Thammasat Journal

Thammasat Journal — 2026-08-28

A Factor Analysis of Resilient Leadership of Institutional Personnel under Bangkok Office of Learning Encouragement

Komchan Rodprasert — 2026-08-28

The purpose of this research was to analyze the components of resilient leadership of institutional personnel under Bangkok Office of Learning Encouragement. The sample group consisted of 307 people from institutional personnel under Bangkok Office of Learning Encouragement, including educational administrators, school administrators, government teachers, sub-district non-formal education teachers, and non-formal education volunteer teachers. The sample was selected using stratified random sampling. The research instrument was a 5 point rating scale questionnaire with an Index of Item-Objective Congruence between 0.60 and 1.00, discrimination power between 0.314 and 0.866, and reliability of 0.964. The data were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis with principal component analysis and Oblique Rotation using Promax Rotation method. The results revealed that the components of resilient leadership of institutional personnel under Bangkok Office of Learning Encouragement consisted of 5 components with 28 variables, as follows: (1) Risk embracer: 8 variables, (2) Problem solver for sustainability: 6 variables, (3) Emotional Quotient leader: 6 variables, (4) Strong supporter and team player: 5 variables, and (5) Flexible and Lifelong Learner: 3 variables. These 5 components explained the resilient leadership of institutional personnel under Bangkok Office of Learning Encouragement with a cumulative variance of 53 percent.

Developing Online Discipline-Based Art Education Courses for Adult Learners

Pisit Noiwangklang — 2026-08-28

This study aimed to 1. investigate the development of an online curriculum grounded in discipline-based art education (Discipline-Based Art Education: DBAE) for adult learners, 2. design and implement an online curriculum that enables learners to develop art business plans, and 3. enhance instructional processes that support learners in creating such plans through online modules. The curriculum integrated DBAE principles with blended learning strategies and educational technology, particularly MOOCs, to support lifelong learning among adult learners who face time constraints.

The research findings indicated high levels of learner satisfaction, particularly in course diversity, modernity, and user convenience (average satisfaction score = 4.57), with the overall system rated at 4.36. Learners were able to create art business plans that met assessment criteria. No significant differences were found between instructional formats (p = 0.579), suggesting curriculum consistency. These results support the value of an art-based, entrepreneurially focused online curriculum in promoting flexible, lifelong learning for adults in the digital era.

The Art of Isan Molam Folk Performance as a Medium for Meaning-Making, Audience Engagement, and Audience Loyalty

Phacharanat Kainunapa — 2026-08-28

Mor Lam is a traditional folk performance art that originated in Northeastern Thailand (Isan). It serves both as a form of entertainment and as a medium for storytelling, using Isan Luk Thung (folk country music) as its primary mode of expression. The content of Mor Lam performances reflects the culture, traditions, and way of life of the Isan people. Therefore, Mor Lam is not merely a performance for entertainment but also functions as a medium for meaning making and audience engagement. This academic article aims to: 1) Explore the roles and development of Mor Lam 2) Examine Mor Lam as a medium, through an analysis of audience interpretation and responses to its content and presentation and 3) Identify the factors that influence audience perception and participation, such as social and cultural contexts, personal experiences of the audience, and other related media. The study employs theoretical frameworks and concepts from communication and media studies to gain a deeper understanding of the evolution of Mor Lam as a complex and multidimensional form of indigenous media. This research highlights how Mor Lam, deeply rooted in Isan agricultural life, has evolved from its traditional origins into the digital era, influenced by technology and communication.

Dynamics of Women’s Rights in South Korea: Family Law, 1957-2005

Thanyanan Klamwijit — 2026-08-28

The abolition of the family head system and the amendment of South Korea’s Family Law in 2005 marked a significant victory for feminist groups, which had been pushing for these changes since the 1950s. However, despite these legal changes, patriarchal values within families and negative views toward women still exist in society today. This article looks at the history of women’s rights in South Korea’s Family Law from 1957 to 2005. It aims to examine the development of women’s rights through the revision of family law, using historical research methods and analyzing sources like parliamentary records and newspapers. The study shows that the first major feminist movement in South Korea in the 1950s came about due to modernization and the breakdown of traditional family and social structures that had emerged since the Japanese colonial era in the 1910s. As the women’s rights movement grew, Confucianism, which had been the foundation of Korea’s traditional social system, became a major barrier to changes in family law. The political and economic conditions at different points in history played an important role in the three major amendments to the Family Law. In the early stages, the women’s rights movement was mainly driven by organizations that focused on legal reforms aimed at the conservative government. Over time, the movement spread to the public, becoming a large social force that led to wider support for women’s rights in family law. However, this shift faced strong resistance from conservative groups. In the end, the growing democracy in South Korea allowed the successful reform of the Family Law in 2005, despite ongoing opposition from certain parts of society.

Conditions and Needs for Positive Psychological Capital of Sports Students of Thailand National Sports University

Irisa Prommachan — 2026-08-28

The purposes of this qualitative research were to study 1) the positive psychological capital situation of sports students at National Sports University, and 2) their needs for the promotion of positive psychological capital. Data were collected from documents on concepts, theories, and research related to positive psychological capital, as well as from field work. The researcher defined key informants and three target groups which were sports coaches, psychology lecturers, and sports students by purposive sampling. To collect data, the researcher interviewed representatives from each region using a semi-structured interview form that had been checked for content validity by experts. Data were analyzed using content analysis, and the findings were presented descriptively.

The research results were as follows:

The conditions of positive psychological capital of sports students at the National Sports University were in four dimensions. First, in terms of self-efficacy, students were well aware of their abilities in the role of athletes. However, they often lacked awareness of their learning roles. Second, optimism students trieds to show their strength or optimism, toward the situations they faced; on the other hand, they could sense a lack of understanding. Third, regarding hope, students often had short-term expectations or goals, lacked awareness of or planning for long-term goals in life. Fourth, with respect to resilience, students always learned and adapted to uncertain situations through sports competitions, leading to adaptation to the situations they faced.

2. Regarding the needs for positive psychological capital promotion of sports students at the National Sports University, it was found that sports students and those involved in caring for them needed or expected activities to enhance positive psychological capital through activity formats in each component of promotion and development in four dimensions. First, in terms of self-efficacy, activities could be designed for students to evaluate their own potential and abilities through learning from their own experiences and role models. Second, for optimism, activities could be designed to allow students to review themselves through past experiences; evaluate their perceptions of the stories that had happened. Third, regarding hope, example activities included having students consider their life goals and determine paths or methods that would lead to goals, creating motivation to achieve goals. Fourth, with respect to resilience, examples included counseling services, training, or activities that provided students with knowledge and understanding of being aware, accepting emotions, feelings, and adapting to unexpected situations. It was also desirable that student caregivers participate and learn about an important guideline for taking care of students in the future.

Food Choices: Social Factors and Cultural Capital Affecting Food Choices: A Case Study of Undergraduate Students, Bangkok

Supasit Kamkoon — 2026-08-28

This study aimed to investigate the food choices of undergraduate students in Bangkok and to analyze the influence of social factors and cultural capital on the food choices of undergraduate students. This quantitative cross-sectional study involved undergraduate students. The sample size was 472 participants. A questionnaire, developed based on the concepts of food choices, life course, social and environmental influences, and cultural capital, was used for data collection. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, focusing on multiple linear regression. The findings revealed that the most significant factors influencing students’ food choices were ethical concerns, mood, and price. Social factors: income level was positively correlated with all dimensions of food choice (p < .05), and the level of education was significantly associated with health (p = .005). The institution influenced the natural ingredients (p = .023), and the residence was related to price (p = .023). The life course about time constraints were correlated with health (p = .002) and the physical environment was linked to multiple dimensions. The embodied cultural capital about cooking skills was correlated with all food choices (p < .05), and institutionalized cultural capital showed a significant association with convenience and weight control (p < .05). In conclusion, this study highlights the influence of social factors and cultural capital on the food decision-making of students, providing information for agencies to develop strategies to promote appropriate consumption.

Perceived Thai Restaurant Service Quality among Generation Z in Bangkok

Chanutwat Sirieawphikul — 2026-08-28

This study aimed to assess the level of perceived service quality of Thai restaurants among Generation Z consumers in Bangkok and compare these perceptions across demographic characteristics of this population. Data were collected via a structured questionnaire administered to a stratified random sample of 806 respondents aged 18-28 years, drawn proportionally from six urban zones. Data analysis comprised descriptive statistics and inferential tests. The findings were as follows; 1) Generation Z in Bangkok reported a relatively high overall perception of service quality, ranking the SERVQUAL dimensions in descending order of importance as Reliability; Responsiveness; Assurance/Safety; Empathy/Service Care; and Tangibles/Reputation/Image. 2) Significant differences in perceived service quality emerged across household-income groups (p < .05), indicating that income level influences how Generation Z evaluates service quality. Moreover, no statistically significant differences were found in perceived service quality with respect to gender, age, educational level, field of study, or family residence.

Conceptual Metaphors of “Soul” in the New Testament of the Protestant Christian Bible

Patamaporn Mingcharoenwong — 2026-08-28

This research aimed to analyze metaphorical expressions that reflected conceptual

metaphors of “Soul” in the Bible’s New Testament. The study employed the conceptual

metaphor theory of Lakoff and Johnson (1980), Gibbs (1994), and Kövecses (2002). Data were collected from metaphorical expressions of “Soul” found in the Bible’s New Testament using a bilingual Thai-English version, the Amata Tham Contemporary Bible, which contained 511 pages and 315 scriptural passages. The findings revealed four conceptual metaphors related to “Soul” in the New Testament as follows: 1) [Soul is something possessed by humans], 2) [Soul is a person in need of protection], which included two sub-metaphors: [Soul is a person who depends on God] and [Soul is a person facing adversity], 3) [Soul is an object or a valuable entity], and 4) [Soul is an offering/worship to God]. The research findings shed light on the conceptualizations and belief perspectives regarding spirituality in the Bible, making them more explicit and concrete. In addition, metaphors related to soul in the Bible suggested that the only path for humans to enter heaven was through faith in God, as He redeemed and cleansed them of their sins.

“Just Wear It, Stay Safe”: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Sexually Transmitted Infection Prevention Campaigns in Public Health Communication

Thanasin Chutintaranond — 2026-08-28

This academic article aims to examine the state-led public health communication concerning the prevention of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) through the lens of Critical Discourse Analysis, specifically employing Fairclough’s dialectical-relational approach. The analysis is conducted across three levels: text, discourse practice, and socio-cultural practice, integrating perspectives from the field of communication studies. The study finds that the discourse “Just Wear It, Stay Safe” reflects deeper issues within Thailand’s sexual education ecosystem. Although the state exercises its authority to disseminate knowledge to the public, the promotional materials used may contribute to public misconceptions regarding STI prevention. Furthermore, state communication about condom use does not fully align with the definitions articulated in the National Condom Strategy and reveals significant limitations in public awareness and accessibility to female condoms in Thai society. The findings also highlight a gendered imbalance, wherein the responsibility for safe sex practices is disproportionately assigned to men. Therefore, the study calls for a structural re-evaluation of sexual education discourse in Thailand, advocating for a tripartite collaboration among governmental agencies, higher education institutions, and the family unit to ensure a more inclusive, equitable, and effective approach to sexual health communication.

Musical Instrument and New Siamese-ness: A Role, Practicing Method and Cultural Adaptation of Kong Hui

Chayuti Tassanawongwara — 2026-08-28

In the discipline of musicology, organology is the study of musical instruments that is particularly focused on the history and elements of such instruments. Additionally, the status of instruments pertains to their social and cultural functions, which are also regarded. The Kong Hui is the subject of this paper, which emphasises the cultural adaptation required for studying through a musical instrument and its core concept of existence. The study has basically initiated with the history of the newly created traditional musical instrument. The paper is centred on the Kong Hui due to its history and its importance in the contemporary existence of the traditional music. Kong Hui is obviously a cross-border instrument, both historically and socially. The paper demonstrated that Kong Hui undergoes three phases of adaptation: a transpositional practice, a geographic transfer that crosses nations, and a transition from religious practice to entertainment purpose during the colonial period. Secondly, casting a specific genre into another generic mode is achieved by modifying the system into Thai tune and imbuing the instrument with the Thai traditional image. Thirdly, re-vision in itself, is the most critical aspect of the adaptive process. The Kong Hui is formed in a traditional Thai ensemble that is mingled with other traditional instruments. Additionally, the Kong Hui is recognised as a unique instrument in the Piphat Dukdambhan ensemble, moreover, the Kong Hui’s playing method is regarded as the means of fortifying an authentic image in the Thai music sphere (Thai-ness). It also illustrated the ensemble creation which is influenced by the modernisation of Western impacts during the Siamese nation-building process.