Increasing Lower Extremity Muscle Strength and the Speed of Sit-to-Stand by Using a Motor Imagery Control Combined with Exercise Program in Older Adults: An EEG Study
Article Sidebar
Published:
Dec 29, 2017
Keywords:
motor imagery muscle strength sit-to-stand electroencephalography
Main Article Content
Abstract
The purposes of this research were to increase lower extremity muscle strength and the speed of sit-to-stand by using a Motor Imagery Control Combined with Exercise Program (MICE) compared with a control group who received the General Exercise Program (GE). The participants were fortyeight female older adults aged 60-74 years, were randomly assigned to an experimental group (n=23) and the control group (n=25). A randomized pretest and posttest active control group design was applied in this study. The research instruments were MICE and GE programs, lower extremity muscle strength was measured by Hand-held dynamometer, speed of sit-to-stand was measured by Five Times Sit-to-Stand Test (FTSST) and Neuroscan system was used to collect signals of EEG. Data were analyzed by t-test.
The results revealed that: The experimental group had increased in muscle strength of lower extremity, improved speed of FTSST, and enhancement of %ERD (Event-related desynchronization) of alpha wave at the frontal lobe and the sensorimotor area during sit-to-stand imagery task (higher than the control group after training, p<.05). These fndings show that the MICE program can increase the muscle strength and the speed of sit-to-stand. This approach is an alternative program for exercising for older adults in addition to general exercise. Keywords: , muscle strength, sit-to-stand, electroencephalography
Article Details
Section
บทความวิจัย (Research Articles)
ผลงานที่ได้รับการตีพิมพ์ถือเป็นลิขสิทธิ์ของวารสารวิทยาการวิจัยและวิทยาการปัญญา
References
Bohannon, R. W. (2006). Reference values for the fve-repetition sit-to-stand test: A descriptive meta-analysis of data from elders. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 103(1), 215-222.
Bohannon, R. W., Bubela, D. J., Magasi, S. R., Wang, Y. C., & Gershon, R. C. (2010). Sit-to-stand test: Performance and determinants across the age-span. Isokinetics and Exercise Science, 18(4), 235-240.
Brzycki, M. (1993). Strength testing-predicting a onerep max from reps-to-fatigue. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 64(1), 88-90.
Cassilhas, R. C., Viana, V. A., Grassmann, V., Santos, R. T., Santos, R. F., Tufk, S., & Mello, M. T. (2007). The impact of resistance exercise on the cognitive function of the elderly. Medicine and Science in
Sports and Exercise, 39(8), 1401-1407.
Cheng, S. J., Yang, Y. R., Cheng, F. Y., Chen, I. H., & Wang, R. Y. (2014). The changes of muscle strength and functional activities during aging in male and female populations. International Journal
of Gerontology, 8(4), 197-202.
Dickstein, R., & Deutsch, J. (2007). Motor imagery in physical therapist practice. Physical Therapy, 87(7), 942-953.
Hazell, T., Kenno, K., & Jakobi, J. (2007). Functional beneft of power training for older adults. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity, 15(3), 349-359.
Ishii, K., Matsukawa, K., Liang, N., Endo, K., Idesako, M., Hamada, H., Ueno, K., & Kataoka, T. (2013). Evidence for centrally induced cholinergic vasodilatation in skeletal muscle during voluntary one-legged
cycling and motor imagery in humans. Physiological Reports, 1(4), 1-16.
Jackson, P. L., Lafleur, M. F., Malouin, F., Richards, C. L., & Doyon, J. (2003). Functional cerebral reorganization following motor sequence learning through mental practice with motor imagery.
Neuroimage, 20(2), 1171-1180.
Jeannerod, M. (1994). The representing brain: neural correlates of motor intention and imagery. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 17(2), 187-245.
Jiang, C., Ranganathan, V. K., Zhang, J., Siemionow, V., & Yue, G. H. (2016). Motor effort training with low exercise intensity improves muscle strength and descending command in aging. Medicine, 95(24), 1-7.
Khongsri, N., Tongsuntud, S., Limampai, P., & Kuptniratsaikul, V. (2016). The prevalence of sarcopenia and related factors in a communitydwelling elders Thai population. Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia,
2(2), 110-115.
Kim, S. S., Lee, H. J., & You, Y. Y. (2015). Effects of ankle strengthening exercises combined with motor imagery training on the timed up and go test score and weight bearing ratio in stroke patients. Journal of
Physical Therapy Science, 27(7), 2303-2305.
Klimesch, W., Sauseng, P., & Hanslmayr, S. (2007). EEG alpha oscillations: The inhibition–timing hypothesis. Brain Research Reviews, 53(1), 63-88.
Kraemer, W. J., Adams, K., Cafarelli, E., Dudley, G. A., Dooly, C., Feigenbaum, M. S., & Newton, R.U. (2002). American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Progression models in resistance
training for healthy adults. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 34(2), 364-380.
Lebon, F., Collet, C., & Guillot, A. (2010). Benefts of motor imagery training on muscle strength. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 24(6), 1680-1687.
Lee, J., Hwang, S., & Ahn, S. (2016). Effects of sit-to-stand imagery group training on balance performance in individuals with chronic hemiparetic stroke: A randomized control trial. Physical Therapy
Rehabilitation Science, 5(2), 63-69.
Leung, M. C. M., Spittle, M., & Kidgell, D. J. (2013). Corticospinal excitability following short-term motor imagery training of a strength task. Journal of Imagery Research in Sport and Physical Activity,
8(1), 1-10.
Leungratanamart, L., & Chadcham, C. (2012). Effects of treadmill exercise on executive function in early adults: An event-related potential study. Research Methodology & Cognitive Science, 10(2), 17-34.
Liu-Ambrose, T., Nagamatsu, L. S., Graf, P., Beattie, B. L., Ashe, M. C., & Handy, T. C. (2010). Resistance training and executive functions: A 12-month randomized controlled trial. Archives of Internal
Medicine, 170(2), 170-178.
Malouin, F., Belleville, S., Richards, C. L., Desrosiers, J., & Doyon, J. (2004). Working memory and mental practice outcomes after stroke. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 85(2), 177-183.
Manorangsan, S., Panpeach, P., & Vorakittikul, D. (2015). Five-Times-Sit-To-Stand Test and ActivitiesSpecifc Balance Confdence Scale in Thai fallers. Thammasat International Journal of Science and
Technology, 20(1), 18-28.
Mitchell, W. K., Williams, J., Atherton, P., Larvin, M., Lund, J., & Narici, M. (2012). Sarcopenia, dynapenia, and the impact of advancing age on human skeletal muscle size and strength; a quantitative review.
Frontiers in Physiology, 3(260), 1-18.
Nascimento, M. A. D., Cyrino, E. S., Nakamura, F. Y., Romanzini, M., Pianca, H. J. C., & Queiróga, M. R. (2007). Validation of the Brzycki equation for the estimation of 1-RM in the bench press. Revista
Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte, 13(1), 47-50.
Ngowtrakul, B., Chadcham, S., & Kaewkaen, P. (2017). Increasing lower extremity muscle strength and the speed of sit-to-stand by using a Motor Imagery Control Combined with Exercise Program in older
adults: An electromyography and electroencephalography studies. Doctoral dissertation, College of research methodology and cognitive science, Burapha University.
Pfurtscheller, G., Neuper, C., Ramoser, H., & Müller-Gerking, J. (1999). Visually guided motor imagery activates sensorimotor areas in humans. Neuroscience Letters, 269(3), 153-156.
Pfurtscheller, G., Linortner, P., Winkler, R., Korisek, G., & Müller-Putz, G. (2009). Discrimination of motor imagery-induced EEG patterns in patients with complete spinal cord injury. Computational
intelligence and neuroscience, 2009, 1-6.
Pichierri, G., Wolf, P., Murer, K., & de Bruin, E. D. (2011). Cognitive and cognitive-motor interventions affecting physical functioning: A systematic review. BMC geriatrics, 11(1), 1-19.
Poncumhak, P., Suwannakul, B., & Srithawong. (2016). Validity of fve times sit to stand test for the evaluation of risk of fall in community-dwelling older adults. Bull Chiang Mai Assoc Med Sci,49(2), 236-244.
Saimpont, A., Pozzo, T., & Papaxanthis, C. (2009). Aging affects the mental rotation of left and right hands. PLoS One, 4(8), 1-8.
Schlicht, J., Camaione, D. N., & Owen, S. V. (2001). Effect of intense strength training on standing balance, walking speed, and sit-to-stand performance in older adults. The Journals of Gerontology Series
A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 56(5), M281-M286.
Sidaway, B., & Trzaska, A. R. (2005). Can mental practice increase ankle dorsiflexor torque?. Physical Therapy, 85(10), 1053-1060.
Umphred, D. A., Lazaro, R. T., Roller, M. L., & Burton, G.U. (2013). Umphred’s neurological rehabilitation (6th ed.). St Louis: Elsevier.
Ushiyama, J., Takahashi, Y., & Ushiba, J. (2010). Muscle dependency of corticomuscular coherence in upper and lower limb muscles and training-related alterations in ballet dancers and weightlifters.
Journal of Applied Physiology, 109(4), 1086-1095.
Williams, M. A., Haskell, W. L., Ades, P. A., Amsterdam, E. A., Bittner, V., Franklin, B. A., Gulanick, M., Laing,S., & Stewart, K. J. (2007). Resistance exercise in individuals with and without cardiovascular
disease: 2007 update a scientifc statement from the American heart association council on clinical cardiology and council on nutrition, physical activity, and metabolism. Circulation, 116(5), 572-584.
Xu, L., Zhang, H., Hui, M., Jin, Z., Liu, Y., & Yao, L.(2014). Motor execution and motor imagery: A comparison of functional connectivity patterns based on graph theory. Neuroscience, 261(2014),184-194.
Yoshioka, S., Nagano, A., Hay, D. C., & Fukashiro, S. (2009). Biomechanical analysis of the relation between movement time and joint moment development during a sit-to-stand task. Biomedical Engineering
Online, 8(1), 1-9.
Yoshioka, S., Nagano, A., Hay, D. C., & Fukashiro, S.(2014). Peak hip and knee joint moments during a sit-to-stand movement are invariant to the change of seat height within the range of low to normal seat
height. Biomedical Engineering Online, 13(27), 1-13
Bohannon, R. W., Bubela, D. J., Magasi, S. R., Wang, Y. C., & Gershon, R. C. (2010). Sit-to-stand test: Performance and determinants across the age-span. Isokinetics and Exercise Science, 18(4), 235-240.
Brzycki, M. (1993). Strength testing-predicting a onerep max from reps-to-fatigue. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 64(1), 88-90.
Cassilhas, R. C., Viana, V. A., Grassmann, V., Santos, R. T., Santos, R. F., Tufk, S., & Mello, M. T. (2007). The impact of resistance exercise on the cognitive function of the elderly. Medicine and Science in
Sports and Exercise, 39(8), 1401-1407.
Cheng, S. J., Yang, Y. R., Cheng, F. Y., Chen, I. H., & Wang, R. Y. (2014). The changes of muscle strength and functional activities during aging in male and female populations. International Journal
of Gerontology, 8(4), 197-202.
Dickstein, R., & Deutsch, J. (2007). Motor imagery in physical therapist practice. Physical Therapy, 87(7), 942-953.
Hazell, T., Kenno, K., & Jakobi, J. (2007). Functional beneft of power training for older adults. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity, 15(3), 349-359.
Ishii, K., Matsukawa, K., Liang, N., Endo, K., Idesako, M., Hamada, H., Ueno, K., & Kataoka, T. (2013). Evidence for centrally induced cholinergic vasodilatation in skeletal muscle during voluntary one-legged
cycling and motor imagery in humans. Physiological Reports, 1(4), 1-16.
Jackson, P. L., Lafleur, M. F., Malouin, F., Richards, C. L., & Doyon, J. (2003). Functional cerebral reorganization following motor sequence learning through mental practice with motor imagery.
Neuroimage, 20(2), 1171-1180.
Jeannerod, M. (1994). The representing brain: neural correlates of motor intention and imagery. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 17(2), 187-245.
Jiang, C., Ranganathan, V. K., Zhang, J., Siemionow, V., & Yue, G. H. (2016). Motor effort training with low exercise intensity improves muscle strength and descending command in aging. Medicine, 95(24), 1-7.
Khongsri, N., Tongsuntud, S., Limampai, P., & Kuptniratsaikul, V. (2016). The prevalence of sarcopenia and related factors in a communitydwelling elders Thai population. Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia,
2(2), 110-115.
Kim, S. S., Lee, H. J., & You, Y. Y. (2015). Effects of ankle strengthening exercises combined with motor imagery training on the timed up and go test score and weight bearing ratio in stroke patients. Journal of
Physical Therapy Science, 27(7), 2303-2305.
Klimesch, W., Sauseng, P., & Hanslmayr, S. (2007). EEG alpha oscillations: The inhibition–timing hypothesis. Brain Research Reviews, 53(1), 63-88.
Kraemer, W. J., Adams, K., Cafarelli, E., Dudley, G. A., Dooly, C., Feigenbaum, M. S., & Newton, R.U. (2002). American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Progression models in resistance
training for healthy adults. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 34(2), 364-380.
Lebon, F., Collet, C., & Guillot, A. (2010). Benefts of motor imagery training on muscle strength. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 24(6), 1680-1687.
Lee, J., Hwang, S., & Ahn, S. (2016). Effects of sit-to-stand imagery group training on balance performance in individuals with chronic hemiparetic stroke: A randomized control trial. Physical Therapy
Rehabilitation Science, 5(2), 63-69.
Leung, M. C. M., Spittle, M., & Kidgell, D. J. (2013). Corticospinal excitability following short-term motor imagery training of a strength task. Journal of Imagery Research in Sport and Physical Activity,
8(1), 1-10.
Leungratanamart, L., & Chadcham, C. (2012). Effects of treadmill exercise on executive function in early adults: An event-related potential study. Research Methodology & Cognitive Science, 10(2), 17-34.
Liu-Ambrose, T., Nagamatsu, L. S., Graf, P., Beattie, B. L., Ashe, M. C., & Handy, T. C. (2010). Resistance training and executive functions: A 12-month randomized controlled trial. Archives of Internal
Medicine, 170(2), 170-178.
Malouin, F., Belleville, S., Richards, C. L., Desrosiers, J., & Doyon, J. (2004). Working memory and mental practice outcomes after stroke. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 85(2), 177-183.
Manorangsan, S., Panpeach, P., & Vorakittikul, D. (2015). Five-Times-Sit-To-Stand Test and ActivitiesSpecifc Balance Confdence Scale in Thai fallers. Thammasat International Journal of Science and
Technology, 20(1), 18-28.
Mitchell, W. K., Williams, J., Atherton, P., Larvin, M., Lund, J., & Narici, M. (2012). Sarcopenia, dynapenia, and the impact of advancing age on human skeletal muscle size and strength; a quantitative review.
Frontiers in Physiology, 3(260), 1-18.
Nascimento, M. A. D., Cyrino, E. S., Nakamura, F. Y., Romanzini, M., Pianca, H. J. C., & Queiróga, M. R. (2007). Validation of the Brzycki equation for the estimation of 1-RM in the bench press. Revista
Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte, 13(1), 47-50.
Ngowtrakul, B., Chadcham, S., & Kaewkaen, P. (2017). Increasing lower extremity muscle strength and the speed of sit-to-stand by using a Motor Imagery Control Combined with Exercise Program in older
adults: An electromyography and electroencephalography studies. Doctoral dissertation, College of research methodology and cognitive science, Burapha University.
Pfurtscheller, G., Neuper, C., Ramoser, H., & Müller-Gerking, J. (1999). Visually guided motor imagery activates sensorimotor areas in humans. Neuroscience Letters, 269(3), 153-156.
Pfurtscheller, G., Linortner, P., Winkler, R., Korisek, G., & Müller-Putz, G. (2009). Discrimination of motor imagery-induced EEG patterns in patients with complete spinal cord injury. Computational
intelligence and neuroscience, 2009, 1-6.
Pichierri, G., Wolf, P., Murer, K., & de Bruin, E. D. (2011). Cognitive and cognitive-motor interventions affecting physical functioning: A systematic review. BMC geriatrics, 11(1), 1-19.
Poncumhak, P., Suwannakul, B., & Srithawong. (2016). Validity of fve times sit to stand test for the evaluation of risk of fall in community-dwelling older adults. Bull Chiang Mai Assoc Med Sci,49(2), 236-244.
Saimpont, A., Pozzo, T., & Papaxanthis, C. (2009). Aging affects the mental rotation of left and right hands. PLoS One, 4(8), 1-8.
Schlicht, J., Camaione, D. N., & Owen, S. V. (2001). Effect of intense strength training on standing balance, walking speed, and sit-to-stand performance in older adults. The Journals of Gerontology Series
A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 56(5), M281-M286.
Sidaway, B., & Trzaska, A. R. (2005). Can mental practice increase ankle dorsiflexor torque?. Physical Therapy, 85(10), 1053-1060.
Umphred, D. A., Lazaro, R. T., Roller, M. L., & Burton, G.U. (2013). Umphred’s neurological rehabilitation (6th ed.). St Louis: Elsevier.
Ushiyama, J., Takahashi, Y., & Ushiba, J. (2010). Muscle dependency of corticomuscular coherence in upper and lower limb muscles and training-related alterations in ballet dancers and weightlifters.
Journal of Applied Physiology, 109(4), 1086-1095.
Williams, M. A., Haskell, W. L., Ades, P. A., Amsterdam, E. A., Bittner, V., Franklin, B. A., Gulanick, M., Laing,S., & Stewart, K. J. (2007). Resistance exercise in individuals with and without cardiovascular
disease: 2007 update a scientifc statement from the American heart association council on clinical cardiology and council on nutrition, physical activity, and metabolism. Circulation, 116(5), 572-584.
Xu, L., Zhang, H., Hui, M., Jin, Z., Liu, Y., & Yao, L.(2014). Motor execution and motor imagery: A comparison of functional connectivity patterns based on graph theory. Neuroscience, 261(2014),184-194.
Yoshioka, S., Nagano, A., Hay, D. C., & Fukashiro, S. (2009). Biomechanical analysis of the relation between movement time and joint moment development during a sit-to-stand task. Biomedical Engineering
Online, 8(1), 1-9.
Yoshioka, S., Nagano, A., Hay, D. C., & Fukashiro, S.(2014). Peak hip and knee joint moments during a sit-to-stand movement are invariant to the change of seat height within the range of low to normal seat
height. Biomedical Engineering Online, 13(27), 1-13