Development of a Probation Management System for Recidivism Prevention: A Case Study of the Bangkok Metropolitan Area

Abstract

This research aimed to: 1) study the probation management process in Bangkok; 2) examine the problems and obstacles in probation management in Bangkok; and 3) explore guidelines for developing the probation management system to prevent recidivism in Bangkok. The study used a qualitative approach, drawing on documentary research, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions. The participants were key informants, including probation administrators, probation-specialist academics, probation practitioners, and other probation stakeholders. They were selected through purposive sampling. The instrument for collecting data was a semi-structured interview guide. Data were analyzed using content analysis, and the trustworthiness of the findings was verified through triangulation. The research results were as follows; 1) the probation management process consisted of three interlinked dimensions, including probation practices grounded in theoretical frameworks and international standards; the implementation of probation services in accordance with professional standards of practice; and case management through area-based administration and effective resource utilization; 2) the problems and obstacles in probation management constituted five interrelated systemic issues that formed a reinforcing feedback loop, including excessive caseloads, limitations in information technology systems, constraints arising from collaborative networks, limitations in case management, and shortages of resources; and 3) the guidelines for developing the probation management system for recidivism prevention consisted of five strategies to enhance the effectiveness of recidivism prevention, including repositioning probation officers as integrated case managers while allocating organizational resources based on risk levels; enhancing information technology systems and interagency data integration; developing a rehabilitation ecosystem through collaborative partnerships to facilitate social reintegration; introducing management support measures to improve probation effectiveness; and strengthening personnel capacity while improving their quality of work life. The study was based on the Input-Process-Output-Outcome (IPO-O) framework.