Global Smart City Governance: A Synthesis of Success Factors

Abstract

Abstract

         This research study examines Global Smart City Governance: A Synthesis of Success Factors with the following objectives: 1) to investigate the success of global smart city governance through case studies, and 2) to synthesize the factors contributing to successful smart city governance at the global level.

         The research methodology employed documentary research, utilizing data from the International Institute for Management Development's IMD Smart City Index 2023 rankings. The study focused specifically on two cities: Zurich, Switzerland, and Oslo, Norway, which were ranked first and second respectively as global smart cities. Data analysis employed qualitative methods including typology and taxonomy classification, and content analysis.

         Research Findings were: 1) Zurich's Smart City Model: Zurich envisions creating a comprehensive city that provides optimal opportunities for citizens across all dimensions, leveraging digital transformation to enhance social, environmental, and economic value. The city's executive committee establishes strategic direction and policies. The operational mechanism emphasizes collaborative work through task forces, initiatives, and pilot projects. Key strategic priorities include pursuing the "2000-Watt Society" goal and implementing technology and innovation initiatives such as the ZüriMobil platform for comprehensive travel planning and ticketing across all transportation modes, and digital twin modeling for urban management. Oslo's Smart City Model: Oslo's vision positions itself as the world's most sustainable smart city, with a dedicated smart city governance committee responsible for strategic oversight. The strategy encompasses six key areas, including digital infrastructure development and green technology innovation. Technology and innovation implementations include AI-powered intelligent traffic systems, smart waste management systems, real-time City Data Platform, and AI-based anomaly detection systems. 2) Critical success factors for Zurich are socio-economic value creation vision, long-term strategic integration, decentralized and collaborative governance, and strong innovation ecosystem. Critical success factors for Oslo are sustainability-driven vision, centralized and participatory Governance, data-driven Approach, and formalized citizen engagement mechanism. The analysis reveals several common elements contributing to both cities' success. First, both cities demonstrate comprehensive and balanced visions that extend beyond mere technological implementation to encompass environmental, social, and quality-of-life dimensions for citizens. Second, both cities prioritize citizen participation through digital platforms, recognizing the importance of inclusive governance. Third, both cities have established innovation ecosystems that foster collaboration with private sector entities, startups, and educational institutions to drive continuous innovation in smart city development.