Cixi’s Diplomacy: Relations between Empress Dowager Cixi and Foreigners after the Boxer Movement
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Abstract
This research article investigates the factors affecting the negative image of Empress Dowager Cixi in Western media and her diplomatic strategies for improving relations with foreigners after the Boxer Movement. By employing the historical method to analyse relevant sources, it found that her negative image stemmed from the suppression of the reform program in 1898 and her explicit support for the Boxer Movement in 1900. To improve her image and relations with Western powers, Cixi pursued a series of diplomatic initiatives through the granting of audiences to the diplomatic corps, the fostering of relations with diplomatic wives, and the use of portraiture as political and diplomatic tools.
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References
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