The Architectural Design in the Reign of Phrabat Somdet Phra Nangklao Chao Yu Hua: A Case Study of Wat Ratcha-Orasaram, Wat Nang and Wat Nangnong

Abstract

This research aims to find the creative design concepts that led to the architectural appearance of the temples renovated by King Rama III which are situated along Klong Dan canal. Wat Ratcha-Orasaram, Wat Nang, and Wat Nangnong, the case studies of the research, served as a prototype for other temples in the same period. The scope of the research includes buildings within the Buddhawat area, such as Ubosot, Vihara, Stupa, Sermon hall, and various auxiliary buildings. The methods for collecting data include interviews, field surveys, and documentary sources. The study was carried out through the analysis of the architectural design process in floor plan systems, architectural styles, functionality, materials, and decorations.

Newly found concepts in layout systems are a new axial system that enhances the subunit of the layout, and an enclosure design which creates spatial continuity. Architectural styles, the creative design concepts reflected an influence of Chinese and Western art on boundary stone shelters, and new forms of stupas. Materials and decorations, for durability reasons, applied a mother-of-pearl inlay technique on the entire surface of the doors. Moreover, the creative design concepts also consist of using the main theme, Phra Maha Chakrapatara, which harmonized the design of the Buddha image and mural painting in the interior space.