การเคลื่อนไหวของผู้หญิงในประวัติศาสตร์ฟิลิปปินส์ ตั้งแต่ยุคอาณานิคมสเปนถึงการได้รับเอกราช ค.ศ. 1946

Abstract

This paper scrutinizes the history of Filipino women’s movements and analyses the roles and concepts related to their movements found in the history of the Philippines since the Spanish rule until independence in 1946. The methodology of women’s history is employed to demonstrate the social, cultural, political and economic contexts that motivated the movements and defined the concepts of the Filipino women. Also, their movements against the political, social and cultural repressions by the colonial regimes are elucidated. It finds that under the Spanish rule, the women’s movement of Malolos fought for right to education. Those women also joined the men’s movements in fighting for independence from Spain. Under the American colony, Filipino women formed various organizations, associations and clubs for the sakes of facilitating social activities and their voting rights. Each movement, I argue, can clearly show the repressions as well as solutions occurred in each period. Therefore, the history of the Philippines can also be studied through the women’s movements.