The Evolution of Thai Governmental Perspectives on Autism person Reflected Through Laws Between 1960 and 2017

Abstract

This article aims to explore the laws related to the rights of autistic individuals in Thailand from 1960 to 2017. It also analyzes the evolution of the Thai state's conceptualization of autistic individuals during this period, utilizing the frameworks of subalternity and the installation of political thought. Employing a qualitative methodology, this research adopts a document analysis approach, incorporating content analysis and descriptive explanations within an analytical narrative. The primary data comprises laws pertaining to the rights of disabled individuals.

The findings categorize these laws into three main groups: those concerning the protection of rights and freedoms, those providing assistance and support, and those addressing rights violations. The evolution of the Thai state's perspective on autistic individuals is segmented into three eras: the initial era (1960-1996), the flourishing era (1997-2007), and the era of struggle (2008-2017). This study highlights that laws related to the rights of autistic individuals, as well as other disabilities, continue to face enforcement challenges due to the state and authorities' inadequate understanding of the diversity and differences in autism conditions. Associating autism with intellectual disability has led to the suppression of autistic individuals' dignity and humanity, positioning them as a subaltern group within society. Consequently, the state and authorities are urged to gain a proper understanding of autism, revise laws and policies to ensure the comprehensive exercise of rights and create new interpretations that honor the dignity and humanity of autistic individuals.