Sound Changes of Hainanese in Thailand from Proto to Present Time
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Abstract
The study aimed to study Hainanese sound change in Thailand from Proto sound to the Present time. Data were analyzed by the comparative method from previous studies of phonological of Hainanese in Thailand. The result showed in three parts. First, Proto Hainanese Tones had three tones: píng, shɑ̌ng, and qù. The tonogenesis of Hainanese in Thailand was a two-way split based on voicing. Second, Proto Hainanese Consonants had 28 consonants: 11 voiceless initial consonants and seventeen voiced initial consonants had become 18 consonants in Hainanese. The consonant sound change of Hainanese was voiceless became voiced, strengthening, weakening, devoicing, and palatalized. Finally, Proto Hainanese Vowels had two types: Proto monophthongs: six oral and two nasalized vowels and Proto diphthong vowels: six oral vowels and two nasalized vowels had become five oral monophthongs and three oral diphthong vowels in Hainanese, respectively. Moreover, this study found that some Hainanese people in Thailand use some Teochew words instead of their Hainanese words.
Keywords: Hainanese, sound change, Proto sound, Chinese dialect
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