Bamboo Fungus (Phallus indusiatus) Cultivation by Using Different Fruit leaves Combine with Climbing Vegetables for Value-Added of Waste in Fruit Orchard

Abstract

Bamboo mushrooms is an edible and medicinal mushroom. The objective of this research was developed using fruit leaves to cultivate  bamboo mushrooms combine with climbing vegetables for value-added of waste in fruit orchard. The experiments were conducted at the faculty of  agricultural  technology, Rambhai Barni Rajabhat University, Chanthaburi Province, from October 2017 to December 2018, with the average temperature at 28 ºc and relative humidity at 85%. The research had 2 experiments,  experiment 1 : study on growth and yield of  bamboo mushroom cultivation by using 3 fruit leaves combine with climbing vegetables, experimental design was 3 x 2 Factorial in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 2 factors. The first factor were 3 types of fruit leaves ; durian longan and lambutan. The second factor were 2 species of climbing vegetables ; bitter guard and sponge gourd for 6 treatments. The results revealed that  bamboo mushroom cultivation by using durian leaves beneath bitter guard had  the shortest time 38.7 days for fruiting initiation after inoculated the bamboo mushroom spawn in beds. But this result showed non-significant difference with  cultivation by using durian leaves beneath sponge gourd hold and lambutan leaves beneath sponge gourd hold which had fruiting initiation for 42 days and 44.7 days respectively. Additionally, the bamboo mushroom cultivation by using durian leaves trend  to had longer fruiting time and the number of fruiting than other treatments. Bamboo mushroom cultivation by using durian leaves beneath bitter gourd hold could harvested fruiting bodies for 12 times and bamboo mushroom cultivation by using durian leaves beneath sponge gourd hold could harvested fruiting for 9 times during 82 days of harvesting time. The using durian leaves beneath bitter gourd hold provided for 14  fruiting bodies which was the highest total number of fruiting bodies per square meter, but showed non-significant difference with the other treatments. The cultivation by using lambutan leaves beneath sponge gourd hold for fruiting body fresh weight, fruiting body dry weight and veil length were the highest to 48.2 g., 2.8 g. and 23.3 cm., respectively.  The cultivation in all treatments for stem length, total yield per square meter, moisture content and protein content had non-significant difference.

            Experiment 2 : study on effect of supplement formula on yield of bamboo mushroom cultivation were investigated. This experiment cultivated bamboo mushrooms by using durian leaves beneath sponge gourd hold had the best result from experiment 1. The experimental design was Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 3 replications. The treatments were bamboo mushroom cultivation with 1) no supplement (control) 2) added rice bran 5% of  durian leaves weight 3) added rice bran 5% + epsom salt (MgSO₄ ) 2 % 4) 5) added rice bran 6% + MgSO₄ 2% + gypsum (CaSO₄2H₂O) 2% + lime 1%.  The results revealed that  bamboo mushrooms cultivation in all treatments were added rice bran to be supplement which had yield significant difference lower than control.