MALE FOOTBALL PLAYERS’ OPINIONS TOWARD COACHES’ TONE OF VOICE DURING MATCHES

Abstract

            This research aimed to: 1) examine the level of emotional responses among male soccer players resulting from their perceptions of coaches’ vocal characteristics; and 2) investigate the influence of coaches’ vocal characteristics on the emotional responses of male soccer players. The sample consisted of 30 male soccer players selected using purposive sampling. The research instrument was a five-point rating-scale questionnaire. The data were analyzed using percentage. The results revealed that: 1) in terms of vocal pitch and speaking pace, the use of a low-pitched, firm, and assertive voice was most effective in promoting players’ concentration, with 43.30% of the players reporting a high level of effect. In contrast, a high-pitched voice induced a moderately high level of pressure, as reported by 40.00% of the players. A fast speaking pace induced a moderate level of panic, reported by 36.70% of the players. Meanwhile, giving instructions at a steady pace helped players feel relaxed at a moderate level, reported by 36.70% of the players, while the combined proportion reporting high to the highest levels was 60.00%; and 2) in terms of energy activation and emotional stimulation, a positive tone of voice had the greatest effect on players’ confidence, with 53.30% reporting the highest level. Motivational vocal cues from coaches helped generate fighting spirit or a second wind, with 40.00% reporting the highest level and another 40.00% reporting a high level. In addition, a calm and steady tone of voice helped players make more accurate decisions, with 46.70% reporting the highest level. These findings indicate that soccer coaches should be aware of and appropriately adjust their vocal behavior to suit the context and circumstances of competition in order to effectively regulate and stimulate the emotional potential of athletes to the greatest extent possible.