Social Risk Factors and Health Literacy Related to Road Risk Behaviors: Mixed Methods Research
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Abstract
The objectives of this paper were to investigate and identify social risk factors associated with road risk behavior and to study causal factors of social risk and health literacy associated with road risk behavior, by using mixed methods research which was done by qualitative and quantitative methods. For the qualitative study, the data were collected by interview and focus group discussion with users and experts who have experience of using road vehicles, and experts who were qualified in behavioral science or psychology. The data were analyzed by using the content analysis technique. For the quantitative study, the data were collected with 1,284 road users in Bangkok and vicinity, then analyzed by using descriptive statistics, path analysis, and analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that social risk associated with road risk behaviors comprised of both individual and environmental factors. The empirical data conformed with the causal risk behavior model by the examination of Chi-square which was 5.61. Moreover, the finding showed that health literacy and driving duration were directly influenced by risk and challenge seeking. These two factors can predict health literacy by 19%. Road risk behavior was directly influenced by health literacy, driving duration, risk and challenge seeking, and modeling of road risk. These four factors can predict road risk behavior by 84%. From the findings of the study, government and other related sectors can support improvement and prevention on individual factors as well as changing policies and environmental risk factors.
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