Australia Plain Packaging Policy: International Dispute: A Case Study for Thailand" Part II
Keywords:
Australian Plain Packaging Policy, international arbitration, public policy, international obligation, dispute settlement mechanism under ISDS, international tradeAbstract
In recent years, Australian Plain Packaging Policy case has been one of the most interesting disputes in the history which kept the world in high anticipation over the results from the international arbitration under ISDS mechanism. Furthermore, the voice of healthcare activists who side public interest was well supported around the world. Many countries were prepared to enact Plain Packaging law, however the issue of a threat being placed on public interest policy via international obligation under dispute settlement mechanism was raised by several international organizations which led to problems such as time-consuming and financial loss.
In December 2015, the tribunal has reached their final verdict, passing an award in favour of Australian government over Phillip Morris international. Despite the fact that Australia had earned its victory, the substantive issue of the legality of plain packaging policy was left unresolved. The dismissal on procedural ground resulting in ambiguity and uncertainty. However, it is essential for the readers to understand the fact of the case, the circumstances in international trade environment, the pros and cons of the international arbitrations and the analysis of consequences after the dispute. In sum, for the purpose of future challenges that may occur, the Australian Plain Packaging Policy case study has proved a valuable lesson for Thailand.
References
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Taglioli, D. (2012). Australia High Court upholds tobacco plain-package law. 5 October 2012, Available from: URL : http://jurist.org/paperchase/2012/10/australia-high-court-upholds-tobacco-plain-package-law.php
Tobacco in Australia Facts & Issues A comprehensive online resource. Available from : URL: http://www.tobaccoinaustralia.org.au/
Tobacco Reporter, (2016) ISDS provision still dogs trade deal Available from : URL: http://www.tobaccoreporter.com/2016/03/isds-provision-still-dogs-trade-deal/
The British Psychological Society. (2015). Is packaging the plain and simple answer? Available from: URL: https://thepsychologist.bps.org.uk/volume-28/march-2015/packaging-plain-and-simple-answer
The Department of Health, Australian Government. (2014) Introduction of Tobacco Plain Packaging in Australia. Available from: URL : http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/content/tobacco-plain
The Department of Health, Australian Government. (2015) Evaluation of Tobacco Plain Packaging in Australia. Available from: URL: http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/content/tobacco-plain-packaging-evaluation
The Guardian. (2014). Study finds cigarette smokers in Australia now support plain packaging, 17 November 2014, Available from: URL: http://www.theguardian.com/science/sifting-the-evidence/2014/nov/17/study-finds-cigarette-smokers-in-australia-now-support-plain-packaging
The Guardian. (2016). France votes for plain cigarette packaging from 2016, Available from:
URL: http://www.theguardian.com/society/2015/dec/18/france-votes-for-plain-cigarette-packaging-from-2016
The Irish Times. (2015). Plain packaging for cigarettes signed into law in Ireland, 21 October 2015, WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control FCTC. (2015). Ireland becomes the second country in the world to introduce plain packaging. Available from: URL: http://www.who.int/fctc/implementation/news/news_ire/en/
The West Australian. (2015). Tobacco giant sues Australia, 28 July 2015 Available from: URL: https://au.news.yahoo.com/thewest/a/29064155/tobacco-giant-sues-australia/
World Health Organization, Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Geneva. (2014). Global Status Report: Alcohol Policy
World Health Organization. (2012). WHO welcomes landmark decision from Australia’s High Court on tobacco plain p
ASH Action on Smoking & Health. (2015). Australian Court Approves Tobacco Pack Logo Ban. Available from: URL: http://ash.org/australian-court-approves-tobacco-pack-logo-ban/
Australian Government. (n.d.). Tobacco plain packaging-investor-state arbitration, Available from: URL: www.ag.gov.au/tobaccoplainpackaging
Australian Government. (2010). Taking Preventative Action A response to Australia: The Healthiest Country by 2020
Babor, T.et al. (2010). Alcohol: No Ordinary Commodity. Research and Public Policy. Oxford University Press.
BBC. (2012). Australia cigarette plain packaging law upheld by court, 15 August 2012, Available from: URL: http//www.bbc.com/news/business-19264245 Available from: URL: http://www.irishtimes.com/news/health/plain-packaging-for- cigarettes-signed-into-law-in-ireland-1.2134138
Bangkok Post. (2015). Thailand leads Asia in reducing drinking & alcohol, 23 July 2015, Available from: URL: http://www.bangkokpost.com/learning/learning-from-news/632604/thailand-leads-asia-in-reducing-drinking-alcohol-with-videos
Craig Welch, Tobacco Plain Packaging Legislation, JURIST – Professional Commentary, Jan 15, 2016 http://jurist.org/hotline/2016/01/craig-welch-tobacco-plain-packaging.php
Courtney Wilson, Australian adolescent smoking rates drop to record low; cigarette pricing, plain packaging, public education praised, 28 Jan 2016 http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-01-28/adolescent-smoking-rates-at-record-low/7119532
Dan Taglioli. (2012). Australia High Court upholds tobacco plain-package law, JURIST organization, University of Pittsburgh School of law. Available from: URL: http://jurist.org/paperchase/2012/10/australia-high-court-upholds-tobacco-plain- package-law.php
Clinical Research and Imaging Centre, University of Bristol. (2014). Olivia Maynard awarded prestigious prize for impact on policy. Available from: URL: http://www.bristol.ac.uk/cricbristol/news/2014/31.html
High Court of Australia, Judgement No. S409/2011, Available from: URL: http://www.hcourt.gov.au/cases/case-s389/2011
Ita.law. (n.d.). Philip Morris Asia Limited v. The Commonwealth of Australia, UNCITRAL, PCA Case No. 2012-12, Available from: URL : http://www.italaw.com/cases/851
IPSOS. (2013). Drinking to the Future Trends in the Spirits Industry. Available from: URL: http://www.ipsos.com/sites/ipsos.com/files/Drinking-to-the-Future-Trends-in-the-Spirits-Industry.pdf
Khan, U., Pallot, R., Taylor, D. and Kanavos, P. (2015). The Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership: international trade law, health system and public health, London School of Economics and Political Science and Modus Europe report.
Matthew Rimmer. (2013). Cigarettes will kill you: The High Court of Australia & plain packaging of tobacco products, WIPO Magazine, Available from: URL: http://www.wipo.int/wipo_magazine/en/2013/01/article_0005.html
Michelle Scollo, Kerri Coomber, Meghan Zacher, Melanie Wakefield. (2015) Research Paper. Did smokers shift from small mixed businesses to discount outlets following the introduction of plain packaging in Australai? A national cross-sectional survey. British Medical Journal, Volume 24, Issue Suppl 2
Moodie C, Stead M, Bauld L, McNeill A, Angus K, Hinds K, et al. Plain Tobacco Packaging: A Systematic Review. 2012.
National Library of Australia. (2014). Important changes to the sale of tobacco products in Australia: Available from: URL: http://webarchive.nla.gov.au/gov/20140211193938/http://www.yourhealth.gov.au/internet/yourhealth/publishing.nsf/content/ictstpa
Parliament of Australia. (2014). Australia’s WTO plain cigarette packaging case: an update, 8 July 2014, Available from: URL: http://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/Parliamentary_Departments/Parliamentary_Library/FlagPost/2014/July/WTO_plain_cigarette_packaging_case
P&S Market Research Global Partner in Research. (2015). Global Alcoholic Drinks Market is Expected to Exceed $ 1.2 Trillion in 2015 Available from: URL: https://www.psmarketresearch.com/press-release/alcoholic-drinks-market
Public Health Association Australia. (2013). Public Health Association of Australia: Policy-at-a-glance- Alcohol Policy.
Public Health Law Center. (n.d.). Tobacco Control Legal Consortium, Available from: URL : http://publichealthlawcenter.org/
Reuters. (2015). Australia wins court challenge to tobacco plain packaging, 17 Dec 2015 Available from: http://www.reuters.com/article/australia-tobacco-packaging-idUSL3N14716920151218
Statista. (2015). Statistics and facts about the alcoholic beverages industry in the U.S. Available from: URL : http://www.statista.com/topics/1709/alcoholic-beverages/
Taglioli, D. (2012). Australia High Court upholds tobacco plain-package law. 5 October 2012, Available from: URL : http://jurist.org/paperchase/2012/10/australia-high-court-upholds-tobacco-plain-package-law.php
Tobacco in Australia Facts & Issues A comprehensive online resource. Available from : URL: http://www.tobaccoinaustralia.org.au/
Tobacco Reporter, (2016) ISDS provision still dogs trade deal Available from : URL: http://www.tobaccoreporter.com/2016/03/isds-provision-still-dogs-trade-deal/
The British Psychological Society. (2015). Is packaging the plain and simple answer? Available from: URL: https://thepsychologist.bps.org.uk/volume-28/march-2015/packaging-plain-and-simple-answer
The Department of Health, Australian Government. (2014) Introduction of Tobacco Plain Packaging in Australia. Available from: URL : http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/content/tobacco-plain
The Department of Health, Australian Government. (2015) Evaluation of Tobacco Plain Packaging in Australia. Available from: URL: http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/content/tobacco-plain-packaging-evaluation
The Guardian. (2014). Study finds cigarette smokers in Australia now support plain packaging, 17 November 2014, Available from: URL: http://www.theguardian.com/science/sifting-the-evidence/2014/nov/17/study-finds-cigarette-smokers-in-australia-now-support-plain-packaging
The Guardian. (2016). France votes for plain cigarette packaging from 2016, Available from:
URL: http://www.theguardian.com/society/2015/dec/18/france-votes-for-plain-cigarette-packaging-from-2016
The Irish Times. (2015). Plain packaging for cigarettes signed into law in Ireland, 21 October 2015, WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control FCTC. (2015). Ireland becomes the second country in the world to introduce plain packaging. Available from: URL: http://www.who.int/fctc/implementation/news/news_ire/en/
The West Australian. (2015). Tobacco giant sues Australia, 28 July 2015 Available from: URL: https://au.news.yahoo.com/thewest/a/29064155/tobacco-giant-sues-australia/
World Health Organization, Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Geneva. (2014). Global Status Report: Alcohol Policy
World Health Organization. (2012). WHO welcomes landmark decision from Australia’s High Court on tobacco plain p
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Published
2015-01-11
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เอกอัคร น. (2015). Australia Plain Packaging Policy: International Dispute: A Case Study for Thailand" Part II. Public Health Policy and Laws Journal, 2(1), 118–136. Retrieved from https://so05.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/journal_law/article/view/162390
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