Instructional Management Based on the Principle of Bhāvanā 4 for Upper Secondary School Students

Abstract

This academic article entitled "Instructional Management Based on the Principle of Bhāvanā 4 for Upper Secondary School Students" presents a holistic approach to learner development in the era of globalization and digitalization, where society is facing a crisis of imbalance due to an emphasis on material progress while neglecting the development of mind and morality, resulting in youth experiencing mental health problems, stress, and lack of life skills, while the Thai education system remains fixated on rote learning and academic achievement alone. This article presents the integration of the principle of Bhāvanā 4 from Theravada Buddhism, which consists of Kāyabhāvanā (physical development and sense restraint), Sīlabhāvanā (development of behavior and social responsibility), Cittabhāvanā (development of mind to have quality, capability, and good mental health), and Paññābhāvanā (development of wisdom through Cintāmayapaññā, Sutamayapaññā, and Bhāvanāmayapaññā), applied to instructional management for upper secondary school students, taking into account the digital context and developmental characteristics of learners at this age, to develop learners who are complete in body, mind, morality, and wisdom, capable of living happily, being responsible to themselves and society, and ready to face the changes of the future world, which aligns with the concept of social-emotional learning in modern education.