Effect of Water Quality to Biodiversity of Fish in the Tha Chin River
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Abstract
The study of water quality on both species diversity and distribution of fish in Tha chin river starting from Pak Khlong Makham Thao, Wat Sing District Chainat province to Nakhon Pathom province in the rainy season (November 2013) and dry season (January 2014). Samples were collected in various study sites based on differences of land use where consist of agriculture, community and industry. Sample collecting was done in two sections
(7 stations) which in the upper part (3 stations) and the middle part (4 stations) of Tha Chin river. In The upper part of the river, agriculture is the major area; whereas land use in the middle part is agriculture at the most and followed by community mixed with some small industries. Local fishing tools including fishing nets, traps were used for sampling collection. The environmental factors including quality of water, phytoplankton, zooplankton and benthos were also investigated. It was found that there were 21 families (61 species) of which the majority of fishes (24 species) was Cyprinidae being 39.34% of total fish samples. Sixteen families (49 species) and sixteen families (44 species) were found at the upper and middle sections of the river respectively. The diversity index and evenness index was between 2.62-3.21 and 0.73-0.85 respectively. The quality of water in the upper stream was better than in the middle stream. The quality of water in the upper part of the river was suitable for the survival of fishes. High BOD value was observed in the middle part of the river which caused by the dense community producing high wastewater quantity. As a result the fish diversity index in the upper stream was higher than the middle stream, indicated water quality was appropriate for fish living. The result indicated that the relation between diversity index and water quality was in the same direction with DO but negative relation with BOD and nitrate.
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References
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