Development of the Causal Model of Career Success for Cooperative Education Graduates: A Review of Literature
Main Article Content
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop the causal model of career success for cooperative education graduates. This study was conducted by using a literature review and document analysis of secondary data. The results indicated that the structural model consists of 5 exogenous variables (human capital, occupational self-efficacy, cooperative education experience, organizational sponsorship, and work-family balance) and 2 endogenous variables (objective career success and subjective career success). All of the exogenous variables had a direct effect on objective career success and subjective career success. Besides, all of the exogenous variables had an indirect effect on subjective career success through objective career success.
Article Details
Section
Research Articles
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References
Abele, A. E., Spurk, D., & Volmer, J. (2011). The construct of career success: Measurement issues and an empirical example. Zeitschrift für ArbeitsmarktForschung (ZAF). 43: 195-216.
Abu, A.-M., Roziah, S., Rasdi, M., Abu, B., Abu, S., Silong, D., & Sulaiman, S. (2015). A career success model for academics at Malaysian Research Universities. European Journal of Training and Development. 39: 1-28.
Agha, K., Azmi, F., & Irfan, A. (2017). Work-life balance and job satisfaction: An empirical study focusing on Higher Education Teachers in Oman. International Journal of Social Science and Humanity. 7(3): 164-171.
Ahmed, H. (2014). Examine the relationship between work family conflict and its impact on job satisfaction leading to turnover. IOSR Journal of Business and Management. 16(7): 73-78.
Al-Balam, N. M., & Raza, S. A. (2009). Impact of family responsibilities on career success among employees working in the semi-government sector in the state of Qatar. International Journal Arab Culture, Management and Sustainable Development. 1(2): 208-223.
Allen, T. D., Herst, D. L., Bruck, C. S., & Sutton, M. (2000). Consequences associated with work-to-family conflict: A review and agenda for future research. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology. 5(2): 278-309.
Alzyoud, A. A. (2017). The predictors of career success. International Review of Management and Marketing. 7(2): 22-26.
Arthur, M. B., Khapova, S. N., & Wilderom, C. P. (2005). Career success in a boundaryless career world. Journal of Organizational Behavior. (26): 177-202.
Bandura, A. (1994). Self-efficacy. In V. S. Ramachaudran (Ed.), Encyclopedia of human behavior (Vol. 4, pp. 71-81). San Diago: Academic Press.
Bhowon, U. (2013). Role salience, work-family conflict and satisfaction of dual-earner couples. Journal of Business Studies Quarterly. 5(2): 78-90.
Boudreau, J. W., & Boswell, W. R. (2001). Effects of personality on executive career success in the United Stated and Europe. Journal of Vocational Behavior. 58: 53-81.
Business dictionary. (2017). Human capital [On-line]. Available: http://www.businessdictionary.com/ definition/human-capital.html
Butt, M., Hu , B., Shafi, K., & Malik, B. H. (2015). The negative relationship between work family conflict and career satisfaction and the role of individual differences. International Journal of Academic Research in
Business and Social Sciences. 5(8): 102-113.
Chen, Y.-N. K. (2011). Social capital, human capital, and career success in public relations in Taiwan. Chinese Journal of Communication. 1-26.
Chu, F., Ye, L., & Guo, M. (2015). Research on the evaluation indicators of skilled employees’ career success based on grounded theory. Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management. 8(2): 554-566.
Chuawanlee, W. (1999). Perceived self-efficacy. In Srinakharinwirot University, Encylopedia of Education (pp. 29-37). Bangkok: Srinakharinwirot University.
Dai, L., & Song, F. (2016). Subjective career success: A literature review and prospect. Journal of Human Resource and Sustainability Studies. 4: 238-242.
Daut, A., Mohd Mokhtar, S. S., & Pangil, F. (2014). Attainment of capital and competency towards instrinsic career success. Journal of Emerging Economies and Islamic Research. 2(1): 1-13.
Day, R., & Allen, T. D. (2004). The relationship between career motivation and self-efficacy with protege career success. Journal of Vocational Behavior. 64: 72-91.
Dries, N., Pepermans, R., & Carlier, O. (2008). Career success: Constructing a multidimensional model. Journal of Vocational Behavior. 73: 254-267.
Dubick, R. A., Mcnerney, R. B., & Potts, B. K. (1996). Career success and student satisfaction: A study of computer science cooperative education graduates. Journal of Cooperative Education. 32(1): 66-74.
Dyke, L., & Duxbury, L. (2011). The implications of subjective career success. Zeitschrift fur Arbeitsmarkt Forschung (ZAF). 43: 219-229.
Fleming , J., & Eames, C. (2005). Student learning in relation to the structure of the cooperative experience. Asia-Pacific Journal of Cooperative Education. 6(2): 26-31.
Fulei, C., Long, Y., & Ming, G. (2014). From career completency to skilled employees’ career success in China: The moderating effects of perceived organizational support. Pakistan Journal of Statistics. 30(5): 737-750.
Gault, J., Redington, J., & Schlager, T. (2000). Undergraduate business internships and career success: Are they related? Journal of Marketing Education. 22(1): 45-53.
Greenhaus, J. H., Collins, K. M., & Shaw, J. D. (2003). The relation between work-family balance and quality of life. Journal of Vocational Behavior. 63: 510-531.
Guo, W., Xiao, H., & Yang, X. (2012). An empirical research on the correlation between human capital and career success of knowledge workers in enterprise. Physics Procedia. 715-725.
Hirschi, A., & Jaensch, V. K. (2015). Narcissism and career success: Occupational self-efficacy and career engagement as mediators. Personality and Individual Differences. 77: 205-208.
Johnson, C. D., & Eby, L. T. (2011). Evaluating career success on African American males: It’s what you know and who you are that matters. Journal of Vocational Behavior. 79: 699-709.
Judge, T. A., Cable, D. M., Boudreau, J. W., & Bretz, R. D. (1994). An empirical investigation of the predictors of executive career success. Working Paper Series. 1-39.
Lehmann, L. (2014). Autonomy and work-life balance and their effects on job. Utrecht: Utrecht University.
Lent, R. W., Brown, S. D., & Hackett, G. (2002). Social cognitive career theory. In D. A. Brown, Career choice and development (4ed., pp. 255-311). San francisco, CA: John Wiley & Sons.
Liu, J.-Y., Yang, J.-P., Yang, y., & Liu, Y.-h. (2015). The relationships among perceived organizational support, intention to remain, career success and self-esteem in Chinese male nurses. International Journal of Nursing Sciences. 2(4): 389-393.
Luapong, P. (2012). The Competency Development of Human Resource (In Thai). Executive journal. 32(4): 103-108.
Lyons, S. T., Schweitzer, L., & Ng, E. S. (2015). Resilience in the modern career. Career Development International. 20(4): 363-383.
Mulhall, S. (2011). CSI: Career Success Investigation. Irish Journal of Management. 30(2): 67-93.
Ng, T. W., Eby, L. T., Sorensen, K. L., & Feldman, D. C. (2005). Predictors of objective and subjective career success: A mata-analysis. Personnel Psychology. 58: 367-408.
Orser, B., & Leck, J. (2010). Gender influences on career success outcomes. Gender in Management: An International Journal. 25(5): 386-407.
Pinkesorn, K., Kittisaknawin, C., & Kongklai, C. (2017). Human capital: Corporate human capital scorecard (in Thai). Journal of graduate studies Valaya Alongkorn Rajabhat University. 11(2): 193-202.
Poon, J. M., Briscoe, J. P., Absul-Ghani, R., & Jones, E. A. (2015). Maening and determinant of career success: A Malaysian perspective. Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology. 21-29.
Rani, S., Kamalanabhanb, & Selvarania. (2011). Work/life balance reflections on employee satisfaction. Serbian Journal of Management. 6(1): 85 - 96.
Rasdi, M. R., Ismail, M., & Garavan, T. N. (2011). Predicting Malaysian managers’ objective and subjective career success. The International Journal of Human Resource Management. 1-22.
Rigotti, T., Schyns, B., & Mohr, G. (2008). A Short Version of the Occupational Self-Efficacy Scale: Structural and Construct Validity Across Five Countries. Journal of Career Assessment. 16(2): 238–255.
Riordan, S., & Louw-Potgieter, J. (2011). Career success of women academics in South Africa. South African Journal of Psychology. 41(2): 157-172.
Rubio, D. M., Primax, B. A., Switzer, G. E., Bryce, C. L., Selzer, D. L., & Kapoor, W. N. (2011). A comprehensive career-success model for Physician-Scientist. Academic Medicine: Journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges. 86(12): 1574-1576.
Sandberg, S. L. (1985). Analysis of selected variables related to participation in cooperative education by vocational office occupations program completers in Michigan for the years 1978 through 1981 [On-line]. Available: https://search. proquest.com/docview/303347526
Sherer, M., Muddux, J. E., Mercandante, B., Frentice-Dunn, S., Jacobs, B., & Rogers, R. W. (1982). The selfefficacy scale: Construction and Validation. Psychological Reports. 51: 663-671.
Shockley, K. M., Ureksoy, H., Rodopman, O. B., Poteat, L. F., & Dullaghan, T. R. (2015). Development of a new scale to measure subjective career success: A mixed-methods study. Journal of Organizational Behavior. 1-27.
Sonnenfeld, J., & Kotter, J. P. (1982). The maturation of career theory. Human Relations. 35(1): 19-46.
Spurk, D., & Abele, A. E. (2011). Who earns more and why? A multiple mediation model from personality to salary. Journal of Business and Psychology. 26: 87-103.
Spurk, D., & Abele, A. E. (2014). Synchronous and time-lagged effects between occupational self-efficacy and objective and subjective career success: Findings from a four-wave and 9-year longitudinal study. Journal of Vocational Behavior. 84: 119-132.
Srisa-an, W., Suebkha, P., Pitiyanuwat, S., Yamnoon, S., Polnigongit, W., Ruksasuk, N., Sirijeerachai, G., Wichitsathian, B., Siriyothin, P., Sookkumnerd, T., Teekachunhatean, T., & Yimnirun, R. (2014). The body of knowledge of cooperative education (In Thai). Thai Journal of Cooperative Education. 2(1): 1-85.
Stumpf, S. A., & Tymon Jr., W. G. (2012). The effects of objective career success on subsequent subjective career success. Journal of Vocational Behavior. 81: 343-353.
Sultana, R., Yousaf, A., Khan, I., & Saeed, A. (2016). Probing the interactive effects of career commitment and emotional intelligence on perceived objective/subjective career success. Personnel Review. 45(4): 724-742.
Suranaree University of Technology [SUT]. (1996). Annual Report 1995 (In Thai & English). Nakhon Ratchasima: Planning Division, SUT.
Suranaree University of Technology [SUT]. (2013a). Suranaree University of Technology’s Cooperative Education Development (In Thai). Nakhon Ratchasima: The Center for Cooperative Education and Career Development, SUT.
Suranaree Univesity of Technology [SUT]. (2013b). Self assessment report, Academic year 2012 (In Thai). Nakhon Ratchasima: The Center for Cooperative Education and Career Development, SUT.
Suranaree University of Technology [SUT]. (2014). Self assessment report, Academic year 2013 (In Thai). Nakhon Ratchasima: The Center for Cooperative Education and Career Development, SUT.
Suranaree University of Technology [SUT]. (2015). Self assessment report, Academic year 2014 (In Thai). Nakhon Ratchasima: The Center for Cooperative Education and Career Development, SUT.
Suranaree University of Technology [SUT]. (2016). Self assessment report, Academic year 2015 (In Thai). Nakhon Ratchasima: The Center for Cooperative Education and Career Development, SUT.
Suranaree University of Technology [SUT]. (2017, June 22). Suranaree University of Technology’s Graduates, batch 1 to 20 (In Thai). Nakhon Ratchasima: The Center for Educational Services, SUT.
Tasdelen-Karckay, A., & Bakalim, O. (2017). The mediating effect of work-life balance on the relationship between work-family conflict and life satisfaction. Australian Journal of Career Development. 26(1): 3-13.
Thomsen, P. J. L. (1997). The Relationship between work experience during college and subsequent employment in high-technology firms [On-line]. Available: https://search.proquest.com/ pqdtglobal/ docview/304323964/9B7A9809DF4547FEPQ/1?accountid=28756.
Thudam, P. (2014). Career advancement model for woman civil servants in Thai public organization. (In Thai). Songkha: Prince of Songkha University.
Thurairajah, K. (2013). Work family conflict and its impact on career and relation to gender. European Journal of Business and Management. 5(30): 1-12.
Vickers, N. W. (1990). A comparison of the starting pay of cooperative education graduates with that of non-cooperative education graduates [On-line]. Available: https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext /ED349455.pdf
Volmer, J., & Spurk, D. (2011). Protean and boundaryless career attitudes: relationships with subjective and objective career success. Zeitschrift fur Arbeitsmarkt Forschung (ZAF). 43: 207-218.
Yu, C. (2011). Chiese knowledge employees’ career values, perceived organizational support and career success. iBusiness. 3: 274-282.
Zhou, W., Sun, J., Guan, Y., Li, Y., & Pan, J. (2012). Criteria of career success among Chinese employee: Developing a multidimensional scale with qualitative and quantitative approaches. Journal of Career Assessment. 21(2): 265-277.
Abu, A.-M., Roziah, S., Rasdi, M., Abu, B., Abu, S., Silong, D., & Sulaiman, S. (2015). A career success model for academics at Malaysian Research Universities. European Journal of Training and Development. 39: 1-28.
Agha, K., Azmi, F., & Irfan, A. (2017). Work-life balance and job satisfaction: An empirical study focusing on Higher Education Teachers in Oman. International Journal of Social Science and Humanity. 7(3): 164-171.
Ahmed, H. (2014). Examine the relationship between work family conflict and its impact on job satisfaction leading to turnover. IOSR Journal of Business and Management. 16(7): 73-78.
Al-Balam, N. M., & Raza, S. A. (2009). Impact of family responsibilities on career success among employees working in the semi-government sector in the state of Qatar. International Journal Arab Culture, Management and Sustainable Development. 1(2): 208-223.
Allen, T. D., Herst, D. L., Bruck, C. S., & Sutton, M. (2000). Consequences associated with work-to-family conflict: A review and agenda for future research. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology. 5(2): 278-309.
Alzyoud, A. A. (2017). The predictors of career success. International Review of Management and Marketing. 7(2): 22-26.
Arthur, M. B., Khapova, S. N., & Wilderom, C. P. (2005). Career success in a boundaryless career world. Journal of Organizational Behavior. (26): 177-202.
Bandura, A. (1994). Self-efficacy. In V. S. Ramachaudran (Ed.), Encyclopedia of human behavior (Vol. 4, pp. 71-81). San Diago: Academic Press.
Bhowon, U. (2013). Role salience, work-family conflict and satisfaction of dual-earner couples. Journal of Business Studies Quarterly. 5(2): 78-90.
Boudreau, J. W., & Boswell, W. R. (2001). Effects of personality on executive career success in the United Stated and Europe. Journal of Vocational Behavior. 58: 53-81.
Business dictionary. (2017). Human capital [On-line]. Available: http://www.businessdictionary.com/ definition/human-capital.html
Butt, M., Hu , B., Shafi, K., & Malik, B. H. (2015). The negative relationship between work family conflict and career satisfaction and the role of individual differences. International Journal of Academic Research in
Business and Social Sciences. 5(8): 102-113.
Chen, Y.-N. K. (2011). Social capital, human capital, and career success in public relations in Taiwan. Chinese Journal of Communication. 1-26.
Chu, F., Ye, L., & Guo, M. (2015). Research on the evaluation indicators of skilled employees’ career success based on grounded theory. Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management. 8(2): 554-566.
Chuawanlee, W. (1999). Perceived self-efficacy. In Srinakharinwirot University, Encylopedia of Education (pp. 29-37). Bangkok: Srinakharinwirot University.
Dai, L., & Song, F. (2016). Subjective career success: A literature review and prospect. Journal of Human Resource and Sustainability Studies. 4: 238-242.
Daut, A., Mohd Mokhtar, S. S., & Pangil, F. (2014). Attainment of capital and competency towards instrinsic career success. Journal of Emerging Economies and Islamic Research. 2(1): 1-13.
Day, R., & Allen, T. D. (2004). The relationship between career motivation and self-efficacy with protege career success. Journal of Vocational Behavior. 64: 72-91.
Dries, N., Pepermans, R., & Carlier, O. (2008). Career success: Constructing a multidimensional model. Journal of Vocational Behavior. 73: 254-267.
Dubick, R. A., Mcnerney, R. B., & Potts, B. K. (1996). Career success and student satisfaction: A study of computer science cooperative education graduates. Journal of Cooperative Education. 32(1): 66-74.
Dyke, L., & Duxbury, L. (2011). The implications of subjective career success. Zeitschrift fur Arbeitsmarkt Forschung (ZAF). 43: 219-229.
Fleming , J., & Eames, C. (2005). Student learning in relation to the structure of the cooperative experience. Asia-Pacific Journal of Cooperative Education. 6(2): 26-31.
Fulei, C., Long, Y., & Ming, G. (2014). From career completency to skilled employees’ career success in China: The moderating effects of perceived organizational support. Pakistan Journal of Statistics. 30(5): 737-750.
Gault, J., Redington, J., & Schlager, T. (2000). Undergraduate business internships and career success: Are they related? Journal of Marketing Education. 22(1): 45-53.
Greenhaus, J. H., Collins, K. M., & Shaw, J. D. (2003). The relation between work-family balance and quality of life. Journal of Vocational Behavior. 63: 510-531.
Guo, W., Xiao, H., & Yang, X. (2012). An empirical research on the correlation between human capital and career success of knowledge workers in enterprise. Physics Procedia. 715-725.
Hirschi, A., & Jaensch, V. K. (2015). Narcissism and career success: Occupational self-efficacy and career engagement as mediators. Personality and Individual Differences. 77: 205-208.
Johnson, C. D., & Eby, L. T. (2011). Evaluating career success on African American males: It’s what you know and who you are that matters. Journal of Vocational Behavior. 79: 699-709.
Judge, T. A., Cable, D. M., Boudreau, J. W., & Bretz, R. D. (1994). An empirical investigation of the predictors of executive career success. Working Paper Series. 1-39.
Lehmann, L. (2014). Autonomy and work-life balance and their effects on job. Utrecht: Utrecht University.
Lent, R. W., Brown, S. D., & Hackett, G. (2002). Social cognitive career theory. In D. A. Brown, Career choice and development (4ed., pp. 255-311). San francisco, CA: John Wiley & Sons.
Liu, J.-Y., Yang, J.-P., Yang, y., & Liu, Y.-h. (2015). The relationships among perceived organizational support, intention to remain, career success and self-esteem in Chinese male nurses. International Journal of Nursing Sciences. 2(4): 389-393.
Luapong, P. (2012). The Competency Development of Human Resource (In Thai). Executive journal. 32(4): 103-108.
Lyons, S. T., Schweitzer, L., & Ng, E. S. (2015). Resilience in the modern career. Career Development International. 20(4): 363-383.
Mulhall, S. (2011). CSI: Career Success Investigation. Irish Journal of Management. 30(2): 67-93.
Ng, T. W., Eby, L. T., Sorensen, K. L., & Feldman, D. C. (2005). Predictors of objective and subjective career success: A mata-analysis. Personnel Psychology. 58: 367-408.
Orser, B., & Leck, J. (2010). Gender influences on career success outcomes. Gender in Management: An International Journal. 25(5): 386-407.
Pinkesorn, K., Kittisaknawin, C., & Kongklai, C. (2017). Human capital: Corporate human capital scorecard (in Thai). Journal of graduate studies Valaya Alongkorn Rajabhat University. 11(2): 193-202.
Poon, J. M., Briscoe, J. P., Absul-Ghani, R., & Jones, E. A. (2015). Maening and determinant of career success: A Malaysian perspective. Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology. 21-29.
Rani, S., Kamalanabhanb, & Selvarania. (2011). Work/life balance reflections on employee satisfaction. Serbian Journal of Management. 6(1): 85 - 96.
Rasdi, M. R., Ismail, M., & Garavan, T. N. (2011). Predicting Malaysian managers’ objective and subjective career success. The International Journal of Human Resource Management. 1-22.
Rigotti, T., Schyns, B., & Mohr, G. (2008). A Short Version of the Occupational Self-Efficacy Scale: Structural and Construct Validity Across Five Countries. Journal of Career Assessment. 16(2): 238–255.
Riordan, S., & Louw-Potgieter, J. (2011). Career success of women academics in South Africa. South African Journal of Psychology. 41(2): 157-172.
Rubio, D. M., Primax, B. A., Switzer, G. E., Bryce, C. L., Selzer, D. L., & Kapoor, W. N. (2011). A comprehensive career-success model for Physician-Scientist. Academic Medicine: Journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges. 86(12): 1574-1576.
Sandberg, S. L. (1985). Analysis of selected variables related to participation in cooperative education by vocational office occupations program completers in Michigan for the years 1978 through 1981 [On-line]. Available: https://search. proquest.com/docview/303347526
Sherer, M., Muddux, J. E., Mercandante, B., Frentice-Dunn, S., Jacobs, B., & Rogers, R. W. (1982). The selfefficacy scale: Construction and Validation. Psychological Reports. 51: 663-671.
Shockley, K. M., Ureksoy, H., Rodopman, O. B., Poteat, L. F., & Dullaghan, T. R. (2015). Development of a new scale to measure subjective career success: A mixed-methods study. Journal of Organizational Behavior. 1-27.
Sonnenfeld, J., & Kotter, J. P. (1982). The maturation of career theory. Human Relations. 35(1): 19-46.
Spurk, D., & Abele, A. E. (2011). Who earns more and why? A multiple mediation model from personality to salary. Journal of Business and Psychology. 26: 87-103.
Spurk, D., & Abele, A. E. (2014). Synchronous and time-lagged effects between occupational self-efficacy and objective and subjective career success: Findings from a four-wave and 9-year longitudinal study. Journal of Vocational Behavior. 84: 119-132.
Srisa-an, W., Suebkha, P., Pitiyanuwat, S., Yamnoon, S., Polnigongit, W., Ruksasuk, N., Sirijeerachai, G., Wichitsathian, B., Siriyothin, P., Sookkumnerd, T., Teekachunhatean, T., & Yimnirun, R. (2014). The body of knowledge of cooperative education (In Thai). Thai Journal of Cooperative Education. 2(1): 1-85.
Stumpf, S. A., & Tymon Jr., W. G. (2012). The effects of objective career success on subsequent subjective career success. Journal of Vocational Behavior. 81: 343-353.
Sultana, R., Yousaf, A., Khan, I., & Saeed, A. (2016). Probing the interactive effects of career commitment and emotional intelligence on perceived objective/subjective career success. Personnel Review. 45(4): 724-742.
Suranaree University of Technology [SUT]. (1996). Annual Report 1995 (In Thai & English). Nakhon Ratchasima: Planning Division, SUT.
Suranaree University of Technology [SUT]. (2013a). Suranaree University of Technology’s Cooperative Education Development (In Thai). Nakhon Ratchasima: The Center for Cooperative Education and Career Development, SUT.
Suranaree Univesity of Technology [SUT]. (2013b). Self assessment report, Academic year 2012 (In Thai). Nakhon Ratchasima: The Center for Cooperative Education and Career Development, SUT.
Suranaree University of Technology [SUT]. (2014). Self assessment report, Academic year 2013 (In Thai). Nakhon Ratchasima: The Center for Cooperative Education and Career Development, SUT.
Suranaree University of Technology [SUT]. (2015). Self assessment report, Academic year 2014 (In Thai). Nakhon Ratchasima: The Center for Cooperative Education and Career Development, SUT.
Suranaree University of Technology [SUT]. (2016). Self assessment report, Academic year 2015 (In Thai). Nakhon Ratchasima: The Center for Cooperative Education and Career Development, SUT.
Suranaree University of Technology [SUT]. (2017, June 22). Suranaree University of Technology’s Graduates, batch 1 to 20 (In Thai). Nakhon Ratchasima: The Center for Educational Services, SUT.
Tasdelen-Karckay, A., & Bakalim, O. (2017). The mediating effect of work-life balance on the relationship between work-family conflict and life satisfaction. Australian Journal of Career Development. 26(1): 3-13.
Thomsen, P. J. L. (1997). The Relationship between work experience during college and subsequent employment in high-technology firms [On-line]. Available: https://search.proquest.com/ pqdtglobal/ docview/304323964/9B7A9809DF4547FEPQ/1?accountid=28756.
Thudam, P. (2014). Career advancement model for woman civil servants in Thai public organization. (In Thai). Songkha: Prince of Songkha University.
Thurairajah, K. (2013). Work family conflict and its impact on career and relation to gender. European Journal of Business and Management. 5(30): 1-12.
Vickers, N. W. (1990). A comparison of the starting pay of cooperative education graduates with that of non-cooperative education graduates [On-line]. Available: https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext /ED349455.pdf
Volmer, J., & Spurk, D. (2011). Protean and boundaryless career attitudes: relationships with subjective and objective career success. Zeitschrift fur Arbeitsmarkt Forschung (ZAF). 43: 207-218.
Yu, C. (2011). Chiese knowledge employees’ career values, perceived organizational support and career success. iBusiness. 3: 274-282.
Zhou, W., Sun, J., Guan, Y., Li, Y., & Pan, J. (2012). Criteria of career success among Chinese employee: Developing a multidimensional scale with qualitative and quantitative approaches. Journal of Career Assessment. 21(2): 265-277.