Factors Predicting Self-Management Behaviors among Glycemic Uncontrolled Type-2 Diabetes Patients in Tha Mai District, Chanthaburi Province
Keywords:
Self–management; Diabetes Patients; Glycemic LevelAbstract
This cross-sectional descriptive study aimed to examine factors predicting self-management behaviors among patients with type 2 diabetes with poor glycemic control in Tha Mai District, Chanthaburi Province. The sample consisted of 300 patients with type 2 diabetes who had an HbA1c level of ≥7% who were registered and receiving services at three community hospitals. Data were collected using interviews and analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression. The results showed that the respondents demonstrated moderate levels of self-management behaviors and knowledge regarding glycemic control, while outcome expectations, conformity to reference groups, self-efficacy, and social support were at high levels. Factors significantly associated with and predictive of self-management behaviors (P < 0.05) included education, occupation, marital status, self-efficacy, social support, outcome expectations, and conformity to reference groups. These factors jointly explained 37.2% of the variance in self-management behaviors. The findings suggest that programs to promote self-management behaviors among patients should be systematically developed, with an emphasis on strengthening self-efficacy, clearly communicating anticipated health outcomes, fostering the involvement of family members or reference groups, and tailoring guidance to patients’ educational levels, occupations, and social contexts, to enhance the effectiveness of self-management.
References
American Association of Diabetes Educators. (2009). AADE guidelines for the practice of diabetes self- management education and training (DSME/T). The Diabetes Educator, 35(3_suppl): 85S-107S.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228663487_AADE_Guidelines_for_the_Practice_of_Diab etes_Self-Management_EducationTraining_DSMET#fullTextFileContent
Bandura, A. (1989). Social cognitive theory. In R. Vasta (Ed.). Annals of child development, 6,1-60.
Bloom, B. S. (1956). Taxonomy of educational objectives: The classification of educational goals. Handbook I: Cognitive domain. New York: Longmans, Green and Co.
Daniel, W. W., & Cross, C. L. (1999). Determination of Sample Size for Estimating Proportions. Biostatistics: A Foundation for Analysis in the Health Sciences, 8, 189-190.
https://faculty.ksu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/145_stat_-_textbook.pdf
Diabetes Association of Thailand. (2023). Guidelines for the practice of diabetes mellitus 2023. Retrieved July 28, 2024, from https://drive.google.com/file/d/1OAIDiCyGsJYA1-wTAxoOu6yLYL9c7IG/view.
Duangpratoom, N., & Rattanakanahutanon, F. (2019). FACTORS ASSOCIATED TO SELF-CARE BEHAVIORS OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS IN HUAI KHAMIN HEALTH PROMOTING HOSPITAL, DAN CHANG, SUPHAN BURI PROVINCE. Valaya Alongkorn Review Journal, 9(2), 53–67.
https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/var/article/view/213475
Health Systems Research Institute. (2021). Report on the 6th National Health Survey of Thailand, 2019- 2020 (Physical Examination).Retrieved July 30, 2024, from https://online.fliphtml5.com/bcbgj/znee/#p=203.
House, J.S. (1981). Work Stress and Social Support. Retrieved January 17, 2024, from https://pdfcoffee.com/house-1981-work-stress-and-social-support-pdf-free.html
Jan-in, J., Wongsiri, N., Nakkliang, K. & Chusak, T. (2025). FACTORS INFLUENCING HEALTH BEHAVIORS OF PATIENTS WITH UNCONTROLLED DIABETES MELLITUS IN THA DIN DAENG SUB–DISTRICT, PHAK HAI DISTRICT, PHRA NAKHON SRI AYUTTHAYA PROVINCE. Research and Development Health System Journal, 18(1), 177–190. https://doi.org/10.64962/rdhsj.v18i1.2025.273742
Kawitu, K. (2019). Associated factors with blood sugar controlling among the elderly with diabetes, nearby communities of Siam university. Journal of Nursing, Siam University, 20(38), 82–95.
https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/nursingsiamjournal/article/view/154842
Kaewpeng, N., Puangmali, N., Uttaranakorn, P., Tongtummachart, N., & Meesuk, N. (2024). Factors Associated with Blood Sugar Control Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Huai Kapi Subdistrict, Mueang District, Chonburi Province. Journal of the office of disease prevention and control 9 Nakhon Ratchasima, 30(2), 90–103.
https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/ODPC9/article/view/264526
Klungthumnium, K., Wirojratana, V., Jitramontree, N. & Pongthavornkamol, K. (2016). The Relationships Between Illness Representations, Emotional Representation And Self - Care Behaviors In Older Persons With Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes. Journal of The Royal Thai Army Nurses, 17(2), 135- 144.
https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/JRTAN/article/view/66871/54614
Kuntee, A. . (2024). Factor Associated with Blood Sugar Control Behaviors Among the type II Diabetic Patients in Nhong Hee Tambon Health Promoting Hospital, Nhong Hee Sub-district, Plapak District, Nakhon Phanom Province. Academic Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences, 4(1), 18–28.
https://he04.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/AJNHS/article/view/946
Limthin, P., Theerawiwat, M., Imami, N. ., & Pekali, A. . (2023). Factors related to self-management behavior to control blood sugar of patients with type 2 diabetes in Phang Nga Province. Academic Journal for Primary Care and Public Health Development, 1(2), 70–84.
https://he03.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/AJHSD/article/view/1830
Ministry of Public Health. (2023). Illnesses caused by major non-communicable diseases. Retrieved July 30, 2024, from https://hdcservice.moph.go.th/hdc/reports/page.php?cat_id=6a1fdf282fd28180eed7d1cfe0155e11.
Panthu, K. & Maneewong, J. (2016). Factors Predicting Health Promoting Behaviors of the Elderlys with Type 2 Diabetesin the Central Region of Thailand. The Journal of Baromarajonani College of Nusing, Nakhonratchasima, 22(1), 93-107.
https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/Jolbcnm/article/view/63737/52313
Peerawankul, N. (2023). Self–Care Behavior of Type 2 Diabetes Patients at Prankratai Hospital Kamphaeng Phet Province. Journal of Science and Technology Northern, 3(3), 38–55.
https://he03.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/scintc/article/view/1073
Putthong, S. (2018). Predictive factors on the Plasma Glucose Level in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus client : Relative analysis under The theory of planned Behavior In SuratThani Hospital. Region 11 Medical Journal, 31(1), 83–96.
https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/Reg11MedJ/article/view/166572
Schmitt A, Kulzer B, Ehrmann D, Haak T, Hermanns N. (2022). A self-report measure of diabetes self- management for type 1 and type 2 diabetes: the diabetes self-management questionnaire- revised (DSMQ-R)–clinimetric evidence from five studies. Frontiers in Clinical Diabetes and Healthcare, 2, 823046.
https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/clinical-diabetes-and- healthcare/articles/10.3389/fcdhc.2021.823046/full
Sirikutjatuporn, A., Wirojratana, V. & Jitramontree, N. (2017). Factors Predicting Self-Management Behaviour of Elderly Type 2 Diabetes Patients. Journal of Thailand Nursing and Midwifery Council, 32(1), 81–93.
https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/TJONC/article/view/82615
Sukanun, T., Meesuk, N., & Wongsala, A. (2018). Factors Influencing Glycemic Control Behaviors among Patients with Diabetes at Bansuan Tambon Health Promoting Hospital, Meuang District,
Chonburi Province. Journal of Phrapokklao Nursing College, Chanthaburi, 27(1), 93–102.
https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/pnc/article/view/117228
Suphunnakul, P., Sirinual, S., Noin, J., Chayodom, V., & Singhadej, O. (2017). Factors Predicting Self-Care Behaviors Amongthe Elderlywith Type 2Diabetes in Sukhothai province. EAU Heritage Journal Science and Technology (Online), 11(1), 211–223.
https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/EAUHJSci/article/view/74314
Suwanpukdee, S., & Wangwonsin, A. (2021). Factors affecting self-care behavior for delaying the deterioration of chronic kidney disease among type 2 diabetic patients, Plak Raet sub-district, Bang Rakam district, Phitsanulok province. Disease Control Journal, 47(Suppl 1), 655–663. https://doi.org/10.14456/dcj.2021.58
Wongrith, P. (2019). Predicting diabetic self-care management based on the theory of planned behavior among elderly with type 2 diabetes in Thailand. Diabetes Mellitus, 22(4), 367-376.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/336817342_Predicting_diabetic_self- care_management_based_on_the_theory_of_planned_behavior_among_elderly_with_type_2_dia betes_in_Thailand#fullTextFileContent
World Health Organization (WHO). (2019). Classification of Diabetes Mellitus. Retrieved July 28, 2024, from
https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/325182/9789241515702-eng.pdf?sequence.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Disclaimer and Copyright Notice
The content and information presented in articles published in the Journal of Law and Public Health Policy represent the opinions and sole responsibility of the respective authors. The editorial board does not necessarily agree with or assume any responsibility for the views expressed.
All articles, data, content, images, and other materials published in the Journal of Law and Public Health Policy are the intellectual property of the journal. Any individual or organization wishing to reproduce, distribute, or otherwise use the entirety or any part of such materials must provide proper citation.
