Demand for Gasohol and Pricing Policy in Thailand
คำสำคัญ:
gasohol demand, price elasticity of gasoholบทคัดย่อ
ตลาดแก๊สโซฮอล์ในประเทศไทยได้ขยายตัวอย่างมากนับตั้งแต่ที่มีการเริ่มใช้ในปี 2003 ในปีนั้นมีการบริโภคประมาณ 2.6 ล้านลิตร และเพิ่มขึ้นอย่างรวดเร็วเป็น 4,383 ล้านลิตรในปี 2010 เพื่อที่จะศึกษาว่าในบรรดามาตรการกระตุ้นการใช้แก๊สโซฮอล์ มาตรการด้านราคาเป็น มาตรการที่มีบทบาทสำคัญในการเพิ่มการบริโภคแก๊สโซฮอล์หรือไม่ การศึกษานี้จึงได้ทำการประมาณการสมการอุปสงค์ของแก๊สโซฮอล์และอุปสงค์ของแก๊สโซลีนโดยรวม (น้ำมันเบนซินรวมกับแก๊สโซฮอล์) จากนั้นใช้ความยืดหยุ่นต่อราคาและโครงสร้างราคาของแก๊สโซฮอล์ในการประเมินความมีประสิทธิภาพของมาตรการด้านราคาและภาษีต่างๆ การศึกษาพบว่าในระยะสั้น การบริโภคแก๊สโซฮอล์ไม่ยืดหยุ่นต่อราคา นั่นคือ มาตรการด้านราคามีผลที่จากัดในการเพิ่มการบริโภคแก๊สโซฮอล์ในระยะสั้น ดังนั้นเพื่อเพิ่มปริมาณการบริโภคแก๊สโซฮอล์ให้มากขึ้น มาตรการด้านอื่นๆ เช่น การบังคับใช้แก๊สโซฮอล์ การเจาะตลาดของ E85 และการเพิ่มความเชื่อมั่นของผู้บริโภคที่มีต่อแก๊สโซฮอล์ เป็นสิ่งที่ควรจะกระทาควบคู่กับมาตรการด้านราคา
References
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16. Luchansky, M. S. and Monks, J. (2009) Supply and Demand Elasticities in the U.S. Ethanol Fuel Market, Energy Economics, 31, pp.403-410.
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2. Alves, Denisard C.O. and Bueno, Rodrigo De Losso da Silveira. (2003) Short-Run, Long-run and Cross Elasticities of Gasoline Demand in Brazil, Energy Economics, 25, pp.191-199.
3. Anderson, S. T. (2006) The Demand for E85 Ethanol, Research report. University of California Energy Institute. Available at https://www.ucei.berkeley.edu/gasoilmarkets/Papers/2-Anderson.pdf (accessed 21 July 2009).
4. Banaszak, Sara et al. (1999) Demand for Ground Transportation Fuel and Pricing Policy in Asian Tigers: A Comparative Study of Korea and Taiwan, Energy Journal, 20(2), pp.145-165.
5. Bentzen, J. (1994) An Empirical Analysis of Gasoline Demand in Denmark Using Co Integration Techniques, Energy Economics, 16, pp.139-143.
6. Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency (DEDE), Ministry of Energy. (2005) Ethanol Policy and Strategies, Powerpoint presentation (in Thai). 1 December 2005. Rama Gardens Hotel, Bangkok.
7. Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency (DEDE), Ministry of Energy. (2009) Notification of Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency, re: Guideline for FFV Import Duty Reduction Application 2009 (in Thai).
8. Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency (DEDE), Ministry of Energy. (2010) Ethanol and Biodiesel Situation in Thailand, Powerpoint presentation (in Thai). 25 August 2010.
9. Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency (DEDE), Ministry of Energy. Ethanol (in Thai). Available at https://www.dede.go.th/dede/index.php?option=com_ content&view=article&id=886%3A2010-10-15-09-18-18&catid=61%3A2010-04-06-09-22-58&Itemid=68&lang=en (accessed 8 February 2011).
10. Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency (DEDE), Ministry of Energy. Share of Final Energy by Sector 2009. Available at https://www.eppo.go.th/info/ 1summary_ stat.htm (accessed 8 February 2011)
11. Department of Energy Business (DOEB), Ministry of Energy. Statistics. Available at https://www.doeb.go.th/information/information.htm (accessed 8 February 2011)
12. Eltony, M N and Al-Multairi, N H. (1995) Demand for Gasoline in Kuwait, Energy Economics, 17, pp.249-253. Energy Conservation Promotion Act B.E.2535 (1992).
13. Energy Policy and Planning Office (EPPO), Ministry of Energy. (2003) National Energy Strategies, Thailand Energy Policy and Measures 2003 (in Thai). Bangkok: Energy Policy and Planning Office. Available at https://www.eppo.go.th/doc/report-2546/4-strategies.html (accessed 30 June 2009)
14. Energy Policy and Planning Office (EPPO), Ministry of Energy. 2004. Oil Fund (in Thai). Available at https://www.eppo.go.th/petro/oilfund.html (accessed 25 October 2009).
15. Energy Policy and Planning Office (EPPO), Ministry of Energy. Energy Database. Available at https://www.eppo.go.th/info/index.html Gujarati, D. N. (2003): Basic Econometrics (Singapore: McGraw-Hill).
16. Luchansky, M. S. and Monks, J. (2009) Supply and Demand Elasticities in the U.S. Ethanol Fuel Market, Energy Economics, 31, pp.403-410.
17. Ministry of Finance (2007): Notification of the Ministry of Finance of the Kingdom of Thailand, re: Excise Tax Rate Reduction (No.80) (in Thai).
18. Ministry of Finance (2011): Notification of the Ministry of Finance of the Kingdom of Thailand, re: Excise Tax Rate Reduction (No.87) (in Thai).
19. Ministry of Finance (2011): Notification of the Ministry of Finance of the Kingdom of Thailand, re: Import Duty Reduction and Exemption (No.19) (in Thai).
20. Ministry of Transport (2009): Fuel Consumption in Transport Sector by Transport Mode, 2000-2009 (in Thai). Available at https://vigportal.mot.go.th/portal/site/PortalMOT/stat/index20URL/ (accessed 8 February 2011).
21. Ramanathan, R. (1999) Short- and Long-Run Elasticities of Gasoline Demand in India: An Empirical Analysis Using Cointegration Techniques, Energy Economics, 21, pp.321-330.
22. Rask, K. N. (1998) Clean Air and Renewable Fuels: the Market for Fuel Ethanol in the US from 1984 to 1993, Energy Economics, 20, pp.325-345.
23. Standing Committee on Energy, House of Representatives, National Assembly of Thailand. (2004) Renewable Energy in Thailand: Ethanol and Biodiesel. Translated from Thai by Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency Department, Ministry of Energy (Bangkok: Plan Printing).
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2018-07-31
How to Cite
Suksri, P. (2018). Demand for Gasohol and Pricing Policy in Thailand. Thailand and The World Economy, 29(3), 58–80. สืบค้น จาก https://so05.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/TER/article/view/137442
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