sampling method, selecting participants based on specific criteria aligned with the research objectives. The sample consisted of 35 fourth-year students from Bangkok University who participated in the cooperative education program and undertook internships in the academic year 2024. These students were evaluated by representatives from 31 participating organizations, who served as key informants. A questionnaire was used as the primary data collection instrument. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including percentage, mean, and standard deviation, as well as inferential statistics through Pearson’s correlation analysis. The findings revealed that students demonstrated strong psychomotor skills, particularly in intercultural communication and cultural awareness, which aligned with the needs of employers in a globalized work environment. In addition, emotional intelligence was found to be at a high level ( = 4.63, S.D. = 0.81), reflecting students’ ability to adapt and regulate their emotions effectively. However, problem-solving skills, teamwork, and professional behavior were rated at a moderate level ( = 2.74, S.D. = 0.44), indicating limitations in practical skills and professional application. Regarding employer satisfaction, the overall level was high ( = 4.48, S.D. = 0.44). Personal attributes such as humility, interpersonal skills, and adaptability to workplace environments received the highest ratings ( = 4.53, S.D. = 0.64). Responsibility and dedication were also identified as key strengths. However, communication and presentation skills were rated comparatively lower ( = 2.97, S.D. = 0.75), highlighting areas that require further development. The results suggested that although cooperative education students exhibited strong soft? skills and a high level of responsibility, there remains a need to enhance their communication, teamwork, and problem-solving skills to better meet the expectations of employers in professional settings.

CUSTOMER SATISFACTION WITH CHAIN RESTAURANTS OFFERING BOTH AUTOMATED AND HUMAN-SERVED SERVICES IN BANGKOK

2026-05-12T12:57:59+07:00

This study aimed to 1) examine the levels of customer experience and customer satisfaction in chain restaurants offering both automated and human-delivered services in Bangkok, 2) compare customer satisfaction across demographic characteristics, and 3) investigate the effects of customer experience dimensions on customer satisfaction. A quantitative research design was employed using a structured questionnaire as the data collection instrument. The sample consisted of 400 customers who had previously used services at chain restaurants in Bangkok, selected through simple random sampling. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, analysis of variance, and multiple regression analysis.

The findings indicated that 1) overall customer experience and customer satisfaction were rated at a high level across both automated and human service contexts, 2) there were no statistically significant differences in customer satisfaction across demographic groups (i.e., gender, age, education, income, and occupation), and 3) customer experience dimensions significantly influencing customer satisfaction included cognitive experience (= 0.347), relational experience ( = 0.225), affective experience ( = 0.208), and behavioral experience ( = 0.143). These variables collectively explained 70.4% of the variance in customer satisfaction (Adjusted R² = 0.704).

STRATEGIC LEADERSHIP OF SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS AFFECTING THE MANAGEMENT EFFICIENCY OF PRACHARATH SCHOOLS UNDER THE OFFICE OF PRIMARY EDUCATIONAL SERVICE AREAS IN THE THREE SOUTHERN BORDER PROVINCES

2026-05-22T09:05:27+07:00

This study aimed to: (1) examine the level of strategic leadership of school administrators; (2) investigate the efficiency of Pracharath school administration; (3) explore the relationship between the strategic leadership of school administrators and the efficiency of Pracharath school administration; and (4) identify the strategic leadership variables of school administrators that could predict the efficiency of Pracharath school administration. The sample used in this research consisted of Pracharath schools under the Offices of Primary Educational Service Areas in the three southern border provinces. The informants comprised 145 participants from 29 schools, with five participants from each school. The research instrument was a five-point Likert scale questionnaire. The reliability coefficients were .941 for the strategic leadership questionnaire and .910 for the Pracharath school administration efficiency questionnaire. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, Pearson’s product–moment correlation coefficient, and enter multiple regression analysis.

The findings revealed that: 1) the overall level of strategic leadership of school administrators was high; 2) the overall efficiency of Pracharath school administration was high; 3) there was a positive relationship between the strategic leadership of school administrators and the efficiency of Pracharath school administration at a relatively high level, with statistical significance at the .01 level; and 4) the strategic leadership dimensions of organizational culture building and strategy implementation were significant predictors of administrative efficiency, accounting for 56.40% of the variance, with statistical significance at the .01 level. The prediction equations could be expressed in both unstandardized (raw score) and standardized forms as follows:

Prediction equation in unstandardized scores

= 1.641 + .098(X₁) + .021(X₂) + .258(X₃)** + .005(X₄) + .258(X₅)**

Prediction equation in standardized scores

= .131(X₁) + .026(X₂) + .324(X₃)** + .006(X₄) + .330(X₅)**

DEVELOPMENT OF A MEASUREMENT TOOL FOR SELF-REGULATION IN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE USAGE AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

2026-05-07T10:47:33+07:00

This study aimed to (1) develop and examine the quality of a self-regulation in artificial intelligence (AI) usage measurement tool for secondary school students, and (2) establish normative criteria for assessing students’ self-regulation in AI usage. The population consisted of 4,892 upper secondary school students under the Phitsanulok Secondary Educational Service Area Office in the 2025 academic year. The sample consisted of 357 upper secondary school students selected through simple random sampling. The research instrument was a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire comprising 30 items measuring self-regulation in AI usage. Data were analyzed using statistical software, including SPSS for Windows and Mplus. The instrument demonstrated high reliability, with an overall Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.948, indicating a high level of internal consistency. Construct validity was examined through Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) using Mplus. The findings revealed that the model fit the empirical data well (Chi-square = 5.615, p = 0.2298, RMSEA = 0.034, CFI = 0.999, TLI = 0.997, and SRMR = 0.010). Factor loadings ranged from 0.772 to 0.884 and were statistically significant at the .01 level. The variables accounted for 59.5% to 78.1% of the variance, supporting the construct validity of the instrument. Furthermore, normative criteria were established using T-scores and percentile ranks, classifying students’ self-regulation in AI usage into four levels: high, moderately high, moderately low, and low. These norms could be effectively applied for student assessment and development

SUSTAINABLE LEADERSHIP OF SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS AFFECTING ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT IN SCHOOLS UNDER THE OFFICE OF SAKON NAKHON PRIMARY EDUCATIONAL SERVICE AREA 2

2026-05-15T14:35:39+07:00

This study aimed to: 1) examine levels of sustainable leadership among school administrators and organizational commitment in schools; 2) investigate the relationship between sustainable leadership and organizational commitment; 3)identify dimensions of sustainable leadership that predict organizational commitment; and 4) explore guidelines for developing sustainable leadership in schools under the Office of Sakon Nakhon Primary Educational Service Area 2.A mixed methods research design was employed. Phase 1 used a quantitative approach with a stratified random sample of 302 school administrators and teachers. Krejcie and Morgan’s table was used to calculate the sample size, and the participants were selected through stratified random sampling based on school size. Data were collected via a five-point Likert-scale questionnaire on Sustainable Leadership and Organizational Commitment with the reliability of 0.960 and analyzed using mean, standard deviation, Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression analysis. Phase 2 employed qualitative semi-structured interviews with five expert informants. The results revealed that sustainable leadership and organizational commitment were both at a high level. Sustainable leadership showed a high positive correlation with organizational commitment. All four dimensions of sustainable leadership collectively predicted 71.4% of the variance in organizational commitment (R² = 0.714). The predictive equations could be constructed from the regression coefficients of the variables in both unstandardized (B) and standardized () forms, as follows:

Predictive equation in raw score form:

Y = 0.494 + 0.274X₂+ 0.234X₁ + 0.190X₃ + 0.167X₄

Predictive equation in standardized score form:

Z = .306X₂+ .274X₁ + .215X₃ + .208X₄

The guidelines for sustainable leadership development of school administrators consisted of four components: 1) depth: establishing a clear vision and promoting continuous professional development; 2) justice: adhering to good governance principles to build trust and confidence within the organization; 3) resourcefulness: managing resources efficiently and fostering collaborative work; and 4) diversity: providing opportunities for all stakeholders to participate and embracing the differences among personnel

GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING ADAPTIVE LEADERSHIP IN SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS UNDER THE OFFICE OF CHAIYAPHUM PRIMARY EDUCATIONAL SERVICE AREAs

2026-05-29T09:05:05+07:00

The purposes of this research were to: (1) investigate the components and indicators of adaptive leadership among school administrators; (2) examine the construct validity of the adaptive leadership model for school administrators; and (3) propose guidelines for developing adaptive leadership among school administrators under the Chaiyaphum Primary Educational Service Area Offices. This study employed a two-phase mixed-methods research design. Phase 1 involved quantitative research. The sample consisted of 320 school administrators, selected through multi-stage random sampling. The sample size was determined based on Hair et al. (2010), who recommend 20 participants per observed variable. As the study included 16 observed variables, the sample size was set at 320 participants. The research instrument was a five-point rating scale questionnaire, with an overall reliability coefficient of 0.941. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and confirmatory factor analysis. Phase 2 involved qualitative research. The key informants consisted of five experts selected through purposive sampling. The research instrument was a semi-structured interview form, and the data were analyzed using content analysis.

The findings revealed that 1) adaptive leadership among school administrators consisted of four components and 12 indicators; 2) the construct validity analysis showed that the model was consistent with the empirical data, with = 59.008, df = 49, /df = 1.204, p-value = 0.1549, RMSEA = 0.025, SRMR = 0.015, CFI = 0.997, and TLI = 0.996. The component with the highest factor loading was continuous team development ( = 0.923), whereas the component with the lowest factor loading was challenge analysis ( = 0.922).; and 3) the proposed guidelines for developing adaptive leadership among school administrators comprised four components: (1) challenge analysis, which emphasizes the use of information systems to assess risks and anticipate changes; (2) driving participation, which promotes collaboration among all sectors in planning and problem-solving; (3) creating a change-enabling environment, which focuses on fostering trust and teamwork; and (4) continuous team development, which emphasizes continuous support, supervision, and professional development to strengthen the competencies of educational personnel.

THE MAIN FACTORS IN CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT ON SOCIAL MEDIA THAT AFFECT THE DECISION-MAKING PROCESS OF COMMUNITY ENTERPRISE TO BUY COMMUNITY PRODUCTS

2026-06-04T09:30:48+07:00

This study aimed to investigate the influence of Social Customer Relationship Management (Social CRM) across three strategic dimensions of customer lifecycle, based on the framework of Kotler and Keller (2016), on the purchase decision process for community enterprise products in Udon Thani Province. Adopting a quantitative cross-sectional design, data were obtained from 400 participants selected through a multi-stage sampling procedure. The sampling process involved stratifying the population by district and community product category, followed by the purposive selection of members who actively use social media in their business operations. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and stepwise multiple regression to identify the relative contribution of each predictor. The findings indicated that Social CRM factors and purchase decision processes were perceived at a moderately high level (with means ranging from 3.41 to 3.48 on a 5-point Likert scale). Customer retention ( = 0.383), customer win-back ( = 0.251), and customer acquisition ( = 0.206) significantly predicted the purchase decision process (p < 0.01), jointly accounting for 16.3% of the variance (Adjusted = 0.163).

This refleced that external factors beyond the three-dimension framework—such as brand trust, product quality, community image, and social capital—should be investigated in future studies. Furthermore, the findings provided strategic recommendations for prioritizing Social CRM dimensions within the context of a grassroots economy and the cultural identity of the community.

Content

2026-06-29T15:56:33+07:00