The Problem-solution Approach of Political Philosophy of Mahatma Gandhi

Abstract

              The problems of current political philosophy are concerned with the past problems that are the two different sides of regimes which are democracy and communism. Both are based on philosophies of materialism and idealism then develop to the middle path of them that is naturalism. This path is called Dhammia Socialism which is related to moral politics in Buddhism about three sovereignties (Adhipateyya). There are as follows : 1) autocracy (Attadhipateyya) that concerns with absolute monarchy or communism; 2) the supremacy of the public opinion (Lokadhipateyya) that concerns with democracy; and 3) the supremacy of the righteousness (Dhammadhipateyya) that concerns with all regimes which are directed by the Dhamma. The Dhamma Socialism is the support ideas of moral politics such as Mahatma Gandhi who applied morality as a key to sueecss in his political movement. His performance reflects the problems, supplications, solution of problems, moral politics, and results of them in the following aspects : 1) the problem of exploitation : it is solved by the salt march which expresses the sincerity to fight and the result of it is the trust and honor from the mass; 2) the problem of violence : it is solved by non-violence which exercises mindful restraint on anger and the result of it is for cultivating wisdom to solve the problem wisly; 3) the problem of quarrel : it is solved by fasting the foods as an act of political protest which is the patience to practice it and the result of it is for gaining the internal property such as companions who are the political ideologists; and 4) the problem of dividing the country : he is unwilling to agree with british government in dividing the country and for this reason he has to sacrifice his life for the country. The result of it he wins the heart of world community until now. These are the fourfold moral politics which called Gharavasadhamma in Buddhism which increase Gandhi’s life-enchancing values because it is useful for studing the political philosophy further.