Awareness, Affect and Application to Ethics, Personal Mastery, and Entrepreneurial Opportunity
Article Sidebar
Published:
May 12, 2018
Main Article Content
Abstract
This paper considers the nexus between the environment, self and reality, and the influence upon ethics, entrepreneurial opportunity, and sustainability. It is postulated that perception and interpretation by individuals creates meaning and that this is regulated by self identity and corresponding levels of awareness. A model of awareness and identity is presented where it is further argued that our ethics, perceptions of opportunity, and views of sustainability are a product upon what level of awareness we are anchored. Finally, this paper postulates that new paradigms of ethics are required to create a sustainable society and that individuals must achieve humility and personal mastery in order to be a creative and effective entrepreneur and leader who will be concerned about ethics and sustainability this century.
Article Details
Section
Academic Article
References
[1]. Pascale, R. T. (1978). Zen and the art of management. Harvard Business Review, 6 (2), 153-162.
[2]. Spinelli, E. (2007). Practicing Existential Psychotherapy: The relational World. London : Sage Publications.
[3]. When a person stares too hard or takes the environment too literally, much meaning will be lost, i.e., analysis is one-dimensional perception.
[4]. Klein, M. (1975). Envy and Gratitude and other works 1946-1963. London : Hogarth Press.
[5]. Young, G. E. ; Klosko, J. S. & Weishaar, M. E. (2003). Schema Therapy: A practitioner’s Guide. New York & London : The Guildford Press.
[6]. Smetham, G. (2011). The Grand Designer: Discovering the Quantum Mind Matrix of the Universe. Brighton, England : Shunyata Press.
[7]. Dawkins, R. (2006). The God Delusion. London : Black Swan.
[8]. Hawking, S. & Mlodinow. (2010). The Grand Design. London : Bantam Books.
[9]. Bohn, J. D. (1983). Wholeness and the Implacable Order. London : Routledge & Kegan Paul.
[9]. Chase-Dunn & C. Lerro, B. (2004). Social Change and Evolution. Indianapolis : Pearson Education.
[10]. Lovelock, J. (1979). GAIA: A New look at Life on Earth. Oxford : Oxford University Press.
[11]. Berger, P. & Luckman, T. (1966). The Social Construction of Reality: A Treatise in the Sociology of Knowledge. Harmondsworth, Middlesex : Penguin.
[12]. Goleman, D. (2006). Social Intelligence: The revolutionary science of human relationships. New York : Bantam Press.
[13]. Teilhard de Chardin, P. (1955). The Phenomenon of Man. New York : The Cloister Library, Harper & Row Publishers.
[14]. Harris, T. A. (1967). I’m OK - You’re OK. New York : Avon Books.
[15]. Hattie, J. (1992). Self Concept. Hillsdale, New Jersey : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.
[16]. Reed, S. K. (2007). Cognition: Theory and Applications. 7th Edition. Belmont, CA : Thomson-Wadsworth.
[17]. Jawer, M. A. & Micozzi, M. S. (2009). The Spiritual Anatomy of Emotion: How feelings link the brain, body, and the Sixth Sense. Rochester, Vermont : Park Street Press.
[18]. Miller, V. R. & Miller, R. P. (1983). Principles of Philosophy. Dordrecht : Reidel.
[19]. Lotte, R. (1925). The Monadology. London : Oxford University Press.
[20]. McGinn, C. (1989). Can We Solve the Mind-Body Problem?. Mind, 98 (391), 349-366.
[21]. Nagel, T. (1979). Mortal Questions. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.
[22]. Trefil, J. S. (1997). One hundred and one things you don’t know about science and no one else does either. Boston : Mariner Books.
[23]. Frankl, V. (2006). Man’s search for meaning. Boston : Beacon Press.
[24]. Becker, E. (1972). The Birth and Death of meaning: An interdisciplinary perspective on the problem of man. 2nd Edition. New York : Free Press.
[25]. Polanyi, M. & Prosch, H. (1975). Meaning. Chicago : The University of Chicago Press.
[26]. Erikson, E. H. (1975). Life History and the Historical Movement. New York : Norton.
[27]. Dennet, D. (2003). Explaining the ‘magic’ of consciousness. Journal of Cultural and Evolutionary Psychology, 1 (1), 7-19.
[28]. Broadbent, D. E. (1958). Perception and Communication. London : Pergamon Press.
[29]. Broadbent, D. E. (1957). A mechanical model for human attention and immediate memory. Psychological review, 64, 205-215.
[30]. Deutsch, J. A. & Deutsch, D. (1963). Attention: Some theoretical considerations. Psychological Review, 70, 80-90.
[30]. Norman, D. A. (1968). Toward a Theory of Memory and Attention. Psychological Review, 75, 522-536.
[31]. Kahneman, D. (1973). Attention and Effort. Englewood Cliffs, NJ : Prentice Hall.
[32]. Pang, J. (1972). Towards a certain “contectualism” II (Foresight & Hindsight) vs. Insight. Philosophia Mathematics, 1-9 (2), 158-167.
[33]. Baron, R. A. & Ward, T. B. (2004). Expanding Entrepreneurial Cognition’s Toolbox: Potential contributions from the field of cognitive science. Entrepreneurship, Theory and Practice, 28 (6), 553-575.
[34]. Baum, L. F. (1999). The Wonderful World of Oz. Lawrence : University of Kansas Press.
[35]. Ucbasaran, D. ; Westhead, P. & Wright, M. (2004). Human capital based determinants of opportunity identification. In: Bygrave, W. ; Brush, D. et al. (Eds.). Frontiers of Entrepreneurial Research. Wellesley, MA : Babson College.
[36]. Although some psychologists recognize that some human motives and behaviours seem to be unlearned, a criteria of an instinct, the term instinct is rarely accepted today in modern psychology because humans have the ability to override these motives and drives.
[37]. Sorokin, P. A. (1942). Man and Society in Calamity. New York : E. P. Dutton & Co.
[38]. Otto, F. (1938). The Drive to Amass Wealth, Psychoanalytic Quarterly, 7, 69-95.
[39]. The attention-seeking (dramatic) typology is manifested when a person is hyperactive, impulsive and dramatically venturesome in their lives. They work tirelessly to impress others, often appearing flamboyant, craving novelty and excitement. Attention-seeking (dramatic) leaders are usually great charmers of people they want to impress. They continually seek positive feedback and admiration of their actions. They are very opinionated on topical issues, but lack substance to support their ideas and will change their position to suit their audience. They have very low self-esteem and rely on others to suppress this. Being at the centre of attention relieves this tension and the insecurity they feel. Consequently it is hard to get along with these people unless one helps to fulfil this craving for attention. These leaders tend to surround themselves with people who will always agree with them.
[40]. Baumeister, R. F. & Leary, M. R. (1995). The need to belong: Desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 117, 497-529.
[41]. Schachter, S. (1958). The Psychology of Affiliation. Stanford : Stanford University Press.
[42]. Hollis, J. (2007). Why good people do bad things, Understanding our darker sides. New York : Penguin Books.
[43]. Drummond, G. (1998). New Theorizing About Organizations: the emergence of narrative and social theory for management. Current Topics for Management, 3 (2), 93-122.
[44]. Man, T. W. Y. & Lau, T. (2005). The context of entrepreneurship in Hong Kong. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 12 (4), 464-481.
[45]. The word ego is a metaphorical concept, which originated in psychotherapy, that describes the phenomenon of emotions and our schemas (schema may also be a metaphorical concept) interacting with our experiences to manifest our disposition towards various types of feeling, thinking, actions, and behaviour.
[46]. A person’s intelligence may prevent them from considering new information on the pretence that they believe they already know what needs to be known. Thus learning, particularly if this new information comes from a non-traditional source is inhibited – “The cup is full”.
[47]. Deacon, T. (1997). The Symbolic Species. London : Penguin Press.
[48]. Haynes, S. G. ; McMichael, A. J. & Tyroler, H. A. (1978). Survival after early and normal retirement. Journal of Gerontology, 33 (2), 269-278.
[49]. Maslow, A. H. (1987). Motivation and Personality. 3rd Edition. New York : Harper & Row.
[49]. Zohar, D. & Marshall, I. (2004). Spiritual Capital: Wealth We Can Live By. London : Bloomsbury.
[50]. Moss, R. (2007). The Mandela of Being: Discovering the Power of Awareness. Novato, CA : New World Library.
[51]. Vedral, V. (2010). Decoding Reality: The Universe as Quantum Information. Oxford : Oxford University Press.
[52]. Batros, J. (2011). The relational Group World: An Existential Leap, Paper presented to the OD Professionals Conference 2011, Stories from the Field, Working with Groups. 16th September 2011. Melbourne Convention Centre, Melbourne.
[53]. Strawson, G. (1999). The Sense of the Self, In: Crabbe, M. J. C. (Editor). From Soul to Self. London : Routledge.
[54]. Hunter, M. (2011). Opportunity, Strategy & Entrepreneurship: A Meta-Theory, Vol. 1. New York : Nova Scientific.
[55]. Langer, E. J. & Moldoveanu, M. (2000). The construct of mindfulness. Journal of Social Issues, 56 (1), 1-9.
[56]. Corbett, A. C. & McMullen, J. S. (2007), Perceiving and Shaping New Venture Opportunities through Mindful Practice. In: Zacharakis, A. & Spinelli, S. (Eds.). Entrepreneurship: The Engine of Growth, Volume 2, Process. Westport CN : Praeger Perspectives.
[57]. Langer, E. J. (1997). The Power of Mindful Learning. Reading, MA : Addison Wesley.
[58]. Satir, V. (1972). Peoplemaking. Palo Alto : Science & Behaviour Books, Inc.
[59]. Batchelor, S. (2010). Confession of a Buddhist Atheist. New York : Spiegel & Grau Paperback.
[60]. Bardwick. J. M. (1995). Danger in the Comfort Zone: From the Boardroom to the Mailroom – How to Break the Entitlement Habit That’s Killing American business. New York : American Management Association.
[61]. Kotter, J. (2008). A Sense of Urgency. Boston : Harvard Business Press.
[62]. Eccles, J. C. (1992). Evolution of Consciousness. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of Amercia, 89 (16), 7320-7324.
[63]. Baars, B. J. A. (1993). Cognitive Theory of Consciousness. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.
[64]. Burke, T. P. (2004). The Major Religions. 2nd Edition. Malden, MA : Blackwell Publishing.
[65]. Rosenblum, B. & Kuttner, F. (2011). Quantum Enigma: Physics Encounters Consciousness. 2nd Edition. New York : Oxford University Press.
[66]. There are also a number of other influences upon our ethics. Our state of knowledge restricts our level of ethics. For example if we are not aware of ethical occupational health and safety ethics, we cannot practice them. We are also influenced by our cultural norms within society, operating with set value frameworks. This is reinforced by what our peers do. Attitude, intent, and motivation also play key roles in ethics, which are influenced by the level of our self awareness. Consequently ethical behavior will be situational.
[67]. Sharma, R. (1997). The Monk Who Sold His Ferrari: A Fable about Fulfilling Your Dreams and reaching Your Destiny. New York : HarperCollins.
[68]. Hardin, G. (1993). Living within Limits: Economics, and Population Taboos. New York : Oxford University press.
[69]. Kochmer, C. (2011). A Personal Tao. Olympia, WA : Amberjack Software LLC.
[70]. Bajrektarevic, A. H. (2008). From Rio to Johannesburg: Diplomacy of Sustainable Development. 25th November 2008. Institute of Diplomacy and Foreign Relations Malaysia (IDFR), Kuala Lumpur.
[71]. The comments and arguments put by Dr. Anis Bajrektarevic at a public lecture at Universiti Malaysia Perlis on 27th November 2008.
[72]. Goswami, A. (1995). The Self Aware Universe. New York : Penguin Putman.
[73]. Hunter, M. (2011). Opportunity, Strategy & Entrepreneurship: A Meta-Theory, Vol. 1. New York : Nova Scientific.
[74]. Stapp, H. P. (2011). Mind, Matter and Quantum Mechanics. 3rd Edition. Berlin : Springer.
[75]. Jung, C. G. (1981). The Archetypes and the Collective Unconscious, Vol. 9. Princeton, NJ : Princeton University Press.
[76]. Pryde, P. R. (1991). Environmental Management in the Soviet Union. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.
[77]. Harvey, D. (2010). The Enigma of Capital: and crises of capitalism. London : Profile Books.
[77]. King, S. D. (2010). Losing Control: The Emerging Threats to Western Prosperity. New Haven & London : Yale University Press.
[78]. Beck, U. (1992). From Industrial Society to Risk Society, In: Featherstone, M. (Ed.). Cultural Theory and Cultural Change. London : Sage.
[79]. Lovelock, J. (1979). GAIA: A New look at Life on Earth. Oxford : Oxford University Press.
[80]. Gare, A. (1998). MacIntyre, Narratives, and Environmental Ethics. Environmental Ethics, 20, 21.
[81]. Schumpeter, J. (1942). Capitalism, Socialism, and Democracy. New York : McGraw-Hill.
[82]. Lovelock, J. (1979). GAIA: A New look at Life on Earth. Oxford : Oxford University Press.
[83]. Lovelock, J. (1979). GAIA: A New look at Life on Earth. Oxford : Oxford University Press.
[84]. Kao, R. W. Y. (2001). Entrepreneurship and Enterprise Development in Asia. Upper Saddle River, NJ : Prentice Hall.
[85]. Carroll, G. & Mosakowski, E. (1987). The career dynamics of self employment. Administrative Science Quarterly, 32 (4), 570-589.
[86]. Hunter, M. (2011). Opportunity, Strategy & Entrepreneurship: A Meta-Theory, Vol. 2. New York : Nova Scientific.
[87]. Man, T. W. Y. ; Lau, T. & Chan, K. F. (2002). The competitiveness of small and medium form enterprises: A conceptualization with focus on entrepreneurial competencies. Journal of Business Venturing, 17, 123-142.
[88]. Senge, P. M. (2006). The Fifth Discipline: The Art & Practice of The Learning Organization. Revised Edition. London : Random House.
[89]. Ibid. P. 136.
[90]. Smith, B. & Morse, E. (2005). Entrepreneurial Competencies: Literature Review and Best Practices. Ottawa : Small Business Policy Branch, Industry Canada.
[91]. Egan, G. (1986). The Skilled Helper: A systematic approach to effective helping. 3rd Edition. Monterey, CA : Brooks/Cole Publishing Company.
[92]. Rothwell, D. J. (2010). In the company of others: An introduction to communication. New York : Oxford University press.
[93]. Boatright, J. R. (2007). Ethics and the Conduct of Business. 5th Edition. UpperSaddle River, New Jersey : Pearson Prentice-Hall.
[2]. Spinelli, E. (2007). Practicing Existential Psychotherapy: The relational World. London : Sage Publications.
[3]. When a person stares too hard or takes the environment too literally, much meaning will be lost, i.e., analysis is one-dimensional perception.
[4]. Klein, M. (1975). Envy and Gratitude and other works 1946-1963. London : Hogarth Press.
[5]. Young, G. E. ; Klosko, J. S. & Weishaar, M. E. (2003). Schema Therapy: A practitioner’s Guide. New York & London : The Guildford Press.
[6]. Smetham, G. (2011). The Grand Designer: Discovering the Quantum Mind Matrix of the Universe. Brighton, England : Shunyata Press.
[7]. Dawkins, R. (2006). The God Delusion. London : Black Swan.
[8]. Hawking, S. & Mlodinow. (2010). The Grand Design. London : Bantam Books.
[9]. Bohn, J. D. (1983). Wholeness and the Implacable Order. London : Routledge & Kegan Paul.
[9]. Chase-Dunn & C. Lerro, B. (2004). Social Change and Evolution. Indianapolis : Pearson Education.
[10]. Lovelock, J. (1979). GAIA: A New look at Life on Earth. Oxford : Oxford University Press.
[11]. Berger, P. & Luckman, T. (1966). The Social Construction of Reality: A Treatise in the Sociology of Knowledge. Harmondsworth, Middlesex : Penguin.
[12]. Goleman, D. (2006). Social Intelligence: The revolutionary science of human relationships. New York : Bantam Press.
[13]. Teilhard de Chardin, P. (1955). The Phenomenon of Man. New York : The Cloister Library, Harper & Row Publishers.
[14]. Harris, T. A. (1967). I’m OK - You’re OK. New York : Avon Books.
[15]. Hattie, J. (1992). Self Concept. Hillsdale, New Jersey : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.
[16]. Reed, S. K. (2007). Cognition: Theory and Applications. 7th Edition. Belmont, CA : Thomson-Wadsworth.
[17]. Jawer, M. A. & Micozzi, M. S. (2009). The Spiritual Anatomy of Emotion: How feelings link the brain, body, and the Sixth Sense. Rochester, Vermont : Park Street Press.
[18]. Miller, V. R. & Miller, R. P. (1983). Principles of Philosophy. Dordrecht : Reidel.
[19]. Lotte, R. (1925). The Monadology. London : Oxford University Press.
[20]. McGinn, C. (1989). Can We Solve the Mind-Body Problem?. Mind, 98 (391), 349-366.
[21]. Nagel, T. (1979). Mortal Questions. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.
[22]. Trefil, J. S. (1997). One hundred and one things you don’t know about science and no one else does either. Boston : Mariner Books.
[23]. Frankl, V. (2006). Man’s search for meaning. Boston : Beacon Press.
[24]. Becker, E. (1972). The Birth and Death of meaning: An interdisciplinary perspective on the problem of man. 2nd Edition. New York : Free Press.
[25]. Polanyi, M. & Prosch, H. (1975). Meaning. Chicago : The University of Chicago Press.
[26]. Erikson, E. H. (1975). Life History and the Historical Movement. New York : Norton.
[27]. Dennet, D. (2003). Explaining the ‘magic’ of consciousness. Journal of Cultural and Evolutionary Psychology, 1 (1), 7-19.
[28]. Broadbent, D. E. (1958). Perception and Communication. London : Pergamon Press.
[29]. Broadbent, D. E. (1957). A mechanical model for human attention and immediate memory. Psychological review, 64, 205-215.
[30]. Deutsch, J. A. & Deutsch, D. (1963). Attention: Some theoretical considerations. Psychological Review, 70, 80-90.
[30]. Norman, D. A. (1968). Toward a Theory of Memory and Attention. Psychological Review, 75, 522-536.
[31]. Kahneman, D. (1973). Attention and Effort. Englewood Cliffs, NJ : Prentice Hall.
[32]. Pang, J. (1972). Towards a certain “contectualism” II (Foresight & Hindsight) vs. Insight. Philosophia Mathematics, 1-9 (2), 158-167.
[33]. Baron, R. A. & Ward, T. B. (2004). Expanding Entrepreneurial Cognition’s Toolbox: Potential contributions from the field of cognitive science. Entrepreneurship, Theory and Practice, 28 (6), 553-575.
[34]. Baum, L. F. (1999). The Wonderful World of Oz. Lawrence : University of Kansas Press.
[35]. Ucbasaran, D. ; Westhead, P. & Wright, M. (2004). Human capital based determinants of opportunity identification. In: Bygrave, W. ; Brush, D. et al. (Eds.). Frontiers of Entrepreneurial Research. Wellesley, MA : Babson College.
[36]. Although some psychologists recognize that some human motives and behaviours seem to be unlearned, a criteria of an instinct, the term instinct is rarely accepted today in modern psychology because humans have the ability to override these motives and drives.
[37]. Sorokin, P. A. (1942). Man and Society in Calamity. New York : E. P. Dutton & Co.
[38]. Otto, F. (1938). The Drive to Amass Wealth, Psychoanalytic Quarterly, 7, 69-95.
[39]. The attention-seeking (dramatic) typology is manifested when a person is hyperactive, impulsive and dramatically venturesome in their lives. They work tirelessly to impress others, often appearing flamboyant, craving novelty and excitement. Attention-seeking (dramatic) leaders are usually great charmers of people they want to impress. They continually seek positive feedback and admiration of their actions. They are very opinionated on topical issues, but lack substance to support their ideas and will change their position to suit their audience. They have very low self-esteem and rely on others to suppress this. Being at the centre of attention relieves this tension and the insecurity they feel. Consequently it is hard to get along with these people unless one helps to fulfil this craving for attention. These leaders tend to surround themselves with people who will always agree with them.
[40]. Baumeister, R. F. & Leary, M. R. (1995). The need to belong: Desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 117, 497-529.
[41]. Schachter, S. (1958). The Psychology of Affiliation. Stanford : Stanford University Press.
[42]. Hollis, J. (2007). Why good people do bad things, Understanding our darker sides. New York : Penguin Books.
[43]. Drummond, G. (1998). New Theorizing About Organizations: the emergence of narrative and social theory for management. Current Topics for Management, 3 (2), 93-122.
[44]. Man, T. W. Y. & Lau, T. (2005). The context of entrepreneurship in Hong Kong. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 12 (4), 464-481.
[45]. The word ego is a metaphorical concept, which originated in psychotherapy, that describes the phenomenon of emotions and our schemas (schema may also be a metaphorical concept) interacting with our experiences to manifest our disposition towards various types of feeling, thinking, actions, and behaviour.
[46]. A person’s intelligence may prevent them from considering new information on the pretence that they believe they already know what needs to be known. Thus learning, particularly if this new information comes from a non-traditional source is inhibited – “The cup is full”.
[47]. Deacon, T. (1997). The Symbolic Species. London : Penguin Press.
[48]. Haynes, S. G. ; McMichael, A. J. & Tyroler, H. A. (1978). Survival after early and normal retirement. Journal of Gerontology, 33 (2), 269-278.
[49]. Maslow, A. H. (1987). Motivation and Personality. 3rd Edition. New York : Harper & Row.
[49]. Zohar, D. & Marshall, I. (2004). Spiritual Capital: Wealth We Can Live By. London : Bloomsbury.
[50]. Moss, R. (2007). The Mandela of Being: Discovering the Power of Awareness. Novato, CA : New World Library.
[51]. Vedral, V. (2010). Decoding Reality: The Universe as Quantum Information. Oxford : Oxford University Press.
[52]. Batros, J. (2011). The relational Group World: An Existential Leap, Paper presented to the OD Professionals Conference 2011, Stories from the Field, Working with Groups. 16th September 2011. Melbourne Convention Centre, Melbourne.
[53]. Strawson, G. (1999). The Sense of the Self, In: Crabbe, M. J. C. (Editor). From Soul to Self. London : Routledge.
[54]. Hunter, M. (2011). Opportunity, Strategy & Entrepreneurship: A Meta-Theory, Vol. 1. New York : Nova Scientific.
[55]. Langer, E. J. & Moldoveanu, M. (2000). The construct of mindfulness. Journal of Social Issues, 56 (1), 1-9.
[56]. Corbett, A. C. & McMullen, J. S. (2007), Perceiving and Shaping New Venture Opportunities through Mindful Practice. In: Zacharakis, A. & Spinelli, S. (Eds.). Entrepreneurship: The Engine of Growth, Volume 2, Process. Westport CN : Praeger Perspectives.
[57]. Langer, E. J. (1997). The Power of Mindful Learning. Reading, MA : Addison Wesley.
[58]. Satir, V. (1972). Peoplemaking. Palo Alto : Science & Behaviour Books, Inc.
[59]. Batchelor, S. (2010). Confession of a Buddhist Atheist. New York : Spiegel & Grau Paperback.
[60]. Bardwick. J. M. (1995). Danger in the Comfort Zone: From the Boardroom to the Mailroom – How to Break the Entitlement Habit That’s Killing American business. New York : American Management Association.
[61]. Kotter, J. (2008). A Sense of Urgency. Boston : Harvard Business Press.
[62]. Eccles, J. C. (1992). Evolution of Consciousness. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of Amercia, 89 (16), 7320-7324.
[63]. Baars, B. J. A. (1993). Cognitive Theory of Consciousness. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.
[64]. Burke, T. P. (2004). The Major Religions. 2nd Edition. Malden, MA : Blackwell Publishing.
[65]. Rosenblum, B. & Kuttner, F. (2011). Quantum Enigma: Physics Encounters Consciousness. 2nd Edition. New York : Oxford University Press.
[66]. There are also a number of other influences upon our ethics. Our state of knowledge restricts our level of ethics. For example if we are not aware of ethical occupational health and safety ethics, we cannot practice them. We are also influenced by our cultural norms within society, operating with set value frameworks. This is reinforced by what our peers do. Attitude, intent, and motivation also play key roles in ethics, which are influenced by the level of our self awareness. Consequently ethical behavior will be situational.
[67]. Sharma, R. (1997). The Monk Who Sold His Ferrari: A Fable about Fulfilling Your Dreams and reaching Your Destiny. New York : HarperCollins.
[68]. Hardin, G. (1993). Living within Limits: Economics, and Population Taboos. New York : Oxford University press.
[69]. Kochmer, C. (2011). A Personal Tao. Olympia, WA : Amberjack Software LLC.
[70]. Bajrektarevic, A. H. (2008). From Rio to Johannesburg: Diplomacy of Sustainable Development. 25th November 2008. Institute of Diplomacy and Foreign Relations Malaysia (IDFR), Kuala Lumpur.
[71]. The comments and arguments put by Dr. Anis Bajrektarevic at a public lecture at Universiti Malaysia Perlis on 27th November 2008.
[72]. Goswami, A. (1995). The Self Aware Universe. New York : Penguin Putman.
[73]. Hunter, M. (2011). Opportunity, Strategy & Entrepreneurship: A Meta-Theory, Vol. 1. New York : Nova Scientific.
[74]. Stapp, H. P. (2011). Mind, Matter and Quantum Mechanics. 3rd Edition. Berlin : Springer.
[75]. Jung, C. G. (1981). The Archetypes and the Collective Unconscious, Vol. 9. Princeton, NJ : Princeton University Press.
[76]. Pryde, P. R. (1991). Environmental Management in the Soviet Union. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.
[77]. Harvey, D. (2010). The Enigma of Capital: and crises of capitalism. London : Profile Books.
[77]. King, S. D. (2010). Losing Control: The Emerging Threats to Western Prosperity. New Haven & London : Yale University Press.
[78]. Beck, U. (1992). From Industrial Society to Risk Society, In: Featherstone, M. (Ed.). Cultural Theory and Cultural Change. London : Sage.
[79]. Lovelock, J. (1979). GAIA: A New look at Life on Earth. Oxford : Oxford University Press.
[80]. Gare, A. (1998). MacIntyre, Narratives, and Environmental Ethics. Environmental Ethics, 20, 21.
[81]. Schumpeter, J. (1942). Capitalism, Socialism, and Democracy. New York : McGraw-Hill.
[82]. Lovelock, J. (1979). GAIA: A New look at Life on Earth. Oxford : Oxford University Press.
[83]. Lovelock, J. (1979). GAIA: A New look at Life on Earth. Oxford : Oxford University Press.
[84]. Kao, R. W. Y. (2001). Entrepreneurship and Enterprise Development in Asia. Upper Saddle River, NJ : Prentice Hall.
[85]. Carroll, G. & Mosakowski, E. (1987). The career dynamics of self employment. Administrative Science Quarterly, 32 (4), 570-589.
[86]. Hunter, M. (2011). Opportunity, Strategy & Entrepreneurship: A Meta-Theory, Vol. 2. New York : Nova Scientific.
[87]. Man, T. W. Y. ; Lau, T. & Chan, K. F. (2002). The competitiveness of small and medium form enterprises: A conceptualization with focus on entrepreneurial competencies. Journal of Business Venturing, 17, 123-142.
[88]. Senge, P. M. (2006). The Fifth Discipline: The Art & Practice of The Learning Organization. Revised Edition. London : Random House.
[89]. Ibid. P. 136.
[90]. Smith, B. & Morse, E. (2005). Entrepreneurial Competencies: Literature Review and Best Practices. Ottawa : Small Business Policy Branch, Industry Canada.
[91]. Egan, G. (1986). The Skilled Helper: A systematic approach to effective helping. 3rd Edition. Monterey, CA : Brooks/Cole Publishing Company.
[92]. Rothwell, D. J. (2010). In the company of others: An introduction to communication. New York : Oxford University press.
[93]. Boatright, J. R. (2007). Ethics and the Conduct of Business. 5th Edition. UpperSaddle River, New Jersey : Pearson Prentice-Hall.