Evaluation of Land Use Effects on Surface Water Quality in the Upper Yom River Basin, Phayao Province
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Abstract
Although water quality in Upper Yom River Basin, Part 1, has been monitored, it has not yet covered land use patterns. Therefore, this study aims to monitor and evaluate surface water quality from land use in Upper Yom River Basin, Part 1, Pong District, Phayao Province, by classifying land use in order to collect specific water samples and analyze them. Physicochemical and biological water quality found that water quality in lower Yom watershed was mostly within the water quality standards for surface water sources, with the highest TCB and FCB detected in dense residential areas. As for the rural conservation and agricultural areas along the Khuan, Ngim, and Yom rivers, TCB and FCB were detected in low amounts, but there were high levels of NO3-, indicating the result of farmers' use of chemical fertilizers and surface runoff into natural rivers. This affects the assessment of the overall status of Upper Yom River Basin, Part 1, at the Warning level (mean score = 2.92), showing that the water quality has begun to deteriorate from its common condition, requiring monitoring of the EC, TCB index., Turbidity, FCB and PO43- periodically and selectively to keep up to date with situations that may occur in the future.
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