Characterization of Ultrafiltration Membrane Foulant Using Fluorescence Signature of Natural Organic Matter in Surface Water
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Abstract
This study evaluates the role of natural organic matter (NOM) fractions from surface water in Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane fouling using fluorescence excitation-emission matrices (EEMs). The hollow fiber filtration experiments were performed using four surface water sources as raw and pretreated with magnetic ion exchange (MIEX) resin. Fouling potentials were quantified and the NOM in raw, and treated feed water, permeate, and backwash waters were characterized in terms of NOM concentration and composition. Results showed that: (i) microbial protein-like NOM is a more important contributor to fouling than terrestrial humic-like NOM; (ii) UF membrane fouling potentials of surface water sources before and after MIEX pretreatment were strongly correlated to the fluorescence of microbial NOM at excitation-emission coordinates of 275 nm/340 nm. Overall, the high predictive power of fluorescence EEM to fouling potential suggests its potential use as a tool for the evaluation of fouling potential of surface water.
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References
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