การลักลอบค้าสัตว์ป่ากับองค์กรอาชญากรรมข้ามชาติ

Abstract

                   Human beings are destroying natural resources, andmany speciesof wildlife are being threatened with extinctionas a result. It is hunting and the wildlife trade in particular that are causing wildlife populations to diminish rapidly. In 1975, the Conventionon International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) took effect to control the international wildlife trade. The Convention established a permit system that differentiates on the basis of the conservation status of a species to provide protection for wildlife in international trade. Wildlife populations continue to decrease, however, because of the high demand for wildlife products. Transnational criminal organizations have become significant playersin wildlife trafficking due to the high profits offered by the illegal wildlife trade. These criminal enterprises possess global networks, expertise in smuggling, and access to illegal markets that have made CITES alone insufficient to effectivelyprotect wildlife from illegal international trade. It is therefore important to apply the provisions of other agreements and lawsto assist in the fight against the illegal wildlife trade. Those would include international agreements such as the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (UNTOC), and Thai laws including the Wildlife Preservation and Protection Act, B.E. 2562, and the Prevention and Suppression of Participation in Transnational Organised Crime Act, B.E. 2556.