The process of promoting health of the elderly using the principles of Vipassana meditation

Abstract

This research article aims to: (1) examine the physical and mental well-being of the elderly and the processes for enhancing such well-being, (2) study the Vipassanā meditation as a means to promote physical and mental health among the elderly, and (3) present a practical framework for fostering holistic well-being through Vipassanā practice. This qualitative research employed in-depth interviews with 15 elderly practitioners at Wat Phichaya Yatikaram in Bangkok.

The findings revealed a profound interconnection between physical and mental well-being. Balanced development in both aspects significantly contributes to a sustainable quality of life. Good health, in this context, emerges from mindfulness, acceptance of life’s conditions, and effective coping mechanisms—whether through self-reliance or support from others. Vipassanā meditation was found to be a highly effective means of enhancing the holistic well-being of elderly individuals across 4 dimensions: physical, mental, social, and spiritual. Practitioners reported improved stress management, emotional stability, strengthened family relationships, and a renewed senses of meaning and purpose in life. Regular mindfulness practice, though simple, proved to be a powerful and sustainable tool for daily living. The process of enhancing well-being through Vipassanā is rooted in the Fourfold Training called Bhāvanā: 1) Kāyabhāvanā or Physical development: training of breath awareness and mindful movement, 2) Sīlabhāvanā or Moral cultivation: living ethically and harmoniously with others, 3) Cittabhāvanā or Mental cultivation: developing concentration and loving-kindness to reduce distraction and loneliness, 4) Paññābhāvanā or Wisdom development: contemplating impermanence and gaining deep insight into the nature of life and self. This training led to improvements in sleep quality, reduction in chronic pain, emotional resilience, and a positive attitude toward aging, illness, and death. In conclusion, Vipassanā meditation provides an effective and culturally appropriate model for promoting holistic well-being among the elderly in the Thai context—at individual, family, and community levels.