The Educational Program Improvement for Innovation and Entrepreneurship Model in Private Vocational Colleges in Chongqing, The People’s Republic of China
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This study investigated the current situation, influencing factors, and model development for innovation and entrepreneurship education (I&E) in private vocational colleges in Chongqing. Employing an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design, the research collected quantitative data from 384 students across four institutions and qualitative insights from 13 experts and educational personnel. The findings revealed that although students overall perceived the I&E framework positively (mean = 3.81), significant disparities remained across several dimensions. Innovation and entrepreneurship capabilities, advanced business execution skills, access to innovation funding, and participation in innovation and entrepreneurship competitions were significantly correlated. Furthermore, regression analysis identified international exchange programs as the most consistent predictor of improved problem-solving abilities, market opportunity identification, and mastery of lean entrepreneurship principles, as these programs provided students with broader exposure to entrepreneurial practices, diverse cultural perspectives, adaptability, and greater awareness of global markets dynamics. Based on these findings, an I&E improvement model comprising five core elements was developed: interdisciplinary curriculum integration, practical learning opportunities, experiential learning, a robust mentorship system, and community engagement. Expert validation confirmed the model’s high scientific rigor, applicability (87.69%), innovativeness (90.00%), and operability (92.31%). This study provides a useful framework for policy and practice to cultivate innovation and entrepreneurship talents and strengthen the innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystem in western China.
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