Academic Service of Higher Education Institutions
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Abstract
This academic article aims to examine the academic service activities of higher education institutions. Five key themes are investigated: (1) the definition of academic service; (2) institutional standards for higher education; (3) types of academic service; (4) components of academic service; and (5) guidelines for delivering academic service. Findings 1. Definition of academic service. It refers to the process by which a university transfers its knowledge, skills, technologies, and experience derived from teaching, research, and innovation to communities, society, government agencies, the private sector, and the public to solve problems and strengthen multiple dimensions, including economic, social, environmental, and cultural. 2. Higher-education institutional standards for academic service. Institutions must disseminate knowledge, technologies, and innovations to communities and the nation, delivering both pro bono and commercial services with high quality and efficiency. 3. Types of academic service are classified into three main categories: Non-profit academic service, Commercial academic service (fee-based), and Pro bono academic service (institution-funded). 4. Components of academic service comprise five elements: Service providers: faculty, researchers, and academic staff; Knowledge content: research outputs, innovations, theories, techniques, and tools; Service processes: training, seminars, consultancy, collaborative research, and e-learning; Service recipients: government agencies, private sectors, communities, professional groups, and the general public; Outcomes and impacts: both qualitative and quantitative results used to refine future services. 5. Guidelines for delivering academic service. Institutions should begin by assessing the needs of target groups, fostering multi-sectoral partnerships, integrating services with core institutional missions, designing systematic service processes, building staff capacity, ensuring service quality, and creating academic value to enhance institutional reputation.
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