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Abstract
Dealing with Missing Data
In almost all research, there is the potential for missing data. Missing data can occur for various reasons. Problems associated with missing values are loss of efficiency, complications in handling and analyzing the data, and bias resulting from differences between missing data and complete data. A variety of methods have been developed to attempt to compensate for missing data. The author suggests that listwise deletion, pairwise deletion and mean/mode substitution are poor methods for handling missing data, whereas full information maximumlikelihood, expectation-maximization algorithm, and multiple imputations are recommended alternatives to this approach.
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