ศึกษาเปรียบเทียบกฎหมายไทยกับอนุสัญญาว่าด้วยการป้องกันมรดกทางวัฒนธรรมใต้น้ำ

Abstract

                 Thailand does not have a specific law on underwater cultural heritage (UCH) protection. Nevertheless, the Act on Ancient Monuments, Antiques, Objects of Art and National Museums B.E. 2504 (1961), a general law on cultural heritage in land or underwater, is applied to protect UCH. Currently, Thailand is considering ratifying the Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage 2001 (the UNESCO Convention). Due to Thailand has no specific law in this matter, Thai’s law may incompatible or insufficient to implement obligations under the UNESCO Convention.
                  This article aims to comparatively study on incompatibility between the UNESCO Convention and Thai laws. As a result of the study, the author found that the Act on Ancient Monuments had been promulgated before the UNESCO Convention was adopted, even it was amended in 1992, some provisions of the Act on Ancient Monuments are not compatible with the UNESCO Convention such as 1) the definition of UCH, 2) jurisdiction on UCH protection, 3) ownership of UCH, 4) and the principle of no commercial exploitation.