The development of instructional model based on Brain Based Learning and cooperative learning to enhance reading and Writing skills of 1st grade students

Abstract

The objectives of this research were 1) to develop and determine the quality of the Instructional Model based on brain based learning and cooperative learning to enhance reading and writing skills of 1^st grade students. 2) to study the effectiveness of the Instructional Model based on brain based learning and cooperative learning to enhance reading and writing skills., and 3) to evaluate satisfaction with participating in learning activities using the Instructional Model based on brain based learning and cooperative learning to enhance reading and writing skills. A sample group consisted of 26 students in 1^st grade, 2^nd semester, academic year 2023, in a school under a local government organization in Trang Province. The research method is Research and Development (R&D), Pre-Experimental Design with a single group pretest-posttest methodology. Data analysis was conducted using arithmetic mean (x̅), standard deviation (S.D.), and t-test (dependent).

   The results showed that: 1. The developed instructional model consisted of six elements 1) principles, 2) objectives, 3) Learning Packages, 4) measurement and evaluation, 5) success factors, and 6) process of instruction as follows: Stage 1) Preparation: P1, Stage 2) Providing the Knowledge: P2, Stage 3) Practicing: P3, Stage 4) Knowledge checking: K1, Stage 5) Knowledge applying: K2, and Stage 6) Knowledge summarizing: K3. The developed instructional model was at the high level of appropriateness (x̅ = 4.34, S.D. = 0.62), named 3P3K Model.  2. The results of the study of Instructional Model effectiveness showed that the average scores in reading and writing after studying were higher than before studying. Statistically significant at the .05 level. The results of the assessment of reading and writing ability after studying were higher than before studying. The ability to read before studying was at a fair level (x̅ = 20.51) and after studying was at an excellent level (x̅ = 32.33), and the ability to write before studying was at an improved level (x̅ = 9.58) and after Studying at a very good level (x̅ = 15.88).  3. The results of the evaluation of students' satisfaction with participating in activities according to the Instructional Model based on brain based learning and cooperative learning to enhance reading and writing skills, overall was at a high level (x̅ = 4.27, S.D. = 0.77). The highest-rated aspect was that teachers organized learning activities allowing students to work together at the highest level (x̅ = 4.59, S.D. = 0.56), followed by students enjoying the learning process and actively participating in the activities, also at the highest level (x̅ = 4.56, S.D. = 0.66)