Akbar The Great The Co-Existence Perspective in a Plural Society

Abstract

This article examines the administration of the different religions, civilizations, and philosophies within the Mughal Empire during the reign of King Akbar the Great (1542–1605). The study’s goals are to i) understand King Akbar’s life and actions and (ii) understand Akbar’s views on cohabitation in plural societies. The 11 key informants included Thai and Indian scholars with expertise in history, politics, government, society, culture, and multiple society perspectives. Data collection is done through participant observation, in-depth interviews, and documentary research including field notes. The researcher provides a typology and taxonomy of the data in order to carry out an analytical induction and componential analysis. The study also offers an analysis and description of the case. The findings show that King Akbar’s life and ways of life promoted ideas for coexistence in plural societies. With the formation of the “Ibadat Khana” platform for multifaith thinkers and the announcement of the “Deen Ilahi” of assimilation for all people to become one, Akbar’s coexisting attitude and viewpoint in multiple societies foster the peace culture. This approach was supported by academics, but it was related to promoting a culture of peace, which is the basis for cohabitation in plural communities. In order to maintain societal peace, the governor, manager, policy maker, educational institution, and lecturer can make use of Akbar’s perspective of coexistence in plural societies based on the social environment.