Strategic Planning, Master Planning and Project Management Return of Zoo Project Case Study: Internationally Certified Zoos in The United States
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Abstract
Thailand is developing a new zoo project into a national zoo. Strategic and master plans are being made. Internationally certified zoos were studied in order to apply concepts, project plans and project management returns by reviewing literatures, analyzing and comparing the strengths of the development of the projects for significantly providing benefits for developing National zoos. Therefore, three zoos in the United States being certified according to the World Association of Aquarium and Zoo (WAZA) standard and receiving awards were studied as follows: Saint Louis Zoo, Denver Zoo, and Woodland Park Zoo. It was found that there were two types of project plans: 1) the main walkways surrounding the areas and the sub walkways leading to sub exhibition areas, and 2) the walkways surrounding the animal areas. Regarding the compensations, it was found that the fundraising, amounts of the three zoos were higher than other amounts. The zoo with the highest net operating income (NOI) was that with the lowest employment cost. The findings showed the importance of strategic planning that set the directions of the future developments and investments of the zoos as well as the financial returns of the zoo management. It also economically impact to the business areas around the zoos.
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