Design Guidelines for Enhancing Usable Space in Public Library Buildings: A Case Study of Nonthaburi Province

Abstract

Public libraries play a vital role as community learning centers, extending beyond merely serving as places for reading. They also function as venues for activities, access to technology, and lifelong learning support for people of all ages. The physical layout of a library significantly influences user experiences and satisfaction. Therefore, the design and organization of interior spaces to align with real usage contexts are critical and require ongoing improvement. This research aims to 1) study the characteristics of spatial usage within the public library, 2) examine the users’ satisfaction with the use of library space, and 3) propose design guidelines for improving the public library in Nonthaburi Province. A mixed-methods approach was employed, involving qualitative data collection through in-depth interviews, behavioral observations, and the study of exemplary libraries both in Thailand and abroad (a total of three cases). Quantitative data were collected from 105 library users via a structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequency, mean, and standard deviation) as well as inferential statistics (mean rank test). The findings revealed that the most frequently used spaces included individual reading zones, newspaper reading areas, and multipurpose rooms often used for training sessions and community gatherings. User satisfaction ranged from moderate to high, particularly in terms of environment, cleanliness, and staff service. However, limitations were noted in the diversity of space for specific user groups (e.g., children and elderly), and in technological accessibility, such as limited access to computers, digital media, and low-performance Wi-Fi. Based on the findings, the study proposed design improvement strategies including the provision of flexible and multifunctional spaces, specialized areas for different user groups, enhanced digital infrastructure, and systematic interior layout arrangements. These improvements aim to strengthen the role of public libraries as inclusive, accessible, and responsive learning environments within the context of Nonthaburi Province.