The Impact of Transformational Leadership on Employee Performance in the Dietary Supplement Industry in Samut Prakan Province: The Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction
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Abstract
The objectives of this research were: (1) to examine the levels of Transformational Leadership (TL), Job Satisfaction (JS), and Job Performance (JP) among employees in the dietary supplement industry, and (2) the influence of Job Satisfaction (JS) as a mediating variable linking Transformational Leadership (TL) to Job Performance (JP). This study employed a quantitative research approach. Data were collected using questionnaires from 200 employees working in the dietary supplement industry in Samut Prakan Province. The Index of Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) ranged from 0.67 to 1.00, and the reliability coefficient was 0.96. The statistical techniques included descriptive statistics-frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation-to describe the general characteristics of the sample. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using AMOS was applied to test the research hypotheses and examine the relationships among variables in the model.
The findings revealed that Transformational Leadership, Job Satisfaction, and Job Performance were all at high levels across all dimensions, with mean scores of 4.23, 4.15, and 4.11, respectively. Job Performance (JP) was directly influenced by Transformational Leadership (TL) and Job Satisfaction (JS), with standardized path coefficients of 0.49*** and 0.38***, respectively. Transformational Leadership (TL) also had a direct effect on Job Satisfaction (JS), with a coefficient of 0.72***. Furthermore, Job Satisfaction (JS) acted as a mediating variable between Transformational Leadership (TL) and Job Performance (JP), with an indirect effect of 0.27 at a significance level of 0.001. The model demonstrated a good fit with the empirical data, with CMIN/DF = 1.636, CFI = 0.959, and RMSEA = 0.057.
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