Building University Frontline Capacity: A Virtual IaH Initiative to Enhance Professional Staff’s Email Skills for International Engagement in a Global South context

Main Article Content

Emil F. Ubaldo
Patricia Anne M. Martinez
Maria Yna Diane M. Ubaldo

Abstract

The rapid internationalization of higher education underscores the need for an empowered workforce capable of meeting its emerging demands. Yet, professional development initiatives in most universities often overlook the vital role of professional staff who form the critical human infrastructure of global engagement. To address this gap, this case study examines an 8-week online English training, framed as a Virtual Internationalization at Home (IaH) initiative for a cohort of professional staff at a public university in the Philippines. Taught by a US-based instructor through blended online modalities, the training focused on enhancing the staff’s email communication skills and providing them with low stake international exposure. Data from post-program survey revealed participants’ high satisfaction on all key dimensions of the program, including content relevance, instruction, accessibility, engagement, and learning outcomes. They also expressed strong acceptance of the international instructor and reported feeling comfortable expressing themselves and seeking clarification in class. Consistent with these positive perceptions, pre- and post-test analyses showed statistically significant self-reported learning gains. These findings suggest that this Virtual IaH model may serve as an equitable and effective mechanism for developing global competencies among professional staff, particularly when travel or physical mobility is constrained due to limited institutional resources and travel funding. However, these promising outcomes should be interpreted in light of the study’s limitations, including its reliance on self-reported data, single-institution scope, and participant attrition, underscoring the need for stronger institutional support structures.

Article Details

How to Cite
Ubaldo, E. F., Martinez, P. A. M., & Ubaldo, M. Y. D. M. (2026). Building University Frontline Capacity: A Virtual IaH Initiative to Enhance Professional Staff’s Email Skills for International Engagement in a Global South context. rEFLections, 33(1), 555–577. https://doi.org/10.61508/refl.v33i1.289014
Section
Research articles

References

Antiado, D. F. A., Castillo, F. G., Reblando, J. R. P., & Tawadrous, M. I. (2020). Managing professional development activities for non-teaching staff: For professional growth. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 8(7), 3280–3285. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2020.080758

Beaven, A., & Davies, G. (2021). Continuous professional development on virtual exchange in Europe: Insights from the Erasmus+ VE introductory online course. In M. Satar (Ed.), Virtual exchange: Towards digital equity in internationalisation (pp. 157–167). Research-publishing.net. https://doi.org/10.14705/rpnet.2021.53.1297

Brandenburg, U. (2016). The value of administrative staff for internationalization. International Higher Education, 85, 15–17. https://doi.org/10.6017/ihe.2016.85.9239

Brandenburg, U., Casals Sala, M., Costa, B., Dequech, D., Domagała, J., Fernández, V., Graf, R., Reis, A., Rothmann, J., & Sandström, A. M. (2017). SUCTI report on training provision on internationalization for administrative staff in European higher education (F. J. H. Hunter, Ed.; Strategic Partnership No. 2016-1-ES01-KA203-025646). Systemic University Change Towards Internationalization. https://suctiproject.com/outputs/

Beelen, J., & Jones, E. (2015). Redefining internationalization at home. In A. Curaj, L. Matei, R. Pricopie, J. Salmi, & P. Scott (Eds.), The European higher education area (pp. 59–72). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20877-0_5

Bruhn-Zass, E. (2022). Virtual internationalization to support comprehensive internationalization in higher education. Journal of Studies in International Education, 26(2), 240–258. https://doi.org/10.1177/10283153211052776

Caldwell, J. (2024). Nomenclature in higher education: “Non-academic” as a construct. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management, 46(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/1360080X.2024.2306569

Clark, C., & Ackerley, K. (2019). Meeting the challenges of delivering specialised English language training for university staff. Linguæ & Rivista di Lingue e Culture Moderne, 18(2), 13–29. https://doi.org/10.7358/ling-2019-002-deac

Conrad, D., & Donaldson, J. (2011). Communication in the digital age: Best practices for global collaboration. Routledge.

de Jong, S., & del Junco, C. (2024). How do professional staff influence academic knowledge development? A literature review and research agenda. Studies in Higher Education, 49(6), 1042–1065. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2023.2258155

Finardi, K., & Aşık, A. (2024). Possibilities of virtual exchange for internationalization at home: Insights from the global south. Journal of Virtual Exchange, 7, Article 39593. https://doi.org/10.21827/jve.7.39593

Golubeva, I. (2019). Enhancing faculty and staff engagement in internationalization: A Hungarian example of training through intercultural dialogue. In U. Lundgren, P. Castro, & J. Woodin (Eds.), Educational approaches to internationalization through intercultural dialogue (pp. 183–194). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429444289

Gordon, G., & Whitchurch, C. (2010). Academic and professional identities in higher education. Routledge.

Graham, C. (2010). Hearing the voices of general staff: A Delphi study of the contributions of general staff to student outcomes. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management, 32(3), 213–223. https://doi.org/10.1080/13600801003743315

Graham, C. (2012). Transforming spaces and identities: The contributions of professional staff to learning spaces in higher education. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management, 34(4), 437–452. https://doi.org/10.1080/1360080X.2012.696326

Hallinger, P. (2014). Riding the tiger of world university rankings in East Asia: Where are we heading? International Journal of Educational Management, 28(2), 230–245. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEM-11-2012-0126

Hunter, F. (2018). Training administrative staff to become key players in the internationalization of higher education. International Higher Education, (92), 16–17. https://doi.org/10.6017/ihe.2018.92.10280

Jiang, X. (2010). A probe into the internationalization of higher education in the New Zealand context. Educational Philosophy and Theory, 42(8), 881–897. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-5812.2009.00547.x

Nuswantara, K., Prasetyo, B., Bhawika, G. W., & Suarmini, N. W. (2021). Using ADDIE model to appraise MOOC English for non-academic staff (ENAS) designed for university non-academic staff amid the COVID-19 outbreak. Jurnal Sosial Humaniora, 14(1), 74–86. https://doi.org/10.12962/j24433527.v14i1.8349

Paduretu, S., & Capraru, A. M. (2023). English for non-academic staff: Navigating internationalization, tackling intercultural communication, and developing language competence. In L. Gómez Chova, C. González Martínez, & J. Lees (Eds.), EDULEARN23 proceedings (pp. 5538–5541). International Academy of Technology, Education and Development. https://doi.org/10.21125/edulearn.2023.1455

Qiang, Z. (2003). Internationalization of higher education: Towards a conceptual framework. Policy Futures in Education, 1(2), 248–270. https://doi.org/10.2304/pfie.2003.1.2

Rafiq, K. R. M., Hashim, H., Yunus, M. M., & Pazilah, F. N. (2019). Developing a MOOC for communicative English: A battle of instructional designs. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 7(7), 29–39.

Sebalj, D., Holbrook, A., & Bourke, S. (2012). The rise of ‘professional staff’ and demise of the ‘non-academic’: A study of university staffing nomenclature preferences. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management, 34(5), 463–472. https://doi.org/10.1080/1360080X.2012.715994

Shin, J. C., & Toutkoushian, R. K. (2011). The past, present, and future of university rankings. In J. C. Shin, R. K. Toutkoushian, & U. Teichler (Eds.), University rankings: Theoretical basis, methodology and impacts on global higher education (pp. 1–16). Springer Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1116-7_1

Shattock, M. P. (2010). Managing successful universities (2nd ed.). Open University Press.

Subbarayalu, A. V. (2025). Climbing the global ladder: How internationalization impacts university rankings in higher education. In M. Kayyali (Ed.), Contemporary approaches to internationalization in higher education (pp. 273–306). IGI Global Scientific Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-6849-7.ch011

Subrahmanyam, S., & Kaspard, J. A. (2026). Strategic management of higher education institutions’ internationalization efforts. In Wu Berberich & R. Berberich (Eds.), Higher education institution strategies for internationalization (pp. 125–156). IGI Global Scientific Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3373-1092-3.ch005

Suntharalingam, P. (2026). Global rankings and their impact on internationalization. In Wu Berberich & R. Berberich (Eds.), Higher education institution strategies for internationalization (pp. 63–96). IGI Global Scientific Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3373-1092-3.ch003

Swartz, S., Barbosa, B., & Crawford, I. (2020). Building intercultural competence through virtual team collaboration across global classrooms. Business and Professional Communication Quarterly, 83(1), 57–79. https://doi.org/10.1177/2329490619878834

Veles, N., Graham, C., & Ovaska, C. (2023). University professional staff roles, identities, and spaces of interaction: Systematic review of literature published in 2000–2020. Policy Reviews in Higher Education, 7(2), 127–168. https://doi.org/10.1080/23322969.2023.2193826

Williams, J. H., Brehm, W., & Kitamura, Y. (2021). Measuring what matters? Mapping higher education internationalization in the Asia–Pacific. International Journal of Comparative Education and Development, 23(2), 65–80. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCED-10-2020-0071

Woicolesco, V. G., Cassol-Silva, C. C., & Morosini, M. (2022). Internationalization at home and virtual: A sustainable model for Brazilian higher education. Journal of Studies in International Education, 26(2), 222–239. https://doi.org/10.1177/10283153221076898