Examining The Impact of The Covid-19 Pandemic on The Economic Performance of The Tourism Industry in Southeast Asia: A Review of The Literature

บทคัดย่อ

The ongoing Covid-19 pandemic has dominated most facets of life. It is safe to assume that no economy has escaped the effects of the pandemic. Given the wide scope of the effects and the available research, this paper examined the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the economic performance of the tourism industry in Southeast Asia. This paper focused on four key aspects: the government response and its effects on both amplifying and mitigating the damage caused by the pandemic on the tourism industry, the tourism industry’s response to the pandemic through pricing and marketing strategies, the effect of risk perception on people’s intention to travel, and the economic performance of the tourism industry in Southeast Asia. This paper found that government policy both negatively and positively affected the tourism industry as it tried to balance public safety and economic necessities. In addition, public fear and uncertainty negatively influenced international travel numbers. The study also found that the tourism industry became more flexible and aimed at covering operational costs. Finally, the economic impact of the pandemic on the tourism industry in Southeast Asia was devastating both in terms of reduced GDP and increases in unemployment.