An Analysis of factors in the First Language (Thai) that Influence the Learning of the Second Language (English)
Main Article Content
Abstract
The purpose of this non-empirical study was to analyze the factors in L1 (Thai) that influence L2 learning (English) in Thai learners. It consisted of four sections. The first one is an introduction. The second one is an introduction to the Thai language and the English language. The third section illustrates the differences in syntax between Thai and English. Numerous supporting studies were reviewed, including a discussion of whether the Thai and English languages have an effect on L2 learning. The conclusion was drawn in light of numerous related studies and other recent empirical studies that support the conclusion in the final section. According to many studies reviewed in this paper, it was determined that intralingual errors, not interlingual errors or L1 interference, are the primary source of errors in learners’ L2 production.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Saville-Troike, M. (2006). Introducing second language acquisition. Cambridge University Press.
Lightbown, P., & Spada, N. (2013). How Languages are Learned 4th edition (4th Ed.). Oxford University Press.
Cook, V., & Newson, M. (2007). Chomsky's universal grammar. 1st Ed. MA: Blackwell Pub.
Krashen, S., & Terrell, T. (1988) The natural approach. 2nd Ed. Prentice Hall Europe.
Teeranon, P. (2020). Thai tones in Chinese students after using the “Tone Application” and their attitudes. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 16(4), 1680-1697. Doi: 10.17263/jlls.850980
Jogthong, C. (2001). Research article introductions in Thai: Genre analysis of academic writing. West Virginia University.
Smyth, D. (1987). Thai speakers. In: M. Swan and B. Smith, Ed., Learner English: A teacher's guide to interference and other problems. Cambridge University Press.
Sermsongswad, U., & Tantipongsanurak, C. (2015). English language education in Thailand. In T. Bigalke & S. Sharbawi, English for Asian integration: Policies and practices in the region, Brunei Darussalam: Universiti Brunei Darussalam, 46-51.
EF EPI 2020 - EF English Proficiency Index. (2021). The world’s largest ranking of countries and regions by English skills. https://www.ef.com/wwen/epi/
Ang, J. (2021). Asian countries with the highest and lowest English proficiency. https://www.humanresourcesonline.net/asian-countries-with-the-highest-and-lowest-english-proficiency
Piamsai, C. (2017). An investigation of Thai learners’ needs of English language use for intensive English course development. Pasaa Paritat Journal, (32), 73.
Santiwatthanasiri, T. (2018). Factors affecting the English speaking ability of Thai university students (Master's Degree). Thammasat University.
Panthito, B. (2018). A study of the problems of English speaking skills of the first year students at Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University. Journal Of MCU Humanities Review, 2(4), 187.
Polrak, M. (2019). Factors causing demotivation in English learning among Thai student in the Faculty of Agricultural Technology, KMITL In The 10th Hatyai National and International Conference (pp. 1807-1819). Songkhla: Hatyai University.
Tantiwich, K., & Sinwongsuwat, K. (2021). Thai university students’ problems of language use in English conversation. LEARN Journal: Language Education and Acquisition Research Network, 14(2), 601.
Bennui, P. (2008). A study of L1 interference in the writing of Thai EFL students. Malaysian Journal of ELT Research, 4, 72-102.
Richards, J., & Schmidt, R. (2010). Longman dictionary of language teaching and applied linguistics. 4th Ed. Pearson Education Limited.
Sari, E. (2016). Interlingual errors and intralingual errors found in narrative text written by EFL students in Lampung. Jurnal Penelitian Humaniora, 17(2).
Prasitrattasin, A. (2002). The differences between Thai and English structures that affect translation. Ramkhamhaeng University Journal, 19(3), 68-82.
Quirk, R., & Greenbaum, S. (1973). A university grammar of English. 1st Ed. Longman.
Huddleston, R. (1984). Introduction to the grammar of English. 1st Ed. Cambridge University Press.
Parrott, M. (2010). Grammar for English language teachers. 1st Ed. Cambridge University Press.
Tipprachaban, B. (2022). Interference Problems in English <-> Thai Translation: A Study of Thai Translation Students. (Unpublished PhD’s thesis). University of Southampton, UK. Thai | Asian Languages & Literature | University of Washington (2017) Asian.washington.edu. https://asian.washington.edu/fields/thai.
Namtapi, I., & Pongpairoj, N. (2016). The acquisition of L2 English non-null arguments by L1 Thai learners. Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences, 37(3), 150-157. doi: 10.1016/j.kjss.2016.08.011
Thong-Iam, N. (2016). English into Thai translation errors of English prepositions and prepositional phrases of Thai undergraduates. Journal RMUTTO, 5(2), 1-10.
Slabakova, R. (2016). Second language acquisition. 1st Ed. Oxford University Press.
Gass, S., & Selinker, L. (2001) Second language acquisition. 2nd Ed. L. Erlbaum Associates.
Krashen, S. (1982). Principles and practice in second language acquisition. Pergamon Press.
Kongkerd, W. (2013). Teaching English in the era of English used as a lingua franca in Thailand. Executive Journal, 31(4).
Noom-ura, S. (2013). English-teaching problems in Thailand and Thai teachers’ professional development needs, English Language Teaching, 6(11). doi: 10.5539/elt.v6n11p139.
Mitchell, R., & Myles, F. (2013). Second language learning theories. 3rd Ed. Hodder Arnold.
Towell, R., & Hawkins, R. (1994) Approaches to second language acquisition. 1st Ed. Multilingual Matters.
Ellis, R. (1994). The study of second language acquisition. 1st Ed. Oxford Univ. Press.
Phetdannuea, F., & Ngonkum, S. (2016). Interlingual errors and intralingual errors in Thai EFL students’ writing at Khon Kaen University. KKU Research Journal of Humanities And Social Sciences (Graduate Studies), 4(2), 35-51.
Khumphee, S. & Yodkamlue, B. (2017). Grammatical errors in English essays written by Thai EFL undergraduate students. Journal of Education, Mahasarakham University, 11(4), 139-154.
George, H. (1972). Common errors in language learning. Newbury House Publishers.
Whitman, R., & Jackson, K. (1972). The unpredictability of contrastive analysis. Language Learning, 22(1), 29-41. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-1770.1972.tb00071.x
Larsen-Freeman, D. (1976). An explanation for the morpheme acquisition order of second language learners. Language Learning, 26(1), 125-134. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-1770.1976.tb00264.x
Angguni, R. (2020). Interlingual and intralingual errors of writing descriptive text made by third semester students of English Education Department Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa University Yogyakarta. JELLT (Journal of English Language and Language Teaching), 4(2), 75-85.
Ullah, W., & Sijono, S. (2018). The study of interlingual and intralingual errors of students' descriptive writing at one private university in Sintang. Journal Of English Educational Study, 1(1), 18-23.
Suetae, J. & Yok, C. (2012). Lexical errors in the written compositions of Thai EFL students: Neglectful instruction of vocabulary teaching. Yala Islam University Journal, 2(4), 1-15.
Utami, S. (2017). The source of errors in Indonesian-English translation. Jurnal KATA, 1(2), 192.
James, C. (1998). Errors in language learning and use. Pearson Education.
Dulay, H., Burt, M. & Krashen, S. (1983). Language two. Oxford University Press.