A Policy Study on Supporting Safe Motorcycle Travel in Urban Areas

Abstract

Background and Objectives: In Thailand, road safety has become a pressing issue due to a notable increase in fatalities and injuries from road accidents, with the country ranking 9th globally in road traffic deaths in 2018. Among the various vehicles involved in accidents, motorcycles are identified as the primary contributors to both accidents and fatalities.

Methodology: This study employs content analysis to explore and evaluate policy options aimed at mitigating the risks associated with motorcycle use in Bangkok. By systematically examining existing policies and safety measures, the study seeks to identify effective strategies to enhance motorcyclist safety and reduce the incidence of road traffic injuries and deaths. There are five policy variables adopted in this study including: 1) planning, design, and management of road users, 2) coordination of safety agencies, 3) safety-related legislation, 4) funding for resource allocation, and 5) road safety promotion during inspection monitoring and evaluation. The data were gathered through a survey questionnaire which focused on stakeholders from 25 agencies. The measurement of variables was conducted using the average scores across three levels of importance: low, moderate, and high, for which statistical significance testing was performed.

Main results: The findings indicate that most agencies adhere to the set policies at a moderate to high level. However, when examining the five modes of transportation, which comprise bicycling/walking, motorcycling, car use, public transportation, and para transportation, it was found that the importance scores for motorcycling, bicycling/walking, and semi-public transportation were lower than those for cars and public transportation. This disparity highlights a policy gap, particularly in addressing road safety for vulnerable groups, such as motorcyclists and pedestrians. Furthermore, the current remedial measures do not align with the actual problems faced. Thus, it is imperative to provide recommendations that address these road safety gaps to ensure equity and relevance to the needs of all road users

Discussion: Addressing road safety requires the integration of the Safe System Approach and the development of collaborative frameworks among relevant agencies. The Safe System Approach focuses on designing and managing road systems to be safe for all users, acknowledging that human error is inevitable. This approach is particularly vital for high-risk groups, such as motorcyclists. Implementing safe infrastructure design (e.g., dedicated motorcycle lanes, barrier installations, and appropriate speed limits, etc.) significantly reduces the likelihood and severity of accidents. Dedicated lanes for motorcyclists minimize the risk of collisions with other vehicles, while barriers help prevent encroachments and limit the impact of crashes. Proper speed limits are crucial for controlling vehicle speeds and providing adequate reaction time, thereby enhancing overall road safety.

Conclusion: Furthermore, fostering cooperation among agencies allows motorcyclists to be involved in developing safety measures, ensuring that their needs and perspectives are integrated into effective policies. Promoting a culture of safe riding through education and awareness is also essential. Additionally, promoting safe riding culture and education is crucial in influencing behavioral changes among riders, ultimately enhancing road safety standards and sustainably reducing motorcycle-related accidents.